scholarly journals How to measure post-error slowing: The case of pre-error speeding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Pfister ◽  
Anna Foerster
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Method ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Error Processing ◽  
Correct Trial ◽  
Recent Proposal ◽  
Behavioral Consequences ◽  
Inflated Estimate

AbstractPost-error slowing is one of the most widely employed measures to study cognitive and behavioral consequences of error commission. Several methods have been proposed to quantify the post-error slowing effect, and we discuss two main methods: The traditional method of comparing response times in correct post-error trials to response times of correct trials that follow another correct trial, and a more recent proposal of comparing response times in correct post-error trials to the corresponding correct pre-error trials. Based on thorough re-analyses of two datasets, we argue that the latter method provides an inflated estimate by also capturing the (partially) independent effect of pre-error speeding. We propose two solutions for improving the assessment of human error processing, both of which highlight the importance of distinguishing between initial pre-error speeding and later post-error slowing.

scholarly journals Use of the Vocera Communications Badge Improves Public Safety Response Times

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy D. Joslin ◽  
David Goldberger ◽  
Loretta Johnson ◽  
D. Paul Waltz
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Staff Training ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Phone Call ◽  
Average Response ◽  
Safety Officer ◽  
The University

Objectives. Violence in the Emergency Department (ED) has been a long-standing issue complicated by deficiencies in staff training, ease of weapons access, and response availability of public safety officers. The Vocera Badge is being used by our staff to request public safety assistance in lieu of a formal phone call to the University Police Communications Center. We sought to learn if use of this technology improved officer response times to the ED.Methods. Mean response times were reviewed and descriptive statistics analyzed to determine if the use of the Vocera Badge improved public safety officer response times to the ED.Results. Average response times improved from an average of 3.2 minutes (SD = 0.456) in the 6 months before the use of the communication badges to an average of 1.02 minutes (SD = 0.319) in the 6 months after use began.Conclusions. The use of the Vocera Badge seemed to decrease response times of public safety officers to our ED compared with the traditional method of calling a dispatch center to request assistance.

scholarly journals Dopamine Effects on Human Error Processing Depend on Catechol-O-Methyltransferase VAL158MET Genotype

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (44) ◽  
pp. 15818-15825 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Mueller ◽  
S. Makeig ◽  
G. Stemmler ◽  
J. Hennig ◽  
J. Wacker
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Error Processing

Tasting rewards. Effects of orosensory sweet signals on human error processing

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Hosang ◽  
Sylvain Laborde ◽  
Michael Sprengel ◽  
Andreas Löw ◽  
Niels Baum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Error Processing

80 MPH and out-of-the-loop: Effects of real-world semi-automated driving on driver workload and arousal

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1878-1882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco N. Biondi ◽  
Monika Lohani ◽  
Rachel Hopman ◽  
Sydney Mills ◽  
Joel M. Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Error ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Operational Control ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Out Of The Loop ◽  
Driver Workload ◽  
Driving Task ◽  
Assistance Systems

The introduction of semi-automated driving systems is expected to mitigate the safety consequences of human error. Observational findings suggest that relinquishing control of vehicle operational control to assistance systems might diminish driver engagement in the driving task, by reducing levels of arousal. In this study, drivers drove a Tesla Model S with Autopilot in both semi-automated and manual modes. Driver behavior was monitored using a combination of physiological and behavioral measures. Compared to manual driving, a reduction in driver physiological activation was observed during semi-automated driving. Also, performance to the peripheral detection task suffered in semi-automated mode, with slower response times recorded in this condition than during manual driving. Taken together, our data suggest that semi-automated driving might not ease safety consequences of human error. Instead, these findings suggest it might cause a drop in driver monitoring, possibly followed by a spike in automation-generated distraction.

