Curly Birch: A Variety or a Separate Species?

The European Honey-buzzard (Pernis apivorus) was first accurately described and clearly distinguished from the Common Buzzard (Buteo buteo) by Francis Willughby and John Ray in their Ornithology, originally published in Latin in 1676. Alfred Newton's statement that Pierre Belon had described the species over a century earlier is not entirely correct, as Belon confused this honey-buzzard's features with those of the common buzzard and even appeared uncertain whether it was a separate species. One of Willughby's important contributions to ornithology was the identification and use of “characteristic marks” to distinguish and identify species, including those that distinguish the European Honey-buzzard from the Common Buzzard. Because Willughby provided the first accurate description of Pernis apivorus – and because his contribution to ornithology has never been formally recognized – we propose that the common name of the European Honey-buzzard be changed to Willughby's Buzzard.

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An importance of soil humidification in forming of avifauna of arboreal plantation in the Biosphere reserve «Askania Nova» (un-reproductive period)

Ecology and Noospherology ◽

10.15421/031614 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (3-4) ◽

pp. 55-69

Author(s):

M. A. Listopadsky

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Influence Factors ◽

Data Communication ◽

Biosphere Reserve ◽

Reproductive Period ◽

Defined Contribution ◽

Separate Species ◽

Steppe Birds ◽

Reserve Forest ◽

Autumn And Winter

With gradient analysis investigated the role of soil moisture in the formation of the modern population of birds in the reserve forest plantations. Soil moisture was divided into seven grades. For this purpose used grass cover and the coefficient of local moistening. His proposed PhD L. P. Travleev. This method allows knowing the degree of influence of soil moisture at the birds. We analyzed birds species composition, population, placement in space and power of influence factors (soil moisture). Investigations were carried out on the territory of the Biosphere Reserve «Askania Nova». We studied the birds which live in the reserve at the end of the summer, autumn and winter. This happened from 2006 to 2013 years. Specially was studied as permanently specific form of birds is found in a particular humidity. The degree of coupling was studied using the amount of information that transmits to the local bird humidification. For 68 species of birds are the options of the population density, coefficient koligatsii and data communication with the seven variants of soil moisture. For all kinds of set information «price» of each option dampening that contributes to the formation of a particular community of birds. Thus, the defined contribution to the formation of soil moisture forest bird communities. Species representation and density gradient within the test moisture is not in direct linear relationship from moisture and ranges from 11 (very coldly) to 50 species (moist soil). The density of the community varies from 0,5 birds / hectare (very dry) to 269 birds / hectare (fresh soil). The strongest link between the information and the formation of moisture gradient structure avifauna is typical in a fresh soil – bird on the edge, and wet – forest representatives. These types of humidification function is performed starting in the formation of two major blocks dendrophilous community. The steppe birds give way to forest representatives when the soil slightly moist. The main conclusion of our study includes the following: than wetter the soil the more species of birds lives in the forest; some graduation humidity are the most important for separate species of birds; it is very important for birds, there are places where one can drink water. Further invasive alien species can occur where the soil is moist. Forest with dry soil is already fully occupied by birds.

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Analysis of the differences between Syntormon pallipes and S. pseudospicatus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae): morphological and molecular data

Zoosystematica Rossica ◽

10.31610/zsr/2019.28.2.305 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 305-316

Author(s):

M.A. Chursina ◽

I.Ya. Grichanov

Keyword(s):

Dna Analysis ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Wing Shape ◽

Morphological Data ◽

12S Rrna ◽

Separate Species ◽

Geometric Morphometric ◽

Geometric Morphometric Analysis ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data

The recent catalogues of the family Dolichopodidae considered Syntormon pallipes (Fabricius, 1794) and S. pseudospicatus Strobl, 1899 as separate species. In this study, we used three approaches to estimate the significance of differences between the two species: molecular analysis (COI and 12S rRNA sequences), analysis of leg colour characters and geometric morphometric analysis of wing shape. The morphological data confirmed the absence of significant differences between S. pallipes and S. pseudospicatus found in the DNA analysis. Significant differences in the wing shape of two species have not been revealed. Hence, according to our data, there is no reason to consider S. pseudospicatus as a distinct species.

