scholarly journals A Polynomial Invariant and Duality for Triangulations

10.37236/4162 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Krushkal ◽  
David Renardy
Keyword(s):  
Planar Graphs ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Dual Graph ◽  
Tutte Polynomial ◽  
Polynomial Invariant ◽  
Polynomial Invariants ◽  
Ribbon Graphs ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
Classical Invariant ◽  
Dimension 2

The Tutte polynomial ${T}_G(X,Y)$ of a graph $G$ is a classical invariant, important in combinatorics and statistical mechanics. An essential feature of the Tutte polynomial is the duality for planar graphs $G$, $T_G(X,Y) = {T}_{G^*}(Y,X)$ where $G^*$ denotes the dual graph. We examine this property from the perspective of manifold topology, formulating polynomial invariants for higher-dimensional simplicial complexes. Polynomial duality for triangulations of a sphere follows as a consequence of Alexander duality. The main goal of this paper is to introduce and begin the study of a more general $4$-variable polynomial for triangulations and handle decompositions of orientable manifolds. Polynomial duality in this case is a consequence of Poincaré duality on manifolds. In dimension 2 these invariants specialize to the well-known polynomial invariants of ribbon graphs defined by B. Bollobás and O. Riordan. Examples and specific evaluations of the polynomials are discussed.

scholarly journals Graphs, Links, and Duality on Surfaces

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
VYACHESLAV KRUSHKAL
Keyword(s):  
Planar Graphs ◽  
Jones Polynomial ◽  
Tutte Polynomial ◽  
Natural Duality ◽  
Polynomial Invariant ◽  
Topological Duality ◽  
Ribbon Graphs ◽  
Virtual Links ◽  
Graphs On Surfaces ◽  
Tutte Polynomials

We introduce a polynomial invariant of graphs on surfaces,PG, generalizing the classical Tutte polynomial. Topological duality on surfaces gives rise to a natural duality result forPG, analogous to the duality for the Tutte polynomial of planar graphs. This property is important from the perspective of statistical mechanics, where the Tutte polynomial is known as the partition function of the Potts model. For ribbon graphs,PGspecializes to the well-known Bollobás–Riordan polynomial, and in fact the two polynomials carry equivalent information in this context. Duality is also established for a multivariate version of the polynomialPG. We then consider a 2-variable version of the Jones polynomial for links in thickened surfaces, taking into account homological information on the surface. An analogue of Thistlethwaite's theorem is established for these generalized Jones and Tutte polynomials for virtual links.

ON TANGLES AND MATROIDS

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (07) ◽  
pp. 919-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEPHEN HUGGETT
Keyword(s):  
Tensor Product ◽  
Planar Graph ◽  
Planar Graphs ◽  
Knot Theory ◽  
Tutte Polynomial ◽  
The Other ◽  
Link Diagram ◽  
Polynomial Invariant ◽  
Link Diagrams ◽  
Alternating Link

Given matroids M and N there are two operations M ⊕2 N and M ⊗ N. When M and N are the cycle matroids of planar graphs these operations have interesting interpretations on the corresponding link diagrams. In fact, given a planar graph there are two well-established methods of generating an alternating link diagram, and in each case the Tutte polynomial of the graph is related to a polynomial invariant (Jones or Homfly) of the link. Switching from one of these methods to the other corresponds in knot theory to tangle insertion in the link diagrams, and in combinatorics to the tensor product of the cycle matroids of the graphs.

scholarly journals The Tutte polynomial of symmetric hyperplane arrangements

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050004
Author(s):  
Hery Randriamaro
Keyword(s):  
Hyperplane Arrangement ◽  
Dual Graph ◽  
Tutte Polynomial ◽  
Hyperplane Arrangements ◽  
Weyl Groups ◽  
Reflection Groups ◽  
Tutte Polynomials ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The Tutte polynomial is originally a bivariate polynomial which enumerates the colorings of a graph and of its dual graph. Ardila extended in 2007 the definition of the Tutte polynomial on the real hyperplane arrangements. He particularly computed the Tutte polynomials of the hyperplane arrangements associated to the classical Weyl groups. Those associated to the exceptional Weyl groups were computed by De Concini and Procesi one year later. This paper has two objectives: On the one side, we extend the Tutte polynomial computing to the complex hyperplane arrangements. On the other side, we introduce a wider class of hyperplane arrangements which is that of the symmetric hyperplane arrangements. Computing the Tutte polynomial of a symmetric hyperplane arrangement permits us to deduce the Tutte polynomials of some hyperplane arrangements, particularly of those associated to the imprimitive reflection groups.

scholarly journals ALL LINK INVARIANTS FOR TWO DIMENSIONAL SOLUTIONS OF YANG–BAXTER EQUATION AND DRESSINGS

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1279-1301
Author(s):  
N. AIZAWA ◽  
M. HARADA ◽  
M. KAWAGUCHI ◽  
E. OTSUKI
Keyword(s):  
Jones Polynomial ◽  
Alexander Polynomial ◽  
Baxter Equation ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Link Invariant ◽  
Three Solutions ◽  
Polynomial Invariants ◽  
Link Invariants ◽  
Higher Dimensional

All polynomial invariants of links for two dimensional solutions of Yang–Baxter equation is constructed by employing Turaev's method. As a consequence, it is proved that the best invariant so constructed is the Jones polynomial and there exist three solutions connecting to the Alexander polynomial. Invariants for higher dimensional solutions, obtained by the so-called dressings, are also investigated. It is observed that the dressings do not improve link invariant unless some restrictions are put on dressed solutions.

