Seven-Year Follow-Up of Screening for Hypertension and Diabetes at a Dental Clinic

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Göran Friman
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Medical Screening ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Undiagnosed Hypertension ◽  
Dental Setting ◽  
Study Participants

Objective: To describe the distribution of risk, diagnosis and pharmacological treatments for diabetes and hypertension after seven years among patients provided with opportunistic medical screening in a dental setting. Material and Methods: The initial screening’s 170 participants were asked to take part in a seven-year follow-up study. Data were collected through self-reported information in a written health declaration. Outcome measures: • Number of study participants who had passed away • Prescription of antidiabetics or antihypertensives • Changes in weight and height to calculate body mass index (BMI) Results: The follow-up study consisted of 151 participants. Twenty had passed away. The risk needs for medicating with antihypertensive drugs after seven years for those not receiving pharmacological treatment at the initial screening was 3.7 times greater (p=0.025 CI 1.2-11.3) for participants with a diastolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 90 mm Hg (85 for diabetics) than for the others. The risk was 3.9 times greater (p=0.020 CI 1.2-12.6) for those with a systolic BP of 140-159 mm Hg and 54.2 times greater (p<0.0001 CI 9.8-300.3) for those with a systolic BP ≥ 160 mm Hg than for those with a systolic BP 140 mm Hg. There were no changes in BMI. Conclusion: At least one in ten cases of incorrect medication or undiagnosed hypertension may be identifiable through opportunistic medical screening

scholarly journals Assessment of smoking behaviour in a dental setting: a 1-year follow-up study using self-reported questionnaire data and exhaled carbon monoxide levels

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 909-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odette Engel Brügger ◽  
Marc Frei ◽  
Pedram Sendi ◽  
Peter A. Reichart ◽  
Christoph A. Ramseier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Exhaled Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Dental Setting

scholarly journals Persistence of Fatigue among COVID-19 Survivors in Bangladesh: A Two-month after Follow-up Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Md Khairul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Murad Hossain ◽  
Md Monowar Hossain ◽  
Md Mohiuddin Sharif ◽  
Fahima Sharmin Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Laboratory Markers ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Prevalent Symptom ◽  
D Dimer

Background: A limited number of studies have exclusively assessed fatigue among post-COVID patients. Our study aimed to assess the persistence and associations of fatigue among COVID-19 survivors after two months of recovery from their primary illness. Methods: During hospital admission from August to September, 2020, a total of 400 patients were diagnosed to be suffering from fatigue using Chalder fatigue scale. After obtaining informed written consent, patients were followed up two months later over telephone. A total of 332 participants participated in the interview (63 patients could not be traced and another 5 patient died within two months). Patients were asked to categorize their present fatigue condition based on a simplified questionnaire developed for telephone interview. Results: Among study participants, 62.9% (n=207) were found to be still suffering from fatigue two months after their hospital discharge. A significant association of fatigue was found with age (p=0.000), hypertension (RR: 1.51; CI: 1.15-1.99; p=0.002), diabetes mellitus (RR: 1.45; CI: 1.08-1.95; p=0.010), ischemic heart disease (RR: 2.04; CI: 1.15-3.64; p=0.011), on admission SpO2 (p=0.000), on admission serum ferritin (p=0.000), d-dimer (p=0.000), CRP (p=0.000), and Hb% (p=0.019). Binary logistic regression model revealed significant association of age and onadmission SpO2 with persistence of fatigue. Conclusions: Fatigue is a highly prevalent symptom among the COVID-19 survivors with significant association between fatigue and patients clinical and laboratory markers. Bangladesh J Medicine July 2022; 33(1) : 57-63

