A Review of Event-Related Potential Studies in Internet Addiction

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Tae Kyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Event Related Potential

Sensory and Cognitive Components of Auditory Processing in Individuals With Tinnitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 834-842
Author(s):  
Harini Vasudevan ◽  
Hari Prakash Palaniswamy ◽  
Ramaswamy Balakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Selective Attention ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Auditory Selective Attention ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Mode Function ◽  
Related Potentials

Purpose The main purpose of the study is to explore the auditory selective attention abilities (using event-related potentials) and the neuronal oscillatory activity in the default mode network sites (using electroencephalogram [EEG]) in individuals with tinnitus. Method Auditory selective attention was measured using P300, and the resting state EEG was assessed using the default mode function analysis. Ten individuals with continuous and bothersome tinnitus along with 10 age- and gender-matched control participants underwent event-related potential testing and 5 min of EEG recording (at wakeful rest). Results Individuals with tinnitus were observed to have larger N1 and P3 amplitudes along with prolonged P3 latency. The default mode function analysis revealed no significant oscillatory differences between the groups. Conclusion The current study shows changes in both the early sensory and late cognitive components of auditory processing. The change in the P3 component is suggestive of selective auditory attention deficit, and the sensory component (N1) suggests an altered bottom-up processing in individuals with tinnitus.

Bindungsstile bei Probanden mit pathologischem Internetgebrauch

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Maren Greschner ◽  
Jörg Michael Müller ◽  
Katajun Lindenberg ◽  
Corinna Reck ◽  
Georg Romer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Internet Addiction

Zusammenfassung. Zielsetzung: In der Entstehung von pathologischem Internetgebrauch (PIG) wird diskutiert, ob das Internetverhalten als Surrogat zur Befriedigung von Bindungsbedürfnissen dienen kann. Dabei wird angenommen, dass die unerfüllten Bindungsbedürfnisse aus unsicheren Bindungsstilen resultieren. Die vorliegende Pilotstudie untersuchte den Zusammenhang zwischen PIG und Bindungsstilen. Methodik: Bei 10 Probanden mit PIG und 10 Probanden einer geschlechts-, alters- und bildungsgematchten Kontrollgruppe erfolgte erstmals eine interviewgestützte Erhebung des Bindungssystems mit dem Attachment Style Interview durch zwei geschulte Rater. Die Definition des PIG erfolgte kategorial mit dem Internetsucht-Interview (Distinguishing Characteristics of Internet Addiction) und dimensional durch die Skalen zum Onlinesucht- und Computerspielverhalten. Ergebnis: Probanden mit PIG wiesen signifikant häufiger unsichere und desorganisierte sowie seltener sichere Bindungsstile auf als gesunde Kontrollprobanden [χ²(2) = 7.505; p = .023]. Schlussfolgerung: Unsichere und desorganisierte Bindungsstile sollten in der multifaktoriellen Ätiopathogenese des PIG als Risikofaktor berücksichtigt werden.

Internet Addiction: Ein Literaturüberblick

2002 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Demmel
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Psychische Störungen ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Online Relationships ◽  
E Mail

Zahlreiche Falldarstellungen sowie die Ergebnisse einer Reihe empirischer Untersuchungen lassen vermuten, dass die exzessive Nutzung von Onlinediensten mit erheblichen Beeinträchtigungen der Lebensführung einhergehen kann. In der Literatur wird oftmals auf Ähnlichkeiten zwischen der sog. <I>Internet Addiction</I> einerseits und Abhängigkeitserkrankungen oder Störungen der Impulskontrolle andererseits hingewiesen. Die Validität des Konstrukts ist jedoch umstritten. In Abhängigkeit von der jeweiligen Symptomatik können verschiedene Subtypen der Internet»sucht« beschrieben werden:<I><OL><LI>addiction to online sex, <LI>addiction to online gambling, <LI>addiction to online relationships, <LI>addiction to web cruising and e-mail checking</I> und <I><LI>addiction to multi-user dungeons.</OL></I> Zur Prävalenz der Internet»sucht« in der Allgemeinbevölkerung liegen bislang keine zuverlässigen Schätzungen vor. Verschiedene Personenmerkmale (Alter, Geschlecht, psychische Störungen etc.) sowie spezifische Merkmale der verschiedenen Onlinedienste (Anonymität, Ereignishäufigkeit etc.) scheinen das Risiko einer exzessiven und somit möglicherweise schädlichen Nutzung zu erhöhen. Die vorliegenden Daten sind widersprüchlich und erlauben lediglich vorläufige Schlussfolgerungen, da sich die Soziodemographie der Nutzer innerhalb weniger Jahre deutlich verändert hat und darüber hinaus hinsichtlich der Nutzung des World Wide Web nach wie vor erhebliche geographische Ungleichheiten vorausgesetzt werden müssen. Vor dem Hintergrund erheblicher Forschungsdefizite einerseits und zahlreicher »Schnittstellen« andererseits erscheint es naheliegend und dringend notwendig, dass die Forschung auf diesem Gebiet künftig in weitaus stärkerem Maße als bislang von den Fortschritten anderer Disziplinen profitiert. Aufgabe empirischer Forschung sollte neben der Entwicklung reliabler und valider Erhebungsinstrumente und der Durchführung aufwändiger Längsschnittstudien an repräsentativen Zufallsstichproben die Formulierung evidenz-basierter Behandlungsempfehlungen sein.

