scholarly journals Strategies to reach marginalized women for cervical cancer screening: A qualitative study of stakeholder perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wood ◽  
A. Lofters ◽  
M. Vahabi
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Primary Screening

Background Self-sampling for human papillomavirus (hpv) has the potential to reach marginalized populations that are underserved for cervical cancer screening. However, before implementing an alternative screening strategy such as self-sampling for under- and never-screened women, the key processes, facilitators, and barriers to reform need to be understood.Methods A descriptive qualitative study was conducted that involved semi-structured interviews with Canadian and international cancer screening health care providers and policy-makers. Respondents were purposively selected from a list of thirty stakeholders generated through an environmental scan. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using directed content analysis.Results Nineteen stakeholders participated in the interviews. Most respondents thought that self-sampling was an appropriate cervical screening alternative for hard-to-reach populations, as it addressed barriers to cervical screening related to various social determinants of health. All respondents emphasized that transitioning to hpv primary screening would catalyze a policy shift towards self-sampling. Clinician respondents were less enthusiastic about self-sampling strategies since that discouraged women’s appointments with primary care providers, because cervical screening offered an opportunity to discuss other preventive health topics. There also was little consensus between respondents on whether the state of evidence was satisfactory to integrate a self-sampling option into policy, or whether more Canadian research was needed.Conclusion Canadian cervical cancer screening stakeholders should collaborate to identify the knowledge gaps that researchers should address and leverage the existing literature to implement tailored, patient-centred alternative cervical screening strategies. The transition to hpv primary screening would be a key first step in the broad implementation of hpv self-sampling in Canada.

Knowledge and Practice of Cervical Cancer Screening among Women in Orlu Local Government Area, Imo State, Nigeria.

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Jude Egwurugwu ◽  
S.D. Ejikunle ◽  
E.I. Dike ◽  
M.C. Ohamaeme ◽  
Jude Egwurugwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Background: Cervical cancer is the 2nd commonest cancer among women worldwide and the most common cancer among women in developing countries like Nigeria. Though preventable by screening for premalignant and early cervical lesions, this is predicated on the knowledge and practice of a cervical screening. Objective: To assess the knowledge and practice of cervical cancer screening among women in Orlu, Local Government Area(LGA) Imo State, Nigeria. Materials & Methods: A community based cross-sectional study with the use of 502 interviewer – administered questionnaires was conducted among women in Orlu LGA of Imo State. All the women in the communities attending the annual August Meeting who consented were recruited for this study. Results: The study showed that the mean age of the respondents was 42±2.8years. Furthermore, 82.3% of respondents attained postsecondary school educational level, 61.8% & 21.1% were multiparous and grand multiparous respectively. Also, 80.5% of respondents have heard about cervical cancer screening. Majority (67.5%) of these respondents heard it from health care providers. There was a positive statistically significant relationship between educational status and the likelihood of having knowledge of cervical cancer screening, (p< 0.01). The level of practice of cervical cancer screening was very low among the respondents(13.5%).Though majority of the respondents have high level of educational attainment this did not reflect their practice of cervical cancer screening. Conclusion: There was high knowledge of cervical cancer and cervical screening modalities among women in Orlu but their practice of cervical cancer screening was very low. There is an urgent need to educate and encourage women on the benefits of cervical cancer screening. Key words: cervical cancer, knowledge, Practice, Orlu women, Screening.

scholarly journals “They Should Be Asking Us”: A Qualitative Decisional Needs Assessment for Women Considering Cervical Cancer Screening

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 233339361878363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianne Wood ◽  
Virginia L. Russell ◽  
Ziad El-Khatib ◽  
Susan McFaul ◽  
Monica Taljaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Shared Decision Making ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Care Providers

In this study, we examine from multiple perspectives, women’s shared decision-making needs when considering cervical screening options: Pap testing, in-clinic human papillomavirus (HPV) testing, self-collected HPV testing, or no screening. The Ottawa Decision Support Framework guided the development of the interview schedule. We conducted semi-structured interviews with seven screen-eligible women and five health care professionals (three health care providers and two health system managers). Women did not perceive that cervical screening involves a “decision,” which limited their knowledge of options, risks, and benefits. Women and health professionals emphasized how a trusted primary care provider can support women making a choice among cervical screening modalities. Having all cervical screening options recommended and funded was perceived as an important step to facilitate shared decision making. Supporting women in making preference-based decisions in cervical cancer screening may increase screening among those who do not undergo screening regularly and decrease uptake in women who are over-screened.