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Taxonomic revision of the South Asian River dolphins ( Platanista ): Indus and Ganges River dolphins are separate species

Marine Mammal Science ◽

10.1111/mms.12801 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gill T. Braulik ◽

Frederick I. Archer ◽

Uzma Khan ◽

Mohammad Imran ◽

Ravindra K. Sinha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Asian ◽

Taxonomic Revision ◽

Ganges River ◽

The South ◽

Separate Species

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Metabolomics and DNA-Based Authentication of Two Traditional Asian Medicinal and Aromatic Species of Salvia subg. Perovskia

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10010112 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 112

Author(s):

Monika Bielecka ◽

Bartosz Pencakowski ◽

Marta Stafiniak ◽

Klemens Jakubowski ◽

Mehdi Rahimmalek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Barcoding ◽

High Performance ◽

Carnosic Acid ◽

Limited Information ◽

Metabolomic Analysis ◽

Separate Species ◽

Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Central Asian ◽

Aromatic Species

Subgenus Perovskia of the extended genus of Salvia comprises several Central Asian medicinal and aromatic species, of which S. yangii and S. abrotanoides are the most widespread. These plants are cultivated in Europe as robust ornamentals, and several cultivars are available. However, their medicinal potential remains underutilized because of limited information about their phytochemical and genetic diversity. Thus, we combined an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) based metabolomics with DNA barcoding approach based on trnH-psbA and ITS2 barcodes to clarify the relationships between these two taxa. Metabolomic analysis demonstrated that aerial parts are more similar than roots and none of the major compounds stand out as distinct. Sugiol in S. yangii leaves and carnosic acid quinone in S. abrotanoides were mostly responsible for their chemical differentiation, whereas in roots the distinction was supported by the presence of five norditerpenoids in S. yangii and two flavonoids and one norditerpenoid in S. abrotanoides. To verify the metabolomics-based differentiation, we performed DNA authentication that revealed S. yangii and S. abrotanoides to be very closely related but separate species. We demonstrated that DNA barcoding coupled with parallel LC-MS profiling constitutes a powerful tool in identification of taxonomically close Salvia species.

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Disentangling Species Delineation and Guiding Conservation of Endangered Magnolias in Veracruz, Mexico

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10040673 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 673

Author(s):

Fabián Augusto Aldaba Aldaba Núñez ◽

Emily Veltjen ◽

Esteban Manuel Martínez Martínez Salas ◽

Marie-Stéphanie Samain

Keyword(s):

Conservation Status ◽

Full Range ◽

Genetic Evidence ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Volcanic Area ◽

Conservation Units ◽

Separate Species ◽

Representative Sampling ◽

Conservation Projects ◽

Very High

The Mexican state of Veracruz has suffered very high deforestation rates in the last few decades, and despite the establishment of protected areas and conservation projects, primary forest is now mainly persisting in mostly small, scattered, fragmented remnants. New species of Magnolia section Talauma in this state have been described with little to no reference to the already existing ones, potentially resulting in over-splitting, obscuring their taxonomic delineation and conservation status, and consequently conservation programs. To study the conservation units and their genetic diversity, we here employ 15 microsatellite markers on a highly representative sampling of 254 individuals of what are presumed to be five Magnolia species. The results support at least three species and maximum five main conservation units. We propose downgrading the latter to four, given morphological, ecological, demographical, and geographical considerations. Two out of the three sympatrically occurring species in the rainforest in the Los Tuxtlas volcanic area have weak genetic evidence to be considered separate species. Similarly, the individuals in the Sierra de Zongolica in central Veracruz, who bear a very high morphological and genetic similarity to Magnolia mexicana, have weak genetic evidence to be recognised as a separate species. Nonetheless, the individuals could be identified as Magnolia decastroi based on morphology, and further research including the full range of this species is recommended.

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Re-allocation of two south Chinese species of Argyrodiaptomus Brehm, 1933 to Sinodiaptomus Kiefer, 1932, and biogeography of the genus Sinodiaptomus (Copepoda, Calanoida, Diaptomidae)

Crustaceana ◽

10.1163/15685403-00003279 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 87 (3) ◽

pp. 328-339 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hui Ming Li ◽

Bo Ping Han ◽

Fei Fei Guo ◽

Henri J. Dumont

Keyword(s):

North China ◽

South India ◽

Guangdong Province ◽

South American ◽

Separate Species ◽

The Caucasus ◽

Western Group ◽

Cave Environment ◽

New Material ◽

East Anatolia

In 1964 and 1965, Shen & Tai described two species of calanoids, which they classified in the South American genus Argyrodiaptomus. We examined new material from the terra typica, South China, and show that both species belong in the Asian genus Sinodiaptomus. A biogeographic anomaly is thus corrected. Moreover, the two appear to be sister species and males are morphologically well separable. No intermediate morphotypes have so far been detected. S. cavernicolax (Shen & Tai, 1965), known only from the type locality, was claimed to be cavernicolous, but shows no stygobitic adaptations, and has eyes. It may have been pushed back into the cave environment by its congener S. ferus (Shen & Tai, 1964) with which it coexists in the same lake system. So far, four species of Sinodiaptomus have been found in China: the two mentioned above, i.e., S. cavernicolax only in Longyan Cave of Zhaoqing City, and S. ferus at about five locations, but its range is limited to a small part of Guangdong Province. All five other species of Sinodiaptomus, among which the other two that occur (also) in China, also occupy small to very small ranges, with the type species (S. chaffanjoni Richard, 1897) only living in North China, and S. indicus Kiefer, 1936 and S. mahanandiensis Reddy & Radhakrishna, 1980 confined to South India (Reddy & Radhakrishna, 1980). S. valkanovi Kiefer, 1938 from Japan is invasive (Ueda & Ohtsuka, 1998; Makino et al., 2010). S. sarsi Rylov, 1923, distributed in Japan, China, and most of Mongolia, is separated by a wide disjunction from a group of populations in Iran, the Caucasus, and East Anatolia. This western group of populations might be a separate species and deserves more study.

