scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE ACTION OF SELENIUM IN A SOIL-PLANT SYSTEM IN THE CONDITIONS OF WESTERN SIBERIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 104-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Iu. Aleksandrovskaia ◽  
A. V. Sindireva ◽  
V. V. Ieronova
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Selenium Compounds ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Environmentally Safe

Selenium plays an important antioxidant role in a living organism. At the same time, we often observe a deficit of selenium in natural environmental locations. Therefore, it is of great importance to elaborate and assess methods for the most efficient and environmentally safe intake of the necessary amount of this element in the human body with the consumption of vegetable food, among others. In this respect, the techniques of enriching plants with this microelement are promising. These techniques include additional introduction of selenium compounds into the soil and non-root intake. Our research consisted of an environmental assessment of the effect of selenium on biometric parameters, crop yield, and quality of spring wheat plants. Aziiev soft spring wheat, selenium microelement, meadow chernozemic soil were the objects of our study. It was determined that Se has a predominantly stimulating effect on the growth and development of wheat plants and their crop yield. A direct correlation between an increase in the applied doses of selenium and an increase in its content in wheat grain was identified. The results of our study can be applied for the development of appropriate methods for the use of selenium-containing micro fertilizers in certain environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Влияние систем удобрений на урожайность и качество яровой пшеницы

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.P. Bausheva ◽  
I.D. Khalistova
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Loamy Soil ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Support Medium

Исследования проводились на дерново-подзолистой среднесуглинистой почве. В опыте изучалось влияние систем удобрений на урожайность и качество яровой пшеницы. Объект исследования пшеница яровая Дарья. Установлено, что использование органо-минерального субстрата как отдельно, так и в сочетании с минеральными удобрениями (норма минеральных удобрений N80P80K80) способствовало повышению урожайности и улучшению качества зерна яровой пшеницы. По фактору систем удобрений наибольшая урожайность (23,08 ц/га) достигнута при использовании органо-минерального субстрата. В этом варианте урожайность повышалась на 11,77 ц/га в сравнении с контролем. Яровая пшеница сформировала достаточно высокую урожайность (20,17 ц/га) и при внесении минеральных удобрений в норме N80P80K80 в сочетании с органо-минеральным субстратом. В этом варианте урожайность была на 8,86 ц/га выше, чем в контроле. Наибольшее содержание белка (16,44 в пересчёте на абсолютно сухое вещество) и клейковины (39,34 на СВ) в зерне яровой пшеницы отмечалось при использовании органо-минерального субстрата совместно с минеральными удобрениями в норме N80P80K80, что важно для улучшения хлебопекарных свойств пшеничной муки.The researches were carried out on soddy podzolic medium loamy soil. In the trial the effect of fertilizer systems on the yield and quality of spring wheat was studied. The object of research is spring wheat Darya. It was established that the use of an organo-mineral support medium both separately and in combination with mineral fertilizers (the amount of mineral fertilizers N80P80K80) contributed to an increase in yield and an improvement in the quality of spring wheat grain. By the factor of fertilizer systems the highest yield (23.08 kg/ha) was achieved using an organo-mineral support medium. In this variant the yield was increased by 11.77 kg/ha in comparison with the control. Spring wheat has formed a sufficiently high yield (20.17 kg/ha) and when applying mineral fertilizers in the amount N80P80K80in combination with an organo-mineral support medium. In this variant the yield was 8.86 kg/ha higher than in the control one. The highest content of protein (16.44 in terms on absolutely dry basis) and gluten (39.34 in SV) in spring wheat grain was observed when using an organo-mineral support medium together with mineral fertilizers in the norm N80P80K80which is important for improving baking properties wheat flour.

