scholarly journals Effects of emotional study context on immediate and delayed recognition memory: Evidence from event-related potentials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Katharina Kuhn ◽  
Regine Bader ◽  
Axel Mecklinger
Keyword(s):  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Test Phase ◽  
Item Memory ◽  
Significant Evidence ◽  
Emotional Context ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Delayed Recognition ◽  
Study Context

AbstractWhilst research has largely focused on the recognition of emotional items, emotion may be a more subtle part of our surroundings and conveyed by context rather than by items. Using ERPs, we investigated which effects an arousing context during encoding may have for item-context binding and subsequent familiarity-based and recollection-based item-memory. It has been suggested that arousal could facilitate item-context bindings and by this enhance the contribution of recollection to subsequent memory judgements. Alternatively, arousal could shift attention onto central features of a scene and by this foster unitisation during encoding. This could boost the contribution of familiarity to remembering. Participants learnt neutral objects paired with ecologically highly valid emotional faces whose names later served as neutral cues during an immediate and delayed test phase. Participants identified objects faster when they had originally been studied together with emotional context faces. Items with both neutral and emotional context elicited an early frontal ERP old/new difference (200-400 ms). Neither the neurophysiological correlate for familiarity nor recollection were specific to emotionality. For the ERP correlate of recollection, we found an interaction between stimulus type and day, suggesting that this measure decreased to a larger extend on Day 2 compared with Day 1. However, we did not find direct evidence for delayed forgetting of items encoded in emotional contexts at Day 2. Emotion at encoding might make retrieval of items with emotional context more readily accessible, but we found no significant evidence that emotional context either facilitated familiarity-based or recollection-based item-memory after a delay of 24 h.

scholarly journals Neuropsychology of facial expressions. The role of consciousness in processing emotional faces

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Balconi
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Unconscious Processing ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Facial Expression Of Emotion ◽  
Expression Of Emotion ◽  
Brain Correlates ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Emotional Face

Neuropsychological studies have underlined the significant presence of distinct brain correlates deputed to analyze facial expression of emotion. It was observed that some cerebral circuits were considered as specific for emotional face comprehension as a function of conscious vs. unconscious processing of emotional information. Moreover, the emotional content of faces (i.e. positive vs. negative; more or less arousing) may have an effect in activating specific cortical networks. Between the others, recent studies have explained the contribution of hemispheres in comprehending face, as a function of type of emotions (mainly related to the distinction positive vs. negative) and of specific tasks (comprehending vs. producing facial expressions). Specifically, ERPs (event-related potentials) analysis overview is proposed in order to comprehend how face may be processed by an observer and how he can make face a meaningful construct even in absence of awareness. Finally, brain oscillations is considered in order to explain the synchronization of neural populations in response to emotional faces when a conscious vs. unconscious processing is activated.

Duration Estimation of Angry and Neutral Faces: Behavioral and Electrophysiological Correlates

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 254-278
Author(s):  
Lisa V. Eberhardt ◽  
Ferdinand Pittino ◽  
Anna Scheins ◽  
Anke Huckauf ◽  
Markus Kiefer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Stimulus Onset ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Information Processing Model ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Early Posterior Negativity ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Stimulus Offset ◽  
Duration Estimation

Abstract Emotional stimuli like emotional faces have been frequently shown to be temporally overestimated compared to neutral ones. This effect has been commonly explained by induced arousal caused by emotional processing leading to the acceleration of an inner-clock-like pacemaker. However, there are some studies reporting contradictory effects and others point to relevant moderating variables. Given this controversy, we aimed at investigating the processes underlying the temporal overestimation of emotional faces by combining behavioral and electrophysiological correlates in a temporal bisection task. We assessed duration estimation of angry and neutral faces using anchor durations of 400 ms and 1600 ms while recording event-related potentials. Subjective ratings and the early posterior negativity confirmed encoding and processing of stimuli’s emotionality. However, temporal ratings did not differ between angry and neutral faces. In line with this behavioral result, the Contingent Negative Variation (CNV), an electrophysiological index of temporal accumulation, was not modulated by the faces’ emotionality. Duration estimates, i.e., short or long responses toward stimuli of ambiguous durations of 1000 ms, were nevertheless associated with a differential CNV amplitude. Interestingly, CNV modulation was already observed at 600–700 ms after stimulus onset, i.e., long before stimulus offset. The results are discussed in light of the information-processing model of time perception as well as regarding possible factors of the experimental setup moderating temporal overestimation of emotional stimuli. In sum, combining behavioral and electrophysiological measures seems promising to more clearly understand the complex processes leading to the illusion of temporal lengthening of emotional faces.

