scholarly journals Indoor air quality improvement in natural ventilation using a fuzzy logic controller

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Cezary Kulis ◽  
Jarosław Müller
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Controller ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Physical Parameters

The aim of the research was to design and validate the prototype of a device developed to improve the quality of indoor air by supporting the natural ventilation in building. A CO2 sensor and thermo-hygrometer were used to measure the physical parameters of the indoor air. The developed device is based on the Raspberry Pi single-board-computer (SBC) and optical sensors. The prototype casing was made using 3D printing technology. The software was written using the Python 2.7 programming language. The key algorithm of control uses fuzzy logic. The effectiveness of the developed device has been confirmed. The use of the device enabled improvement of the indoor air quality. The presented device may be a solution to improve the indoor air quality by supporting the ventilation system.

scholarly journals The Determination of Indoor Air Quality and Thermal Comfort with Different Space and Ventilation in the Teracce and Bungalow Houses

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 774-793
Author(s):  
Nur Baitul Izati Rasli ◽  
Nor Azam Ramli ◽  
Mohd Rodzi Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Air Contaminants ◽  
Code Of Practice ◽  
Air Movement

This study observed the influence of different ventilation, indoor and outdoor activities (i.e., cooking, praying, sweeping, gathering, and exhaust from motorcycle) between a bungalow house (i.e., stack and cross ventilation applications) and a terrace house (i.e., one-sided ventilation application). We appraised the indoor air quality (IAQ) and thermal comfort. We monitored the indoor air contaminants (i.e., TVOC, CO, CH2O, PM10, O3, and CO2) and specific physical parameters (i.e., T, RH, and AS) for four days in the morning (i.e., 6.00 a.m. – 9.00 a.m.), morning-evening (i.e., 11.00 a.m. – 2.00 p.m.), and evening-night (i.e., 5.00 p.m. – 8.00 p.m.) sessions. The results found that cooking activities are the major activities that contributed to the increase of the TVOC, CO, PM10, O3, and CO2 concentrations in the bungalow and terrace houses. However, IAQ exceeded the Industry Code of Practice on IAQ (ICOP) limit in the terrace house. The bungalow house applies stack and cross ventilation, double area, and a long pathway of indoor air contaminants movements. Besides that, the results indicated that cooking activities worsen the ventilation system because CO2 exceeded the ICOP limit on Day 2 at 74.1 % (evening-night session) and Day 3 at 13.2 % (morning session), 11% (morning-evening session), and 50.1 % (evening-night session). Moreover, the combination of mechanical (i.e., opened all fans) and natural ventilation (i.e., opened all doors, windows, and fans) is the best application in the house without a cooking ventilator with lower indoor air movement. Furthermore, the temperatures exceeding the ICOP limit of 23-26 °C for both bungalow and terrace houses could be lower indoor air movement, which is less than the ICOP limit of 0.15-0.5 m/s and high outdoor air temperature. Therefore, it is prudent to have an efficient ventilation system for acceptable indoor air quality and thermal comfort in the family house.

scholarly journals Research on Best Solution for Improving Indoor Air Quality and Reducing Energy Consumption in a High-Risk Radon Dwelling from Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12482
Author(s):  
Ion-Costinel Mareș ◽  
Tiberiu Catalina ◽  
Marian-Andrei Istrate ◽  
Alexandra Cucoș ◽  
Tiberius Dicu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Radon Level