scholarly journals Appropriateness of Antibiotics Use and Associated Factors in Hospitalized Patients at University of Gondar Specialized Hospital, Amhara, Ethiopia: Prospective Follow-up Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110607
Author(s):  
Demssie A. Anteneh ◽  
Zemene D. Kifle ◽  
Gizeaddis B. Mersha ◽  
Tewodros T. Ayele
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Patient Gender ◽  
Antibiotics Use ◽  
The Right ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Appropriate antibiotic use means that the patient receives the appropriate drug at adequate doses and duration for a susceptible pathogen. This improves the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy and prevents the emergence of resistant pathogens. Thus, this study aimed to assess the appropriateness of antibiotics use and associated factors among hospitalized patients. Methods: A hospital-based prospective follow-up study was conducted in internal medicine. Data were collected by chart review and interview of prescribers and patients using a pre-tested questionnaire derived from RAND modified Delphi method. Appropriate antibiotic use means that the patient receives the drug based on culture result at the right time in adequate doses and duration. Frequencies and percentage distribution of dependent variables were analyzed. Moreover, bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess the factors influencing factors. Result: Of the 303 study participants, the mean age was44.36 ± 1.07 years and the majority 173 (57.1%) of the participants were females. The appropriateness of antibiotics use among hospitalized patients was 26 (8.6%). Males have used antibiotics more appropriately than females [5.99 (Adjusted odd ration (AOR) 95% CI 2.00-7.98)], while employed study participants were used antibiotics more appropriately than nonemployees [7.29 (AOR 95% CI 1.34-9.58)]. Moreover, patients who received antibiotics after blood culture [2.74 (AOR 95% CI 1.09-8.37)] and cerebrospinal fluid culture [5.82 (AOR 95% CI 1.84-5.63)] were used antibiotics more appropriately than patients who received antibiotics without culture. In addition, patients who believe that the prescribed antibiotics prevent complication of the disease [4.21 (AOR 95% CI 1.33-7.35)] were used antibiotics more appropriately than those who didn’t understand the use of antibiotics. Conclusion: The appropriateness of antibiotics use was very low in the study area. Patient gender, ethnicity, source of income, patient’s belief in antibiotics, and specimen cultures were significantly associated with the appropriateness of antibiotics use.

A 12-month follow-up study of “RedUSe”: a trial aimed at reducing antipsychotic and benzodiazepine use in nursing homes

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1260-1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanita Westbury ◽  
Lisette Tichelaar ◽  
Gregory Peterson ◽  
Peter Gee ◽  
Shane Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Benzodiazepine Use ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Dose Reductions

ABSTRACTBackground: To assess the long-term impact of the “Reducing Use of Sedatives” (RedUSe) trial on antipsychotic and benzodiazepine prevalence and dosage.Methods: RedUSe was a six-month controlled trial conducted in 25 Tasmanian nursing homes in 2008–9 which led to significant reductions in benzodiazepine and antipsychotic use and a doubling of dose reductions of these agents. In a follow-up study, data on psychotropic use was collected from all nursing homes a year after the final RedUSe measure. Mean daily doses for each home were calculated by converting antipsychotic and benzodiazepine doses to chlorpromazine and diazepam equivalents, respectively. To determine the long-term impact of the project, 6-month and initial baseline data were compared to the 18-month follow-up data.Results: 1578 residents were audited for the follow-up measure. In the 18 months since the RedUSe project was instigated, benzodiazepine prevalence fell by 25% in intervention nursing homes. Similarly, the mean daily diazepam equivalence in these homes had fallen by 24%. In contrast, after a significant reduction during the RedUSe trial, antipsychotic prevalence returned to baseline levels in intervention nursing homes, with mean chlorpromazine equivalence remaining relatively constant with time. There was a delayed reduction in benzodiazepine and antipsychotic use in the control homes.Conclusions: Both benzodiazepine usage and mean daily diazepam equivalence continued to decline in intervention nursing homes in the year following the RedUSe trial. However, the effect of the RedUSe intervention on antipsychotic prevalence and dosage was not sustained.

Methadone Maintenance versus Detoxification and Psychosocial Treatment for Opioid Dependence

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamilton Hicks ◽  
Srinivas Muvvala
Keyword(s):  
Methadone Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Opioid Dependence ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
Psychosocial Treatment ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Source Study ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Landmark Study

This chapter provides a summary of a landmark study on substance use disorders. The study authors tackle a fundamental question in the treatment of opioid dependence. Should patients with opioid dependence be treated with methadone maintenance treatment or prolonged and psychosocially enriched methadone-assisted detoxification? Starting with that question, this chapter describes the basics of the study, including the funding source, study location, who was studied, number of study participants, study design, study interventions, follow-up, study endpoints, results, as well as criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.