Graphs, ribbon graphs, and polynomials

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Adrian Tanasa
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Tutte Polynomial ◽  
Graph Polynomials ◽  
Ribbon Graphs

In this chapter we present some notions of graph theory that will be useful in the rest of the book. It is worth emphasizing that graph theorists and theoretical physicists adopt, unfortunately, different terminologies. We present here both terminologies, such that a sort of dictionary between these two communities can be established. We then extend the notion of graph to that of maps (or of ribbon graphs). Moreover, graph polynomials encoding these structures (the Tutte polynomial for graphs and the Bollobás–Riordan polynomial for ribbon graphs) are presented.

GENERALIZED INDEX POLYNOMIALS FOR VIRTUAL LINKS

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 1250128
Author(s):  
KYEONGHUI LEE ◽  
YOUNG HO IM
Keyword(s):  
Knot Theory ◽  
Recursive Method ◽  
Polynomial Invariant ◽  
Polynomial Invariants ◽  
Virtual Knots ◽  
Virtual Links

We construct some polynomial invariants for virtual links by the recursive method, which are different from the index polynomial invariant defined in [Y. H. Im, K. Lee and S. Y. Lee, Index polynomial invariant of virtual links, J. Knot Theory Ramifications19(5) (2010) 709–725]. We show that these polynomials can distinguish whether virtual knots can be invertible or not although the index polynomial cannot distinguish the invertibility of virtual knots.

scholarly journals Graph polynomials and link invariants as positive type functions on Thompson’s group F

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (02) ◽  
pp. 1950006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriano Aiello ◽  
Roberto Conti
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Proof ◽  
Tutte Polynomial ◽  
Positive Type ◽  
Polynomial Invariants ◽  
Graph Polynomials ◽  
Link Invariants ◽  
Kauffman Bracket ◽  
Model Interpretation ◽  
Mechanics Model ◽  
Thompson’S Group

In a recent paper, Jones introduced a correspondence between elements of the Thompson group [Formula: see text] and certain graphs/links. It follows from his work that several polynomial invariants of links, such as the Kauffman bracket, can be reinterpreted as coefficients of certain unitary representations of [Formula: see text]. We give a somewhat different and elementary proof of this fact for the Kauffman bracket evaluated at certain roots of unity by means of a statistical mechanics model interpretation. Moreover, by similar methods we show that, for some particular specializations of the variables, other familiar link invariants and graph polynomials, namely the number of [Formula: see text]-colorings and the Tutte polynomial, can be viewed as positive definite functions on [Formula: see text].

A general time-dependent invariant for and integrability of the quadratic system

1994 ◽  
Vol 444 (1922) ◽  
pp. 643-650 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Method ◽  
First Integral ◽  
Quadratic System ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Polynomial Invariant ◽  
Polynomial Invariants ◽  
Linear Polynomial ◽  
A Direct Method ◽  
Special Case ◽  
General Time

We derive a general time-dependent invariant (first integral) for the quadratic system (QS) that requires only one condition on the coefficients of the QS. The general invariant could yield asymptotic behaviour of phase-space trajectories. With more conditions imposed on the coefficients, the general invariant reduces to polynomial form and is equivalent to polynomial invariants found using a direct method. For the special case of a linear polynomial invariant where one of the variables is analytically invertible, the solution of the QS is reduced to a quadrature.

KAUFFMAN-TYPE POLYNOMIAL INVARIANTS FOR DOUBLY PERIODIC STRUCTURES

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (06) ◽  
pp. 779-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
SERGEI A. GRISHANOV ◽  
VADIM R. MESHKOV ◽  
ALEXANDER V. OMEL'CHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Structures ◽  
Polynomial Invariant ◽  
Polynomial Invariants ◽  
Doubly Periodic Structures

A two-variable polynomial invariant of non-oriented doubly periodic structures is proposed. A possible application of this polynomial for the classification of textile structures is suggested.

INDEX POLYNOMIAL INVARIANTS OF TWISTED LINKS

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 1340005 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAOKO KAMADA
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Link ◽  
Alternative Definition ◽  
Polynomial Invariant ◽  
Polynomial Invariants ◽  
Intersection Index ◽  
Definition Of

Bourgoin defined the notion of a twisted link. In a sense, it is a non-orientable version of a virtual link. Im, Lee and Lee defined a polynomial invariant of a virtual link by using the virtual intersection index. In this paper, we give an alternative definition of index polynomial by using indices of real crossings and extend it to a twisted links.

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