YIELD AND QUALITY OF SPRING WHEAT GRAIN DEPENDING ON CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL IN LLC «TERBUNY-AGRO» OF THE LIPETSK REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (21) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
E.G. Gavrilenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Strain Index ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Very High ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

The article is devoted to the study of the influence of chemical properties of the soil on the yield and quality of the grain of spring wheat. The highest yield of grain of spring wheat of Aquilon va-riety is observed at very high nitrification capacity of soil. As the amount of nitrate nitrogen in the soil increases, the protein content of the spring wheat grain increases. The higher the hydrolytic acidity of the soil, the lower the vitreousness of the spring wheat grain. As the sum of the soil ex-change bases increases, the nature of the egg wheat grain increases. As the yield of spring wheat grain increases, the weight of 1000 seeds and the gluten strain index decrease. As the percentage of weed impurity increases, the natural weight of the grain decreases. As the gluten content of the grain increased, the gluten strain index and the vitreous of the grain increased.

scholarly journals Impact of potassium humate on crop yield and quality of winter wheat grain

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
A. M. Shuvar ◽  
◽  
N. M. Rudavska ◽  
L. L. Begen ◽  
G. M. Dorota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Potassium Humate ◽  
Yield And Quality

scholarly journals Direct and indirect losses determining the harmfulness of mushrooms p. Fusarium – fusariosis causes wheat speak and grain

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
Yu. K. Shashko ◽  
A. L. Dolgova ◽  
M. N. Shashko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Wheat Diseases ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Damage ◽  
Fusarium Pathogens ◽  
Flour Yield ◽  
Indirect Losses

Fungi p. Fusarium is one of the most harmful pathogens of wheat diseases. Their harmfulness is caused both by direct losses due to decrease in yield, and indirect as a result of infection of the obtained products with mycotoxins and decrease in process, baking and sowing parameters of grain. Due to high potential losses, analysis of quantitative parameters of harmfulness of fusarium pathogens of spike and grain is relevant. The paper presents data showing the harmfulness of Fusarium of spike and wheat grain. The causes of direct and indirect losses in case of damage to wheat spike by fungi of p. Fusarium. Direct losses of crop yield are shown in the natural conditions of Minsk region and with the epiphytotic development of the disease in case of artificial infection, which can reach over 50 %. The effect of Fusaria on baking properties of wheat is analyzed. It was determined that grain damage causes decrease in weight of 1000 grains and the flour yield when it is used in the milling industry, as well as deterioration in its quality due to decrease in protein and crude gluten level. The effect of pathogens on sowing parameters of grain is determined. It is concluded that for use as seeds in terms of laboratory germination capacity, batches of grain infected with Fusarium only up to 15 % can be accepted. The data obtained will allow us to adapt protective measures against Fusarium of spike and grain and reduce its negative impact on crop yield and quality of the products obtained.

scholarly journals Improvement of the cucumber protection system in the greenhouse for production environmentally safe products

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Svetlana Aleksandrovna Dudnikova ◽  
Valentina Vasilievna Lapina ◽  
Nikolay Vasilievich Smolin ◽  
Dmitry Vladimirovich Bochkarev
Keyword(s):  
Biologically Active ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Active Substances

Production of environmentally friendly cucumber products is one of the important problems of modern vegetable growing. In the current situation, many issues of cucumber technology using the low-volume technology method require adjustment and further improvement. The purpose of the research was to study and assess the effect of combinations of zircon with biofertilizers against the background of the use of biological products on the growth, development, yield and quality of cucumber. The complex treatment of cucumber plants of the F1 Atlet hybrid with biologically active substances (BAS) contributed to an increase in biometric indicators in comparison with the control throughout the entire crop rotation. The period from germination to the beginning of flowering and fruiting decreased, the plant height increased by 7.2–13.2% and the stem diameter by 12.5–17.5%. The yield was significantly influenced by the growth of the leaf area of cucumber plants, which increased in variants with experimental technologies by 5.9–34%. Under the influence of the studied factors, the yield of standard cucumber production increased by 8.0–27.6%. The mass fraction of fruits that do not meet the requirements of the standard was 6.6–8.1%. On the control variant, the output of non-standard products increased to 10%. The highest net income and level of profitability were obtained with the combined use of Zircon with Ecofus, both against the background of the use of biological products (659.3 rubles / m2 or 38.4%) and without them (685.13 rubles / m2 or 40.1%).

scholarly journals Crop Yield and Quality of Lentil Varieties in the Conditions of the Southeast of Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Alma Zhumabaevna Saikenova ◽  
Mukhtar Sarsenbekovich Kudaibergenov ◽  
Taken Nurgassenovich Nurgassenov ◽  
Bakytzhan Rakhmetolinovich Saikenov ◽  
Svetlana Vladimirovna Didorenko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality
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