Progression of diffuse chorioretinal atrophy among patients with high myopia: a 4-year follow-up study

2020 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-316691
Author(s):  
Zhixi Li ◽  
Ran Liu ◽  
Ou Xiao ◽  
Xinxing Guo ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Myopia ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Chorioretinal Atrophy ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Myopic Maculopathy ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

AimsTo investigate the progression pattern of diffuse chorioretinal atrophy (DCA) among Chinese participants with high myopia.MethodsThis is a longitudinal, non-interventional study. Participants with high myopia, defined as ≤−6 diopters spherical power, were included and followed up for 4 years, and underwent cycloplegic autorefraction, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and fundus photography examinations. Newly established DCA, enlargement of existing DCA and development of other lesions of myopic maculopathy were regarded as DCA progression.ResultsOf the 484 participants with a mean age of 21.5±12.7 years (range, 6.8–69.7 years), 68 eyes (14.0%) showed DCA progression, with 88 lesion changes. The first appearance of DCA was identified in 21 eyes (23.9%). Of 88 eyes with DCA at baseline, 47 eyes (53.4%) showed progression, with 67 lesion changes, including 45 eyes (67.2%) with enlargement of DCA, 17 (25.3%) with a first appearance of lacquer cracks, 4 (6.0%) with development of patchy chorioretinal atrophy and 1 (1.5%) with increased numbers of lacquer cracks. Longer axial length (p<0.001), baseline DCA (p=0.005) and baseline DCA closer to the fovea (p=0.013) predicted DCA progression. Eyes had poorer BCVA at the follow-up if DCA was enlarging (p<0.001) or DCA was closer to the fovea at baseline (p=0.028) after adjusting for age,gender and cataract.ConclusionApproximately half of the participants with DCA had progression over a 4-year follow-up. Enlargement and newly developed DCA were common progression patterns. Larger areas of DCA and foveal involvement with DCA could be indicators of a worse BCVA later.

Association of Apolipoprotein C3 Levels and Hepatic Steatosis: A Follow-Up Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (04) ◽  
pp. 236-245
Author(s):  
Patrick Heinz ◽  
Bernhard Otto Boehm ◽  
Julian Schmidberger ◽  
Wolfgang Kratzer ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lipid Binding ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Abdominal Sonography ◽  
Apolipoprotein C3 ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Study Participants

AbstractApolipoprotein C3 is a lipid-binding protein with a pivotal role in triglyceride metabolism and inflammation. This 11-year follow-up study aimed to evaluate apolipoprotein C3 levels and other parameters as markers of hepatic steatosis, in a random, population-based cohort in southern Germany. In 2013, we selected and re-examined 406 study participants (193 women, 213 men; average age 58.1±11.3 years) from the original “Echinococcus multilocularis and other internal diseases in Leutkirch I“ (EMIL I) cohort studied in 2002. All participants received upper abdominal sonography to grade potential hepatic steatosis, and blood tests to determine apolipoprotein C3 levels and other laboratory parameters. Body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and anthropometric measures were documented. The follow-up study conducted in 2013 included a partial correlation analysis. We found an association between hepatic steatosis and elevated apolipoprotein C3 levels (p<0.0001). Study participants with a novel diagnosis of hepatic steatosis had the highest apolipoprotein C3 serum levels (p=0.0002). Hepatic steatosis was associated with low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (p=0.0374), high levels of total cholesterol (p=0.0117), increased homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (p=0.0002), elevated alanine transaminase (p<0.0001), elevated aspartate transaminase (p=0.0003), and elevated C-reactive protein (p=0.0446). Apolipoprotein C3 serum levels were associated with the presence, disease grade, and new development of hepatic steatosis likewise to biomarkers of the metabolic syndrome.

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