Self-Sampling Devices for HPV Testing

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Clark ◽  
Jennifer Horton
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Available Information

This Horizon Scan summarized the available information regarding the use of self-sampling devices for HPV testing as part of cervical cancer screening programs. HPV testing for primary cervical cancer screening is not currently a part of any Canadian screening programs. However, several provinces are in the process of implementation and some pilot testing. Self-sampling is generally as accurate as clinician-collected sampling for HPV testing. Self-sampling devices for HPV testing could likely be used to increase participation in cervical cancer screening programs. Self-sampling for primary HPV screening was highly acceptable to study participants. Culturally appropriate care, appropriate educational materials, and providing people with choice in the screening process may contribute to increased uptake of cervical cancer screening. Health care providers identified self-sampling as an area where they might benefit from increased knowledge and training.

scholarly journals Women’s perceived susceptibility to and utilisation of cervical cancer screening services in Malawi

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Y. Hami ◽  
Valerie J. Ehlers ◽  
Dirk M. Van der Wal
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Screening Services

Background: Malawi provides cervical cancer screening services free of charge at some public health facilities. Few women make use of these cancer screening services in Malawi and many women continue to be diagnosed with cervical cancer only during the late inoperable stages of the condition. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to discover whether the perceived susceptibility to cervical cancer, amongst Malawian women aged 42 and older, influenced their intentions to utilise the available free cervical cancer screening services.Method: A quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive study design was adopted. Structured interviews were conducted with 381 women who visited 3 health centres in the Blantyre District of Malawi.Results: A statistically-significant association existed between women’s intentions to be screened for cervical cancer and their knowledge about cervical cancer (X² = 8.9; df = 1; p = 0.003) and with having heard about HPV infection (X² = 4.2; df = 1; p = 0.041) at the 5% significance level. Cervical cancer screening services are provided free of charge in government health institutions in Malawi. Nevertheless, low perceived susceptibility to cervical cancer amongst women, aged 42 and older, might contribute to limited utilisation of cervical screening services, explaining why 80% of cervical cancer patients in Malawi were diagnosed during the late inoperable stages.Conclusion: Malawian women lacked awareness regarding their susceptibility to cervical cancer and required information about the available cervical cancer screening services. Malawi’s women, aged 42 and older, must be informed about the advantages of cervical cancer screening and about the importance of effective treatment if an early diagnosis has been made. Women aged 42 and older rarely attend antenatal, post-natal, well baby or family-planning clinics, where health education about cervical cancer screening is often provided. Consequently, these women aged 42 and older should be informed about cervical screening tests when they utilise any health services.Vroue se vermeende vatbaarheid en benutting van servikale kanker dienste in Malawi Agtergrond: Malawi verskaf gratis servikale kanker siftings dienste by sommige openbare gesondheids instansies. Min vrouens maak gebruik van die kanker siftings dienste in Malawi en baie vrouens word steeds gediagnoseer met servikale kanker tydens die laat onopereerbare fases van die toestand.Doelwitte: Die doel van die studie was was om te bepaal of Malawiese vrouens wat 42 en ouer is se waargenome vatbaarheid vir servikale kanker hulle beïnvleod om beskikbare gratis servikale siftingsdienste te gebruik. ’n Kwantitatiwe, deursnee beskrywende navorsingsontwerp was gekies.Metode: Gestruktureerde onderhoude is met 381 vrouens gevoer wat drie gesondheidsdiensentrums in die Blantyre Distrik van Malawi besoek het.Resultate: ’n Statistiese beduidende verhouding het bestaan tussen vrouens se voornemens om vir servikale kanker getoets te word en hulle kennis oor servikale kanker (X² = 8.9; df = 1; p = 0.003) en dat hulle al gehoor het van MPV infeksies (X² = 4.2; df = 1; p = 0.041) op die 5% vlak van beduidenis. Servikale kanker siftingsdienste is gratis beskikbaar in openbare gesondheidsdiensinrigtings in Malawi. Desnieteenstaande was daar ’n lae waargenome risiko van servikale kanker onder vrouens wat 42 jaar oud en ouer was en dit het bygedra tot die beperkte benutting van siftingsdienste, wat verduidelik waarom 80% van servikale kankergevalle in Malawi gedurende die laat onopereerbare fases gediagnoseer is.Gevolgtrekkings: Malawiese vrouens was onbewus van hulle vatbaarheid vir servikale kanker en het inligting benodig oor servikale kanker siftingsdienste. Malawi se vrouens wat 42 jaar oud en ouer is, moet ingelig word aangaande die voordele van servikale sifting en die belangrikheid van effektiewe behandeling indien ’n vroë diagnose gemaak is. Vrouens van 42 of ouer benut selde voorgeboorte, nageboorte gesonde baba, of gesinsbeplanningsklinieke waar voorliging aangaande servickale kanker verskaf word. Gevolglik behoort die vrouens ingelig te word oor servikale siftingstoetse wanneer hulle enige gesondheidsdienste benut.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Perceived Risk of Cervical Cancer Among Kenyan Women: Brief Report

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Staci L. Sudenga ◽  
Anne F. Rositch ◽  
Walter A. Otieno ◽  
Jennifer S. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

