scholarly journals The effects of root frequency, word frequency, and length on the processing of prefixed English words during reading

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Niswander-Klement ◽  
Alexander Pollatsek
Keyword(s):  
Word Frequency ◽  
Frequency Word ◽  
Root Frequency

Picture-naming agreement in monolingulas and biliguals

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith P. Goggin ◽  
Patricia Estrada ◽  
Ronald P. Villarreal
Keyword(s):  
Word Frequency ◽  
Picture Naming ◽  
Word Length ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Language Skill ◽  
Frequency Word ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Name Agreement ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTName agreement in Spanish and English in response to 264 pictures was assessed in monolinguals and in bilinguals, who varied in rated skill in the two languages. Most of the pictures were adapted from a standardized set of line drawings of common objects (Snodgrass & Vanderwart, 1980). Name agreement decreased as language skill decreased, and agreement was lower when labels were given in Spanish rather than in English. The relationship between name agreement and word frequency, word length, and (in the case of English) age of acquisition was assessed; both word frequency and word length were found to be related to agreement. Modal responses given by monolingual subjects were nearly identical in the two languages, and the types of non-modal responses were affected by both naming language and language skill.

N-Clustering of Text Documents Using Graph Mining Techniques

2021 ◽  
pp. 828-846
Author(s):  
Bapuji Rao
Keyword(s):  
Word Frequency ◽  
Graph Mining ◽  
Incidence Matrix ◽  
Input Word ◽  
Text Documents ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Frequency Word ◽  
N Input ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Selection Of

The chapter is about the clustering of text documents based on the input of the n-number of words on the m-number of text documents using graph mining techniques. The author has proposed an algorithm for clustering of text documents by inputting n-number of words on m-number of text documents. First of all the proposed algorithm starts the selection of documents with extension name “.txt” from m-numbers of documents having various types of extension names. The n-number of words are input on the selected “.txt” documents, the algorithm starts n-clustering of text documents based on an n-input word. This is possible by way of creation of a document-word frequency matrix in the memory. Then the frequency-word table is converted into the un-oriented document-word incidence matrix by replacing all non-zeros with 1s. Using the un-oriented document-word incidence matrix, the algorithm starts the creation of n-number of clusters of text documents having the presence of words ranging from 1 to n respectively. Finally, these n-clusters based on word-wise as well as 1 to n word-wise.

The effect of word frequency, word predictability, and font difficulty on the eye movements of young and older readers.

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Rayner ◽  
Erik D. Reichle ◽  
Michael J. Stroud ◽  
Carrick C. Williams ◽  
Alexander Pollatsek
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Word Frequency ◽  
Frequency Word ◽  
Word Predictability

Models of Lexical Access in Visual Word Recognition

1982 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Besner ◽  
Margaret Swan
Keyword(s):  
Word Recognition ◽  
Lexical Decision ◽  
Word Frequency ◽  
Lexical Access ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Frequency Word ◽  
Word Repetition ◽  
Word Context ◽  
Stimulus Degradation ◽  
Verification Model

This paper reviews the ability of Morton's Logogen model and Becker's Verification model to accommodate RT data from the lexical decision literature. While both of the models can account for the simple effects of word frequency, word context and word repetition, Morton's Logogen model can not account for some of the patterns of additivity and interaction when the effects of stimulus degradation are considered. An experiment on lexical decision is then reported in which stimulus degradation and repetition are factorially varied; degradation and repetition are shown to be interacting factors. These results are inconsistent with the Verification model but consistent with the Logogen model. Finally, further versions of both the Logogen and Verification models are considered and possible multiple sources are proposed to account for the effects of degradation, repetition and word frequency.

scholarly journals The Effects Of Communication Mediums On The Evolution Of Modern And Contemporary Western Poetry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Ostapchuk
Keyword(s):  
Word Frequency ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Frequency Word ◽  
The Past ◽  
Over Time

This study analyses how popular communication mediums over the past century have changed the form and content of poetry. A periodical and small magazine published in 1912 are assessed and compared, as well as an anthology and several poems from Instagram published in 2014. All poems are also briefly compared to get an understanding of change over time. Medium affordances are considered, especially with respect to multimodal capacities. By assessing vocabulary density, word frequency, word distinctiveness, and visual formatting, characteristics of poetry from specific mediums arise, leading to a conclusion that mediums have an effect on the evolution of poetry.

