scholarly journals Statistical analysis of water quality parameters in the basin of the Nišava River (Serbia) in the period 2009–2018

Geografie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-73
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Stričević ◽  
Mila Pavlović ◽  
Ivan Filipović ◽  
Aleksandar Radivojević ◽  
Nataša Martić Bursać ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Surface Water Flow ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Post Hoc

This paper analyzes water quality from four hydrological stations in the Nišava river basin from 2009–2018 based on the following parameters: pH, conductivity, O2 saturation, BOD5, suspended solids, total oxidized nitrogen, phosphates, turbidity and coliform bacteria. Authors have applied WQI (water quality index) as the most reliable indicator of the watercourses pollution for setting of surface water flow quality. Statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) using t-test inferential statistical analysis and post-hoc Tukey test were applied to evaluate statistically significant differences between specific data groups. The results show that bad water quality was registered on all the profiles on an annual basis (WQI = 65–71). The river water pH decreases downstream, while values of BOD5, suspended solids, turbidity, TON, phosphates and coliform bacteria gradually increase. The waters of the Nišava at the station Niš belong to the third class of waters and they are mostly loaded with organic matter originating from waste sewage and industrial waters of both urban and rural areas.

Seagrass depth range and water quality in southern Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 763 ◽  
Author(s):  
EG Abal ◽  
WC Dennison
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Light Attenuation ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Moreton Bay ◽  
A Site

Correlations between water quality parameters and seagrass depth penetration were developed for use as a biological indicator of integrated light availability and long-term trends in water quality. A year-long water quality monitoring programme in Moreton Bay was coupled with a series of seagrass depth transects. A strong gradient between the western (landward) and eastern (seaward) portions of Moreton Bay was observed in both water quality and seagrass depth range. Higher concentrations of chlorophyll a, total suspended solids, dissolved and total nutrients, and light attenuation coefficients in the water column and correspondingly shallower depth limits of the seagrass Zostera capricorni were observed in the western portions of the bay. Relatively high correlation coefficient values (r2 > 0.8) were observed between light attenuation coefficient, total suspended solids, chlorophyll a, total Kjeldahl nitrogen and Zostera capricorni depth range. Low correlation coefficient values (r2 < 0.8) between seagrass depth range and dissolved inorganic nutrients were observed. Seagrasses had disappeared over a five-year period near the mouth of the Logan River, a turbid river with increased land use in its watershed. At a site 9 km from the river mouth, a significant decrease in seagrass depth range corresponded to higher light attenuation, chlorophyll a, total suspended solids and total nitrogen content relative to a site 21 km from the river mouth. Seagrass depth penetration thus appears to be a sensitive bio-indicator of some water quality parameters, with application for water quality management.

scholarly journals Limnology of Merbok estuary, Kedah, Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Kaniz Fatema ◽  
Wan Maznah Wan Omar ◽  
Mansor Mat Isa
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Hand Temperature ◽  
Do Concentration ◽  
Merbok Estuary

Water quality in three different stations of Merbok estuary was investigated limnologically from October, 2010 to September, 2011. Water temperature, transparency and total suspended solids (TSS) varied from 27.45 - 30.450C, 7.5 - 120 cm and 10 -140 mg/l, respectively. Dissolved Oxygen (DO) concentration ranged from 1.22-10.8 mg/l, while salinity ranged from 3.5-35.00 ppt. pH and conductivity ranged from 6.35 - 8.25 and 40 - 380 ?S/cm, respectively. Kruskal Wallis H test shows that water quality parameters were significantly different among the sampling months and stations (p<0.05). This study revealed that DO, salinity, conductivity and transparency were higher in wet season and TSS was higher in dry season. On the other hand, temperature and pH did not follow any seasonal trends.Bangladesh J. Zool. 41(1): 13-19, 2013

The Chao Phraya River Basin: water quality and anthropogenic influences

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1287-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuanchan Singkran ◽  
Pitchaya Anantawong ◽  
Naree Intharawichian ◽  
Karika Kunta
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
River Basin ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Chao Phraya River