Delayed recognition memory in infants and adults as revealed by event-related potentials

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Nelson ◽  
Kathleen M. Thomas ◽  
Michelle de Haan ◽  
Sandi S. Wewerka
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Delayed Recognition

scholarly journals “She finds you abhorrent” - The impact of emotional context information on the cortical processing of neutral faces in depression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Iffland ◽  
Fabian Klein ◽  
Sebastian Schindler ◽  
Hanna Kley ◽  
Frank Neuner
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Context Information ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cortical Processing ◽  
Emotional Context ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depressive Patients ◽  
Self Reference

AbstractDepression is associated with abnormalities in patterns of information processing, particularly in the context of processing of interpersonal information. The present study was designed to investigate the differences in depressive individuals in cortical processing of facial stimuli when neutral faces were presented in a context that involved information about emotional valence as well as self-reference. In 21 depressive patients and 20 healthy controls, event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during the presentation of neutral facial expressions, which were accompanied by affective context information that was either self- or other-related. Across conditions, depressive patients showed larger mean P100 amplitudes than healthy controls. Furthermore, mean late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes of depressive patients were larger in response to faces in self-related than in other-related context. In addition, irrespective of self-reference, mean LPP responses of depressive patients to faces presented after socially threatening sentences were larger compared with faces presented after neutral sentences. Results regarding self-reference supported results of previous studies indicating larger mean amplitudes in self-related conditions. Findings suggest a general heightened initial responsiveness to emotional cues and a sustained emotion processing of socially threatening information in depressive patients.

scholarly journals Event-Related Potential to Conscious and Nonconscious Emotional Face Perception in Females with Autistic-Like Traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2306
Author(s):  
Vilfredo De Pascalis ◽  
Giuliana Cirillo ◽  
Arianna Vecchio ◽  
Joseph Ciorciari
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Autism Spectrum Quotient ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Occipital Region ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Emotional Face

This study explored the electrocortical correlates of conscious and nonconscious perceptions of emotionally laden faces in neurotypical adult women with varying levels of autistic-like traits (Autism Spectrum Quotient—AQ). Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during the viewing of backward-masked images for happy, neutral, and sad faces presented either below (16 ms—subliminal) or above the level of visual conscious awareness (167 ms—supraliminal). Sad compared to happy faces elicited larger frontal-central N1, N2, and occipital P3 waves. We observed larger N1 amplitudes to sad faces than to happy and neutral faces in High-AQ (but not Low-AQ) scorers. Additionally, High-AQ scorers had a relatively larger P3 at the occipital region to sad faces. Regardless of the AQ score, subliminal perceived emotional faces elicited shorter N1, N2, and P3 latencies than supraliminal faces. Happy and sad faces had shorter N170 latency in the supraliminal than subliminal condition. High-AQ participants had a longer N1 latency over the occipital region than Low-AQ ones. In Low-AQ individuals (but not in High-AQ ones), emotional recognition with female faces produced a longer N170 latency than with male faces. N4 latency was shorter to female faces than male faces. These findings are discussed in view of their clinical implications and extension to autism.

Investigation of the effects of emotional context and psychosocial stress on response inhibition

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 411-411
Author(s):  
P.Z. Álmos ◽  
G. Csifcsák ◽  
B. Andó ◽  
M. Gergelyfi ◽  
T. Sándor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Trier Social Stress Test ◽  
Baseline Condition ◽  
Emotional Context ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Related Potentials

IntroductionResponse inhibition (RI) is a basic component of human behaviour responsible for suppressing actions or thoughts which are inappropriate in a certain context. This cognitive function is well-studied in laboratory conditions, but there is limited data how it is influenced by emotional context and psychosocial stress.ObjectivesThe effect of emotional factors on RI can be investigated with an emotional go/nogo task, while psychosocial stress can be induced with the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). Electroencephalography (EEG) is an excellent method for studying the neural correlates of RI: the two major event-related potentials (ERPs) implicated in the process are the frontal N2 and P3 components.AimsIn this respect, our aim was to investigate how psychosocial stress and emotional context modulate these ERPs.MethodsSeven healthy adult volunteers performed emotional go/no go tasks while brain responses were recorded by EEG. The task was carried out on two different occasions: at baseline condition and after moderate psychosocial stress induced by the TSST.ResultsWe successfully replicated the robust go vs. nogo effect on the frontal N2 and P3 amplitudes. However, ERPs were not affected by positive or negative emotional context in the baseline condition. In contrast, after TSST a significantly enhanced valence effect was observed on the go-related N2 amplitude and a greater go vs. nogo N2 latency difference was detected.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the importance of the stress-regulating system on emotionally modulated RI and render this paradigm a promising tool for investigating RI in anxiety and mood disorders.

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