Simulation of Electric Vehicle Charging Points Based on Efficient Use of Chargers and Using Recuperated Braking Energy from Trains

Electric vehicles represent an innovation in mobility that can help significantly reduce greenhouse emissions and mitigate climate change. However, replacing internal combustion with electric vehicles is not enough. This replacement needs to be complemented with a change in the energy mix of individual countries towards renewable energy sources and efficient use of electricity generated as a secondary product. Recuperative braking energy from trains can serve as one source of such secondary energy. Following an analysis of recuperative energy generated and analysis of charging requirements of individual electric vehicles, the paper proposes a model of a charging site near train stations. Using this energy to charge electric vehicles helps to reduce energy consumption from the electricity grid and thus reduce carbon emissions. Compared to other articles, the proposed model ensures the efficient use of recuperative braking energy from trains by using the variable charging power function; thereby, the installation of additional battery storage is eliminated. Our model results show that the benefits of a car park with a reservation system near train stations increase the car park efficiency, provide a sufficient number of private charging points, contribute to efficient use of recovered energy, and reduce carbon emissions.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Tesla- A Case Study

Background/Purpose: Artificial intelligence algorithms are like humans, performing a task repeatedly, each time changing it slightly to maximize the result. A neural network is made up of several deep layers that allow for learning. Financial services, ICT, life science, oil and gas, retail, automotive, industrial healthcare, and chemicals and manufacturing sectors are among the industries that employ these algorithms. The electric motor is a new concept, and the automobile industry is now undergoing intensive research to determine whether it is practicable and financially viable. There are already some first movers, such as Tesla, who have successfully established their model and are moving forward. Tesla is forcing the auto industry to adapt quickly. Tesla introduced Autopilot driver capability for its Model S vehicle. Tesla Autopilot is a suite of sophisticated driver-assist technologies that include traffic adjustment, congested roads navigation system, autopilot car-parks, computer-controlled road rules, semi-autonomous route planning on major roadways, and the ability to summon the vehicle out of a designated car-park. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of Tesla Company and Innovations of Autopilot Vehicles. Objective: This case study report addresses the growth of Tesla Company in the field of Autonomous Vehicles. Design/Methodology/Approach: The knowledge for this case study of Tesla was gathered from various academic articles, online articles, and the SWOT framework. Findings/Result: Based on the research, this paper discusses the technological histories, Autopilot driving features, safety concerns, financial plans, market challenges, different models, and how Tesla Inc. is accelerating the world's movement in multiple initiatives such as the contribution of the global economic system, study in the Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning area. Originality/Value: This paper study provides a brief overview of Tesla Inc. given the various data collected, and information about Tesla Autopilot vehicles using Artificial Intelligence based Innovations in Entrepreneurial Oriented Cars. Paper type: A Research Case study paper - focuses on Application of Artificial Intelligence in Tesla Autopilot Vehicles and growth & Journey of the Tesla Inc. Company.

Power Management Analysis of a Photovoltaic and Battery Energy Storage-Based Smart Electrical Car Park Providing Ancillary Grid Services

Future car parks will require significant power to support electric vehicle (EV) charging as there will be both an increase in the penetration of EVs and a higher demand for charging power as battery packs increase in capacity. The effective management of the charging and local battery storage can be installed to help prevent excessive increases in electrical feeder capacity; however, it is inevitable that car parks will attain significant power capability in the future. There is therefore an opportunity for car park owners to utilise this and generate additional revenue by providing frequency response services to the electrical grid. This paper describes the modelling of a car park that utilises photovoltaic power generation, battery storage, and EV charging management strategies to provide a grid frequency response service. The analysis using simulated car park data shows that it can provide a high availability in terms of service but it is dependent on the capacity of the installed generation and storage.

Usage of pedestrian overpass in Akure, Nigeria

Background This study addressed the safety challenge, motivation, and utilization factors regarding the usage of the pedestrian overpass by different people of dissimilar ages alongside Oba Adeshida road at Oja-Oba (Oba market) in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. It addressed the following objectives: determined the value of the pedestrian overpass as used by people of different ages; examined the reasons for using the pedestrian overpass in Akure; and examined the performance level of a pedestrian overpass in Akure. Methods In total, 384 users (who used the bridge) were purposively sampled for questionnaire administration, but 324 users participated in the questionnaire, which included multiple-choice and open-ended questions. Also, personal observation was employed for queue analysis. The “Semantic Differential Scale” and single-server queue system for the single queue were employed for data analysis. Conclusions In Akure, there was low or no usage of the pedestrian overpass when the road median was made use of metal and low concrete; but when the road median was made use of high concrete barrier, there was high usage of the pedestrian overpass. It also revealed that the engineering design of the pedestrian overpass is low compared to the contemporary design solutions in addressing the urban societal needs. The pedestrian overpass was used frequently and every day because it provides access to the car park, market, and central mosque. The performance of the pedestrian overpass in Akure is 105% which indicates that the pedestrian overpass is over-utilized by a pedestrian. It is recommended that there is a need to construct another pedestrian overpass to enhance the efficiency of the structure. The existing and future pedestrian overpass should be redesigned to constitute interesting aesthetics and architectural solutions that could harmonize with the environment and enhance flow of the disabled persons.