Abstract Land use influences and trends in water quality parameters were determined for the Chao Phraya River, Thailand. Dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) showed significant trends (R2 ≥ 0.5) across the year, while total phosphorus (TP) and faecal coliform bacteria (FCB) showed significant trends only in the wet season. DO increased, but BOD, NO3-N, and TP decreased, from the lower section (river kilometres (rkm) 7–58 from the river mouth) through the middle section (rkm 58–143) to the upper section (rkm 143–379) of the river. Lead and mercury showed weak/no trends (R2 &lt; 0.5). Based on the river section, major land use groups were a combination of urban and built-up areas (43%) and aquaculture (21%) in the lower river basin, paddy fields (56%) and urban and built-up areas (21%) in the middle river basin, and paddy fields (44%) and other agricultural areas (34%) in the upper river basin. Most water quality and land use attributes had significantly positive or negative correlations (at P ≤ 0.05) among each other. The river was in crisis because of high FCB concentrations. Serious measures are suggested to manage FCB and relevant human activities in the river basin.

scholarly journals Validation of the STRIVE model for coupling ecological processes and surface water flow

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-759
Author(s):  
L. De Doncker ◽  
P. Troch ◽  
R. Verhoeven ◽  
K. Buis ◽  
P. Meire
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Surface Water Flow ◽  
Quality Aspects

The 1D model package STRIVE is verified for simulating the interaction between ecological processes and surface water flow. The model is general and can be adapted and further developed according to the research question. The hydraulic module, based on the Saint-Venant equations, is the core part. The presence of macrophytes influences the water quality and the discharge due to the flow resistance of the river, expressed by Manning's coefficient, and allows an ecological description of the river processes. Based on the advection–dispersion equation, water quality parameters are incorporated and modelled. Calculation of the water quantity parameters, coupled with water quality and inherent validation and sensitivity analysis, is the main goal of this research. An important study area is the River Aa near Poederlee (Belgium), a lowland river with a wealth of vegetation growth, where discharge and vegetation measurements are carried out on a regular basis. The developed STRIVE model shows good and accurate calculation results. The work highlights the possibility of STRIVE to model flow processes, water quality aspects and ecological interaction combined and separately. Coupling of discharges, water levels, amount of biomass and tracer values provides a powerful prediction modelling tool for the ecological behaviour of lowland rivers.

scholarly journals Investigating the Impact of Anthropogenic and Natural Sources of Pollution on Quality of Water in Upper Indus Basin (UIB) by Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansoor A. Baluch ◽  
Hashim Nisar Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Analysis ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Anthropogenic Source ◽  
Indus River ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The Impact

Water quality of the Indus River around the upper basin and the main river was evaluated with the help of statistical analysis. In order to analyze the similarities and dissimilarities for identifying the spatial variations in water quality of the Indus River and sources of contamination, multivariate statistical analysis, i.e., principle component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis, and descriptive analysis, was done. Data of 8 physicochemical quality parameters from 64 sampling stations belonging to 6 regions (labeled as M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, and M6) were used for analysis. The parameters used for assessing the water quality were pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxygen reducing potential (ORP), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity (%), and concentration of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb), respectively. PCA assisted in extracting and recognizing the responsible variation factors of water quality over the region, and the results showed three underlying factors including anthropogenic source pollution along with runoff due to rain and soil erosion were responsible for explaining the 93.87% of total variance. The parameters which were significantly influenced by anthropogenic impact are DO, EC, TDS (negative), and concentration of Pb (positive), while the concentration of As, % salinity, and ORP are affected by erosion and runoff due to rain. The worst pollution situation for regions M1 and M6 was due to the concentration of As which was approximately 400 μg/l (i.e., 40 times higher than minimum WHO recommendation). Furthermore, the results also indicated that, in the Indus River, three monitoring stations and five quality parameters are sufficient to have a reasonable confidence about the quality of water in this most important reserve of Pakistan.

scholarly journals Effects of Opened and Closed Spillway Operations of a Large Tropical Hydroelectric Dam on the Water Quality of the Downstream River

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona-Annilow Wera ◽  
Teck-Yee Ling ◽  
Lee Nyanti ◽  
Siong-Fong Sim ◽  
Jongkar Grinang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Regulated River ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Hydroelectric Dam ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
The Impact