ObjectivesEastern Africa has the highest incidence and mortality rates from cervical cancer worldwide. It is important to describe the differences among women and their perceived risk of cervical cancer to determine target groups to increase cervical cancer screening.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we surveyed women seeking reproductive health services in Kisumu, Kenya to assess their perceived risk of cervical cancer and risk factors influencing cervical cancer screening uptake. χ2 statistics and t tests were used to determine significant factors, which were incorporated into a logistic model to determine factors independently associated with cervical cancer risk perception.ResultsWhereas 91% of the surveyed women had heard of cancer, only 29% of the 388 surveyed women had previously heard of cervical cancer. Most had received their information from health care workers. Few women (6%) had ever been screened for cervical cancer and cited barriers such as fear, time, and lack of knowledge about cervical cancer. Nearly all previously screened women (22/24 [92%]) believed that cervical cancer was curable if detected early and that screening should be conducted annually (86%). Most women (254/388 [65%]) felt they were at risk for cervical cancer. Women with perceived risk of cervical cancer were older (odds ratio [OR], 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02–1.10), reported a history of marriage (OR, 2.08; CI, 1.00–4.30), were less likely to feel adequately informed about cervical cancer by health care providers (OR, 0.76; CI, 0.18–0.83), and more likely to intend to have cervical cancer screening in the future (OR, 10.59; CI, 3.96–28.30). Only 5% of the women reported that they would not be willing to undergo screening regardless of cost.ConclusionsCervical cancer is a major health burden for women in sub-Saharan Africa, yet only one third of the women had ever heard of cervical cancer in Kisumu, Kenya. Understanding factors associated with women’s perceived risk of cervical cancer could guide future educational and clinical interventions to increase cervical cancer screening.

scholarly journals Ending Cervical Cancer Screening in Low-Risk Women After Age 65

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 233339281875524
Author(s):  
Emily Boone ◽  
Michael Karp ◽  
LaVonna Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Low Risk Women

Background: Current evidence-based cervical cancer testing guidelines recommend that screening of low-risk women ceases after age 65. Despite this, research suggests that continued testing by primary care providers remains common and represents unnecessary patient discomfort, cost, and consumption of valuable primary care resources. Objective: To understand why primary care providers might knowingly ignore consensus evidence-based screening guidelines for cervical cancer in low-risk women of this age-group and to identify barriers to adherence with best practice recommendations. Methods: A survey tool to identify barriers to adherence with current guidelines for cervical cancer screening in low-risk women older than age 65 was mailed to 4929 randomly selected primary care providers throughout California. Providers were asked to indicate the predominant reason(s) they might knowingly continue cervical cancer screening in women older than 65 years, despite evidence-based recommendations to the contrary. Results: Qualified surveys were received from 1259 (25.5%) of those surveyed, representing primary care providers of all types, practicing in areas of vastly different demographics. Despite published reassurance to the contrary, many providers retain fear that discontinuation of testing in low-risk women after age 65 may result in missed invasive cervical cancer. Even among health-care providers who agree that cessation of screening is safe, other circumstances prompt their recommendation to continue cervical screening. Conclusion: Although the data from this study suggest areas of policy intervention to lessen unnecessary cervical cancer screening, the broader implication is that advancement of evidence-based medicine will be of little value in improving the quality and cost of health care if barriers to guideline adherence are poorly understood and addressed.

scholarly journals Enacting power and constructing gender in cervical cancer screening encounters between transmasculine patients and health care providers

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1315-1332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Peitzmeier ◽  
Ida M. Bernstein ◽  
Michal J. McDowell ◽  
Dana J. Pardee ◽  
Madina Agénor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Care Providers

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes, and practices among healthcare providers on cervical cancer, human papilloma virus and it’s vaccine at ESI PGIMSR, MGM Hospital Parel Mumbai, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3855
Author(s):  
Jaya K. Gedam ◽  
Disha A. Rajput
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Route Of Transmission

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cause of cancer in females Worldwide and nearly 85% of the cervical cancer cases are diagnosed in developing countries. The health care providers can play an important role in promoting cervical cancer screening and knowledge about HPV vaccination. So this study was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination and to analyze the factors influencing the knowledge about HPV vaccination, among nursing staff.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 143 nurses and 75nursing students (total 218) at ESIPGIMSR MGM Hospital, Parel Mumbai. Data was collected using Questionnaire, designed based on the study objectives.Results: 73 (33.49%) of the nurses did received education on cervical cancer and HPV in the past. Most of the nurses, 184 (84.4%) considered that they were at no risk of cervical cancer. 143 (65.60%) nurses knew that Pap smear can be done to screen patients. Out of 141 married nurses, only 39 (27.28%) regularly had a gynaecological examination and 105 (74.47%) had never done Pap smear. In addition, 119 (54.59%) participants did not know at what age Pap smear should commence. Only 73 (33.49%) nurses knew about the route of transmission of HPV and 57 (26.15%) knew about HPV vaccine. 215 (98.62%) nurses did not receive an HPV vaccine.Conclusions: The nurses and nursing students did not have prior adequate education on cervical cancer, HPV, and vaccine and the desired level of knowledge on risk factors and signs of cervical cancer and prevention of the disease.

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