The Influence of Parking Careers and Parking Facilities on User Satisfaction of Car Parking on Ngurah Rai Street Gianyar City

Driver satisfaction in making a trip is influenced by the quality of parking services. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of parking attendants and parking facilities on the satisfaction of car park users on Jalan Ngurah Rai, in Gianyar City, which is currently working on revitalizing traditional markets with modern concepts. Research using survey methods, distributing questionnaires to obtain 100 sheets of parking service user perception data. The results of the analysis show that the regression equation obtained is Y = 2.354 + 0.281 X1 + 0.672 X2. The parking attendant and parking facilities variables both partially and simultaneously have a significant positive effect on the user satisfaction variable. Value of Sig. variable parking attendant and parking facilities respectively 0.000 < 0.05. The value of tcount for parking attendants and parking facilities are 9,500 and 20.921, respectively > ttable = 1.9872. Fcount = 312.296 > 0.025324. The ability of the parking attendant and parking facilities variable in influencing the user satisfaction variable is quite large, as indicated by the coefficient value. determination (R2) of 86.3%.

Estimation of truck reduction factors applicable to calculation of parameters of a regulated intersection

Introduction. The rapid growth of the country’s car park and the increasing rate of traffic volume lead to various types of transport problems. This is especially acute in regulated areas located near logistics parks, as well as in industrial zones of cities. Here, in the general traffic flow, trucks prevail, which differ from passenger cars primarily in their overall dimensions and dynamic characteristics. For the uniformity of the traffic flow, a certain difference is compensated by specialized coefficients of converting to a conventional passenger car. The performed research is aimed at establishing the main methods used in bringing freight vehicles to a conventional passenger car and assessing the current coefficients of converting freight vehicles to a conventional passenger car by determining the value of the reduced traffic intensity.Methods and materials. Within the framework of the study performed, natural methods of data collection were used for the subsequent calculation. When analyzing certain parameters, mathematical models have been established that underlie certain values of the coefficients of converting trucks to a conventional passenger car.Results. In the course of the study, the authors classified the methods for determining the coefficients of bringing a truck to a conventional passenger car. The values of the reduction factors for some of them have been established, which can be used when calculating the parameters of the regulated section. The present value of road traffic on the set object of the study - the regulated intersection - has been calculated using different actuation coefficients established earlier. The results obtained are assessed.Conclusion. The analysis of the values obtained as a result of calculations showed their significant difference from each other with a difference of 12%, 53% and 300% of the value of the total (not reduced) intensity. Based on the results obtained, the main tasks of further research are determined.

Car Park House Share: Reclaiming Wellington's Car Parking Buildings

<p>This thesis anticipates that inner city car parking buildings will become vacant as new car ownership models, such as car sharing, reduce the number of cars parked in cities. “Collaborative consumption” is changing the way that consumers own goods to a shared method where ownership is outsourced and goods become cheaper and more efficient to use. Car sharing is one such service where technology provides the basis for it to operate. High demand for housing in the Wellington CBD and a current housing stock shortfall provides an opportunity to adaptively re-use this vacant infrastructure for time share housing for transient workers, using the collaborative consumption model. This research proposes that the conversion of carparking buildings into shared housing schemes is valid, and explores this by investigating what the consequences of car sharing might be on the city and how people interact with this infrastructure at a street scale. The thesis then explores the architectural possibility of how housing can make use of existing infrastructure for a new use. It explores the pedestrian reclamation of the parking building while acknowledging the architectural heritage of the car parking typology.</p>

Car Park House Share: Reclaiming Wellington's Car Parking Buildings

<p>This thesis anticipates that inner city car parking buildings will become vacant as new car ownership models, such as car sharing, reduce the number of cars parked in cities. “Collaborative consumption” is changing the way that consumers own goods to a shared method where ownership is outsourced and goods become cheaper and more efficient to use. Car sharing is one such service where technology provides the basis for it to operate. High demand for housing in the Wellington CBD and a current housing stock shortfall provides an opportunity to adaptively re-use this vacant infrastructure for time share housing for transient workers, using the collaborative consumption model. This research proposes that the conversion of carparking buildings into shared housing schemes is valid, and explores this by investigating what the consequences of car sharing might be on the city and how people interact with this infrastructure at a street scale. The thesis then explores the architectural possibility of how housing can make use of existing infrastructure for a new use. It explores the pedestrian reclamation of the parking building while acknowledging the architectural heritage of the car parking typology.</p>

Paradise lost: A critique of lost urban sites as didactic testing grounds for landscape architecture

<p>The traditional approach within landscape architecture to rejuvenate a distressed ‘lost’ urban site is to cap the problem with a more desirable landscape. This thesis argues that such an approach simply creates a ‘green bandage’ to the problem without actually resolving the real issues behind the disfunction of the space: that is, the social and identity issues of the site and how to reconcile them with a physical space. Elements of urban ruin and degeneration can become active participants in an urban narrative that engages the history of the site and its place within the evolution of the urban context. Time plays a significant role in the understanding of such sites to create methods of developing landscapes as a system which is never static, and is always reflective of the layers of history beneath its transient surface. The proposed site for this thesis design research investigation is the Clifton Street Car Park, situated in the inner urban spaces of Wellington, New Zealand. It is a site that represents a multitude of identities, none of which actually engages with the reality of the history and actuality of the site. The site is a direct response to the overlaying of the standardised urban grid to the east, suburban grids to the west and a rift caused by the government’s failure to complete the motorway extension. It is a site that should be important to the functioning of a city; however, it acts as, and is therefore perceived as, a lost site, a placeless place. The principal objective of this research thesis is to challenge why these in-between spaces so often remain tinged with placelessness and challenge how to deal with the space in a way which will enable the city to actually benefit from such sites through their ability to deliver spatial narrative in the urban context and to facilitate a new typology of design.</p>