P300 Amplitude and Topography in an Autobiographical Oddball Paradigm Involving Simulated Amnesia

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoinette R. Miller ◽  
J. Peter Rosenfeld ◽  
Matthew Soskins ◽  
Marianne Jhee
Keyword(s):  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Amplitude Difference ◽  
P300 Component ◽  
Oddball Task

Abstract The P300 component of the event-related potential was recorded during two blocks of an autobiographical oddball task. All participants performed honestly during the first block (Phone), i.e., the oddball stimuli were phone numbers. During the second block (Birthday), in which the oddball stimuli were participants' birthdays, a Truth group (N = 13) performed honestly and a Malinger group (N = 14) simulated amnesia. Amnesia simulation significantly reduced P300 amplitudes, both between groups and within the Malinger group (Phone vs. Birthday), possibly because of an increase in task difficulty in the Malinger condition. Analysis of scaled amplitudes also indicated a trend for a feigning-related alteration in P300 topography. Bootstrapping of peak-to-peak amplitudes detected significantly more (93%) Malinger individuals than bootstrapping of baseline-to-peak amplitudes (64%). Bootstrapping also provided evidence of a feigning-related amplitude difference between oddball stimuli (i.e., Phone > Birthday) in 71% of Malinger group individuals. In this comparison, the peak-to-peak measure also performed significantly better in intraindividual diagnostics.

Reaction Time and Brain Waves in Omitted Stimulus Tasks

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar H. Hernández ◽  
Muriel Vogel-Sprott
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Motor Action ◽  
Cognitive Component ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Somatosensory Stimuli

A missing stimulus task requires an immediate response to the omission of a regular recurrent stimulus. The task evokes a subclass of event-related potential known as omitted stimulus potential (OSP), which reflects some cognitive processes such as expectancy. The behavioral response to a missing stimulus is referred to as omitted stimulus reaction time (RT). This total RT measure is known to include cognitive and motor components. The cognitive component (premotor RT) is measured by the time from the missing stimulus until the onset of motor action. The motor RT component is measured by the time from the onset of muscle action until the completion of the response. Previous research showed that RT is faster to auditory than to visual stimuli, and that the premotor of RT to a missing auditory stimulus is correlated with the duration of an OSP. Although this observation suggests that similar cognitive processes might underlie these two measures, no research has tested this possibility. If similar cognitive processes are involved in the premotor RT and OSP duration, these two measures should be correlated in visual and somatosensory modalities, and the premotor RT to missing auditory stimuli should be fastest. This hypothesis was tested in 17 young male volunteers who performed a missing stimulus task, who were presented with trains of auditory, visual, and somatosensory stimuli and the OSP and RT measures were recorded. The results showed that premotor RT and OSP duration were consistently related, and that both measures were shorter with respect to auditory stimuli than to visual or somatosensory stimuli. This provides the first evidence that the premotor RT is related to an attribute of the OSP in all three sensory modalities.

Response-Specific Scalp Distributions in Deception Detection and ERP Correlates of Psychopathic Personality Traits

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoinette R. Miller ◽  
J. Peter Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Deception Detection ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
P300 Component ◽  
Psychopathic Personality Inventory ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
First Time

Abstract University students were screened using items from the Psychopathic Personality Inventory and divided into high (n = 13) and low (n = 11) Psychopathic Personality Trait (PPT) groups. The P300 component of the event-related potential (ERP) was recorded as each group completed a two-block autobiographical oddball task, responding honestly during the first (Phone) block, in which oddball items were participants' home phone numbers, and then feigning amnesia in response to approximately 50% of items in the second (Birthday) block in which oddball items were participants' birthdates. Bootstrapping of peak-to-peak amplitudes correctly identified 100% of low PPT and 92% of high PPT participants as having intact recognition. Both groups demonstrated malingering-related P300 amplitude reduction. For the first time, P300 amplitude and topography differences were observed between honest and deceptive responses to Birthday items. No main between-group P300 effects resulted. Post-hoc analysis revealed between-group differences in a frontally located post-P300 component. Honest responses were associated with late frontal amplitudes larger than deceptive responses at frontal sites in the low PPT group only.

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