The purpose of this article is the assessment of energy efficiency and indoor air quality for a single-family house located in Cluj-Napoca County, Romania. The studied house is meant to be an energy-efficient building with thermal insulation, low U-value windows, and a high efficiency boiler. Increasing the energy efficiency of the house leads to lower indoor air quality, due to lack of natural ventilation. As the experimental campaign regarding indoor air quality revealed, there is a need to find a balance between energy consumption and the quality of the indoor air. To achieve superior indoor air quality, the proposed mitigation systems (decentralized mechanical ventilation with heat recovery combined with a minimally invasive active sub-slab depressurization) have been installed to reduce the high radon level in the dwelling, achieving an energy reduction loss of up to 86%, compared to the traditional natural ventilation of the house. The sub-slab depressurization system was installed in the room with the highest radon level, while the local ventilation system with heat recovery has been installed in the exterior walls of the house. The results have shown significant improvement in the level of radon decreasing the average concentration from 425 to 70 Bq/m 3, respectively the carbon dioxide average of the measurements being around 760 ppm. The thermal comfort improves significantly also, by stabilizing the indoor temperature at 21 °C, without any important fluctuations. The installation of this system has led to higher indoor air quality, with low energy costs and significant energy savings compared to conventional ventilation (by opening windows).

scholarly journals Indoor air quality in natural-ventilated bedrooms in renovated Norwegian houses

2021 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Vegard Heide ◽  
Silje Skyttern ◽  
Laurent Georges
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Opening Angle ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Window Opening

The objective of this work is to investigate the indoor environment in bedrooms ventilated by window opening during night-time. How window opening behaviour affects indoor air quality (IAQ), and how window opening behaviour and IAQ is influenced by external factors, are important questions. The context is renovation of detached wooden houses in Norway. To motivate building owners to renovate their ventilation system, it is important to know the typical indoor environment in bedrooms of existing buildings with natural ventilation. Ten bedrooms in six case houses were investigated by measuring temperature, relative humidity, CO2, particulate matter, formaldehyde and TVOC. The window opening angle was also logged with an accelerometer. The measurements were conducted over 2 to 3 weeks, during March and April. The dwellings were renovated single-family and terraced houses from 1950 – 80, in Trondheim. All the bedrooms had natural ventilation, and the occupants stated they used to open bedroom windows at night. Participants answered a questionnaire about motivations and habits regarding window opening. The most common reason given for not opening was low outdoor temperatures. The window opening behaviour was both predictable and continuous. Windows were open every night in most of the bedrooms, and most of the windows were opened to the same position every night. High CO2 levels during night were found in two bedrooms. In the other bedrooms, the CO2 concentration was satisfying during night-time, although higher concentrations were found in some bedrooms during daytime. Finally, indoor temperature measurements confirmed that many occupants prefer a low bedroom temperature.

scholarly journals Fuzzy logic-based improved ventilation system for the pharmaceutical industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Matiur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Fazle Rabbi ◽  
Omar Altwijri ◽  
Mahdi Alqahtani ◽  
Tasriva Sikandar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Fuzzy Inference System ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Inference System

Indoor air quality in pharmaceutical industry plays a vital role in the production and storing of medicine. Stable indoor environment including favorable temperature, humidity, air flow and number of microorganisms requires consistent monitoring. This paper aimed to develop a fuzzy logic-based intelligent ventilation system to control the indoor air quality in pharmaceutical sites. Specifically, in the proposed fuzzy inference system, the ventilation system can control the air flow and quality in accordance with the indoor temperature, humidity, air flow and microorganisms in the air. The MATLAB® fuzzy logic toolbox was used to simulate the performance of the fuzzy inference system. The results show that the efficiency of the system can be improved by manipulating the input-output parameters according to the user’s demands. Compared with conventional heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems, the proposed ventilation system has the additional feature of the existence of microorganisms, which is a crucial criterion of indoor air quality in pharmaceutical laboratories.

scholarly journals Indoor air quality in a preschool

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 007-013
Author(s):  
Dorota Koruba ◽  
Ewa Zender Świercz ◽  
Jerzy Piotrowski ◽  
Łukasz Orman ◽  
Marek Telejko
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Standard Solution