Associative Factors in Free Recall

1970 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Matthews ◽  
K. Manasse
Keyword(s):  
Free Recall ◽  
Word Frequency ◽  
Group Size ◽  
Frequency Word ◽  
Storage Model ◽  
Word Lists ◽  
Made In

An experiment on the free recall of 18-word lists is reported in which variations were made in associative frequency, word frequency and the number, and therefore size, of the presented groups. Recall efficiency was positively related to increasing associative frequency and larger presented group size. Measures of clustering were obtained along with subjects’ own reports on the associative labels helpful to them in organizing their recall. A two-level storage model is proposed to account for the results.

scholarly journals The Effects Of Communication Mediums On The Evolution Of Modern And Contemporary Western Poetry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Ostapchuk
Keyword(s):  
Word Frequency ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Frequency Word ◽  
The Past ◽  
Over Time

This study analyses how popular communication mediums over the past century have changed the form and content of poetry. A periodical and small magazine published in 1912 are assessed and compared, as well as an anthology and several poems from Instagram published in 2014. All poems are also briefly compared to get an understanding of change over time. Medium affordances are considered, especially with respect to multimodal capacities. By assessing vocabulary density, word frequency, word distinctiveness, and visual formatting, characteristics of poetry from specific mediums arise, leading to a conclusion that mediums have an effect on the evolution of poetry.

Pseudohomophone Naming and the Word Frequency Effect

1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Taft ◽  
Bruce Russell
Keyword(s):  
Word Frequency ◽  
Lexical Processing ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Frequency Effect ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Word Frequency Effect ◽  
Alternative Account ◽  
Frequency Word ◽  
Lexical Route

An experiment by McCann and Besner (1987) suggested that non-words that are homophonic with a high-frequency word (e.g. “keap”) are named in the same amount of time as non-words that are homophonic with a low-frequency word (e.g. “fome”), despite such pseudohomophones being faster to name than non-pseudohomophones (e.g. “feap”, “yome”). Such a result is a challenge to any model of lexical processing that places the word-frequency effect at the stage when the word is being selected from amongst all lexical entries. McCann and Besner propose a complex alternative account where frequency effects arise at a later stage of processing, a stage that is not involved in the naming of pseudohomophones. The purpose of the present study is to look for a frequency effect in the naming of pseudohomophones, controlling for orthographic factors that McCann and Besner ignored. The first experiment, using a homophone decision task, establishes a set of items that produce a clear frequency effect. These items are then used in a naming experiment which also reveals a clear frequency effect for those subjects who make use of a lexical route when pronouncing pseudohomophones. It is concluded from this that the complex model developed by McCann and Besner is unnecessary.

scholarly journals Do children acquire dense neighborhoods? An investigation of similarity neighborhoods in lexical acquisition

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
HOLLY L. STORKEL
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Word Frequency ◽  
Word Length ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Neighborhood Density ◽  
Lexical Acquisition ◽  
Frequency Word ◽  
Similar Word ◽  
Word Forms

This study tests the claim that children acquire collections of phonologically similar word forms, namely, dense neighborhoods. Age of acquisition (AoA) norms were obtained from two databases: parent report of infant and toddler production and adult self-ratings of AoA. Neighborhood density, word frequency, word length, Density×Frequency and Density×Length were analyzed as potential predictors of AoA using linear regression. Early acquired words were higher in density, higher in word frequency, and shorter in length than late acquired words. Significant interactions provided evidence that the lexical factors predicting AoA varied, depending on the type of word being learned. The implication of these findings for lexical acquisition and language learning are discussed.

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