Water quality downstream of a hydroelectric dam is potentially affected by dam operations and other land uses in the river basin. Previous short-distance studies below the large Bakun Dam indicated poorer water quality during closed spillway. However, the extent of the impact is still unknown. Such knowledge is essential for mitigating the impact of the dam. Thus, the objectives of this study were to determine the water quality up to a distance of 210 km under two spillway operations, namely, closed and opened spillways, and also to determine the changes in water quality from the predam condition. Physicochemical parameters were measured at 15 stations along the Rajang River. Results of this preliminary study indicated that there were significant differences in eight out of nine water quality parameters between opened and closed spillway operations with opened spillway showing better water quality. During closed spillway, as we approached the dam, there was an increasing acidity and a decreasing oxygen content. Furthermore, as the water flows downstream, the unhealthy DO level (<5 mg/L) extended up to 165 km and the linear model showed an increasing DO rate of 0.09 mg/L per km. With opened spillway, DO decreased exponentially from 9.74 mg/L towards the downstream direction to 7.67 mg/L. The increasing turbidity and TSS in the downstream direction indicate contributions from erosion due to other land uses. The river is polluted with organics as indicated by COD of Class IV or V with sources from the dam and the activities in the river basin. Compared to the predam condition, the regulated river is less turbid but warmer and higher in ammonia. Closed spillway led to lower DO and acidic water. However, opened spillway water pH and DO were similar to those in the predam condition. Thus, it is recommended that DO be consistently high enough for the health of sensitive aquatic organisms downstream.

Statistical Analysis of Water Quality Parameters in Seven Major Serbian Rivers during 2004‒2013 Period

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 418-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Leščešen ◽  
Dragan Dolinaj ◽  
Milana Pantelić ◽  
Stevan Savić ◽  
Dragan Milošević
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters

Characteristics of Ion Release from Building Materials during Rainwater Harvesting

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3522-3528
Author(s):  
Jian Feng Zhang ◽  
Ya Xiong Deng ◽  
Zhan Qin Lei ◽  
Wei Xie
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Materials Used

In the past two decade, the Chinese government has paid a huge effort to solve the problem of drinking water in remote rural. As an alterative success case, rainwater harvesting and utility has been the most efficient way to supplying fresh water in rural areas of the Loess Plateau, a typical water resources serious shortage area in China. Focused on improving the quality of the rural village cistern water, study about the characteristics of ion release from building materials during runoff process with five representative materials used for rainwater collection: concrete, red brick, grey tile, red tile and soil was conducted. The ion releasing process and following effect on cistern water quality index, such as hardness, pH, conductivity, has been analyzed. Results revealed that the most release strength of different materials was arriving at 30s following startup. Furthermore, the test of effects of rain acidity on ion release procession showed that the total ion release increased with storm water pH declining, however, the release strength was irrelevance with runoff’s pH. Based on research results, a detailed suggestion was provided to renovate intake construction of cistern for improving the drinking water quality in remote rural areas of Weibei Semi-arid District.

Best subset modelling of phosphorus in the Grand River using correlated variables

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 893-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tyagi ◽  
M. Sharma ◽  
E. McBean
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Statistical Modelling ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Modelling Procedure ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Grand River

Statistical models are developed for the estimation of phosphorus concentrations for different seasons and locations using routinely monitored water quality parameters in the Grand River Basin. Two methods of modelling, namely the best subset model and the stepwise regression method based on R2 and F values, are described. The best subset modelling procedure enables comparison between full model (containing all the independent variables) and subset models (containing subsets of independent variables). For correlated independent variables, the best subset modelling procedure is shown to provide a better model than the stepwise regression procedure. The statistical modelling results indicate that suspended solids play an important role in the prediction of phosphorus levels and consequently decreasing suspended solids would decrease the growth of aquatic plants in the Grand River Basin. Key words: regression modelling, water quality, phosphorus, suspended solids, rivers, statistics.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the outflow water quality of two sustainable linear drainage systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 1341-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. C. Andrés-Valeri ◽  
D. Castro-Fresno ◽  
L. A. Sañudo-Fontaneda ◽  
J. Rodriguez-Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Drainage Systems ◽  
System A ◽  
Car Park

Three different drainage systems were built in a roadside car park located on the outskirts of Oviedo (Spain): two sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS), a swale and a filter drain; and one conventional drainage system, a concrete ditch, which is representative of the most frequently used roadside drainage system in Spain. The concentrations of pollutants were analyzed in the outflow of all three systems in order to compare their capacity to improve water quality. Physicochemical water quality parameters such as dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity and total petroleum hydrocarbons were monitored and analyzed for 25 months. Results are presented in detail showing significantly smaller amounts of outflow pollutants in SUDS than in conventional drainage systems, especially in the filter drain which provided the best performance.

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