The article demonstrates the results of research on the indoor air quality (IAQ) in one of chosen preschools. In such facilities, the standard solution is a system of natural ventilation. Only a small percentage of such buildings is equipped with a mechanical ventilation system with adjustable parameters of the microclimate. The article presents the results of indoor air quality in the local preschool located in Kielce. In the present facility natural ventilation system was used. Preliminary studies confirmed the poor quality of indoor air in a subjected building. During the study, two improvements aimed at improving air quality were proposed. The first improvement was to increase the supply air stream. The second one concerned the installation of equipment for the treatment of indoor air. The results indicate that under certain guidelines it is possible to improve indoor air quality. As an indicator of indoor air quality, concentration of carbon dioxide was adopted. In addition, microbiological tests were performed indoors.

scholarly journals Computational Analysis of a Lecture Room Ventilation System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abayomi Layeni ◽  
Collins Nwaokocha ◽  
Olalekan Olamide ◽  
Solomon Giwa ◽  
Samuel Tongo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Solar Chimney ◽  
Lecture Room ◽  
Room Ventilation System ◽  
Ventilation Systems

The level of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) has become a big topic of research, and improving it using passive ventilation methods is imperative due to the cost saving potentials. Designing lecture buildings to use less energy or Zero Energy (ZE) has become more important, and analysing buildings before construction can save money in design changes. This research analyses the performance (thermal comfort [TC]) of a lecture room, investigate the use of passive ventilation methods and determine the energy-saving potential of the proposed passive ventilation method using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Results obtained showed that air change per hour at a wind velocity of 0.05 m/s was 3.10, which was below standards. Therefore, the lecture hall needs external passive ventilation systems (Solar Chimney [SC]) for improved indoor air quality at minimum cost. Also, it was observed that the proposed passive ventilation (SC) system with the size between 1 and 100 m3, made an improvement upon the natural ventilation in the room. There was a 66.69% increase after 10 years in the saving of energy and cost using Solar Chimney as compared to Fans, which depicts that truly energy and cost were saved using passive ventilation systems rather than mechanical ventilation systems.

scholarly journals Indoor air quality in a preschool

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 041-048
Author(s):  
Marek Telejko
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Legal Requirements

The article presents the results of indoor air quality (IAQ) assessment in four local preschools. The natural ventilation system was used in the buildings. Outdoor air was supplied to the premises through a leak in the external walls and air intakes were of maximum efficiency of 30 m3/h. Parameters describing IAQ were measured, such as: temperature, relative humidity and carbon dioxide concentration. Two series of studies were performed in each preschool. On the basis of the survey, it can be clearly stated that the indoor air quality in preschools is considered to be very low very low. All the analyzed parameters describing the quality do not meet the current legal requirements. Reported values of CO2 concentration exceeded three times the value set of the recommended maximum.

Numerical and Experimental Modeling of Indoor Air Quality Inside a Conditioned Space with Mechanical Ventilation and DX-Air Conditioner

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (9A) ◽  
pp. 1257-1275
Author(s):  
Wisam M. Mareed ◽  
Hasanen M. Hussen
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Breathing Zone ◽  
Lecture Room ◽  
Ventilation Performance

 Elevated CO2 rates in a building affect the health of the occupant. This paper deals with an experimental and numerical analysis conducted in a full-scale test room located in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Technology. The experiments and CFD were conducted for analyzing ventilation performance. It is a study on the effect of the discharge airflow rate of the ceiling type air-conditioner on ventilation performance in the lecture room with the mixing ventilation. Most obtained findings show that database and questionnaires analyzed prefer heights between 0.2 m to 1.2 m in the middle of an occupied zone and breathing zone height of between 0.75 m to 1.8 given in the literature surveyed. It is noticed the mismatch of internal conditions with thermal comfort, and indoor air quality recommended by [ASHRAE Standard 62, ANSI / ASHRAE Standard 55-2010]. CFD simulations have been carried to provide insights on the indoor air quality and comfort conditions throughout the classroom. Particle concentrations, thermal conditions, and modified ventilation system solutions are reported.

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