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Intercontinental differentiation in Medicago rigidula

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b90-329 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 68 (12) ◽

pp. 2607-2613 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ernest Small ◽

Brenda Brookes ◽

Eric J. Crawford

Keyword(s):

Chromosome Number ◽

North Africa ◽

Separate Species ◽

Spine Morphology ◽

Medicago Rigidula

European and Asian plants assignable to Medicago rigidula (L.) All., as this species is currently interpreted, were found to differ morphologically. Indeed, a combination of morphological, geographical, and interbreeding evidence supports the recognition of the European and Asian plants presently interpreted as M. rigidula as separate species. The best characters for distinguishing plants of the two continents are number of pollen pores (pollen consistently 3-pored in European plants, and consistently 4-pored in Asian plants), number of coils in the pod (averaging 4.5 in European plants, 5.5 in Asian), and fruit spine morphology (usually more hooked and longer in European compared to Asian plants). Plants of North Africa require further study, but the specimens examined were generally closer to European than to Asian plants. The chromosome number of 28 Asian collections, 24 European collections, and 3 African collections was constant, with n = 7.

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Morphological and taxonomical review of the genus Nirmides Hering (Lepidoptera, Limacodidae) with description of eight new species

Insect Systematics & Evolution ◽

10.1163/1876312x-45012111 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 1-36

Author(s):

Alexey V. Solovyev

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Male Genitalia ◽

The Philippines ◽

Andaman Islands ◽

Key To Species ◽

Separate Species ◽

New Synonymy

The genus Nirmides Hering, 1931 is revised. Nowadays it includes 17 species, known from Thailand, Vietnam and the Andamans to the Philippines. Eight species are described as new to science: N. siamasp. n. (Thailand), N. ihleisp. n. (Thailand), N. dianasp. n. (Andaman Islands), N. samaressp. n. (Philippines, Samar), N. lourensisp. n. (Philippines, Luzon), N. similissp. n. (Philippines, Mindanao), N. kanlaonensissp. n. (Philippines, Negros), and N. hollowayisp. n. (Borneo). Lectotypes are designated for Susica basalis Walker, 1862 and Nirmides basalis f. fusca Hering, 1931. The taxon Nirma micron van Eecke, 1929 is removed from synonymy with Nirmides basalis (Walker, 1862) and restored to a separate species. A new synonymy is proposed: Nirmides micron (van Eecke, 1929) = Nirmides manwahi Holloway, 1990, syn. n. The homology of the sclerites of the male genitalia is discussed; the musculature of the male genitalia is examined. A key to species is given.

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A new species of Anemopaegma (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae) from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.219.2.7 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 219 (2) ◽

pp. 174

Author(s):

Fabiana Firetti Leggieri ◽

DIEGO DEMARCO ◽

LÚCIA G. LOHMANN

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Species Diversity ◽

Biodiversity Conservation ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

Axillary Buds ◽

Spongy Parenchyma ◽

Palisade Parenchyma ◽

Separate Species ◽

Anatomical Studies ◽

A New Species

The Atlantic Forest of Brazil includes one of the highest species diversity and endemism in the planet, representing a priority for biodiversity conservation. A new species of Anemopaegma from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil is here described, illustrated and compared to its closest relatives. Anemopaegma nebulosum Firetti-Leggieri & L.G. Lohmann has been traditionally treated as a morph of Anemopaegma prostratum; however, additional morphological and anatomical studies indicated that A. nebulosum differs significantly from A. prostratum and is best treated as a separate species. More specifically, A. nebulosum is characterized by elliptic and coriaceous leaflets (vs. ovate to orbicular and membranaceous in A. prostratum), smaller leaflet blades (3.6–5.5 x 2.0–3.0 cm vs. 6.7–13.0 x 4.2–8.4 cm in A. prostratum), orbicular prophylls of the axillary buds (vs. no prophylls in A. prostratum), solitary flowers (vs. multi-flowered axillary racemes in A. prostratum) and a gibbous corolla (vs. infundibuliform corollas in A. prostratum). In addition, A. nebulosum differs from A. prostratum anatomically in having thicker leaflet blades composed of two to four layers of palisade parenchyma (vs. one to three layers in A. prostratum), and seven to eight layers in the spongy parenchyma (vs. six to eight layers in A. prostratum). A key for the identification of all species of Anemopaegma from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil is presented.

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