Development of Test Rig for Centrifugal Air Strainer

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.34) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Karthick N ◽  
Gayathri N ◽  
Babu T V B ◽  
Nandhakumar S ◽  
Mugunthan S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Method ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Previous Method ◽  
Automatic Method ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
The Cost

This paper is a description of an alternative method for the testing of air strainer in the railways. In traditional method they can’t test the filter with full accuracy, so semi-automatic method is needed to check the sealing of the filter effectively. Test rig is used to check the sealing of the air strainer. This paper addresses two major issues from the previous method of testing.(1)     Requirement of skilled labors in work.(2)     Precise inspection is   not possible. The test rig being used currently requires more setting up time and the cost of the process is more. This paper describes a test rig which can reduce cost of the process and be able to reduce the human error by semi-automatic method.  

An Efficient Statistic for Determining the Diameter of Thin Sectioned Uniform Spheres from Measurements of Biological Samples

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 114-115
Author(s):  
W. R. Schucany ◽  
G. H. Kelsoe ◽  
V. F. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Biological Samples ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Sectioned Material ◽  
Maximal Diameter ◽  
Similar Cell

Accurate estimation of the size of spheroid organelles from thin sectioned material is often necessary, as uniquely homogenous populations of organelles such as vessicles, granules, or nuclei often are critically important in the morphological identification of similar cell types. However, the difficulty in obtaining accurate diameter measurements of thin sectioned organelles is well known. This difficulty is due to the extreme tenuity of the sectioned material as compared to the size of the intact organelle. In populations where low variance is suspected the traditional method of diameter estimation has been to measure literally hundreds of profiles and to describe the “largest” as representative of the “approximate maximal diameter”.

Directional observation on lipid of male nectary of Lindera megaphylla hemsl. by the rapid embedding method with polyethylene glycol (PEG)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 718-719
Author(s):  
Dai Dalin ◽  
Guo Jianmin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Unsaturated Lipid ◽  
Embedding Method ◽  
Long Period ◽  
New Methods

Lipid cytochemistry has not yet advanced far at the EM level. A major problem has been the loss of lipid during dehydration and embedding. Although the adoption of glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide accelerate the chemical reaction of lipid and osmium tetroxide can react on the double bouds of unsaturated lipid to from the osmium black, osmium tetroxide can be reduced in saturated lipid and subsequently some of unsaturated lipid are lost during dehydration. In order to reduce the loss of lipid by traditional method, some researchers adopted a few new methods, such as the change of embedding procedure and the adoption of new embedding media, to solve the problem. In a sense, these new methods are effective. They, however, usually require a long period of preparation. In this paper, we do research on the fiora nectary strucure of lauraceae by the rapid-embedding method wwith PEG under electron microscope and attempt to find a better method to solve the problem mentioned above.

Nanostructure of semiconductor quantum dots in a borosilicate glass matrix by complementary use of HREM and AEM

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 728-729
Author(s):  
M.J. Kim ◽  
L.C. Liu ◽  
S.H. Risbud ◽  
R.W. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Borosilicate Glass ◽  
Glass Matrix ◽  
Optical Switching ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Electron Hole ◽  
Spatial Dimensions

When the size of a semiconductor is reduced by an appropriate materials processing technique to a dimension less than about twice the radius of an exciton in the bulk crystal, the band like structure of the semiconductor gives way to discrete molecular orbital electronic states. Clusters of semiconductors in a size regime lower than 2R {where R is the exciton Bohr radius; e.g. 3 nm for CdS and 7.3 nm for CdTe) are called Quantum Dots (QD) because they confine optically excited electron- hole pairs (excitons) in all three spatial dimensions. Structures based on QD are of great interest because of fast response times and non-linearity in optical switching applications.In this paper we report the first HREM analysis of the size and structure of CdTe and CdS QD formed by precipitation from a modified borosilicate glass matrix. The glass melts were quenched by pouring on brass plates, and then annealed to relieve internal stresses. QD precipitate particles were formed during subsequent "striking" heat treatments above the glass crystallization temperature, which was determined by differential thermal analysis.

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