scholarly journals Pure Hydrocarbon Type Inhibitor(Radical Scavenger).

1992 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 835-847
Author(s):  
Junichi KUBO
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Pure Hydrocarbon

Melatonin reduces high levels of lipid peroxidation induced by potassium iodate in porcine thyroid

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Iwan ◽  
Jan Stepniak ◽  
Malgorzata Karbownik-Lewinska
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Hormone Synthesis

Abstract. Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis. Under normal iodine supply, calculated physiological iodine concentration in the thyroid is approx. 9 mM. Either potassium iodide (KI) or potassium iodate (KIO3) are used in iodine prophylaxis. KI is confirmed as absolutely safe. KIO3 possesses chemical properties suggesting its potential toxicity. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an effective antioxidant and free radical scavenger. Study aims: to evaluate potential protective effects of melatonin against oxidative damage to membrane lipids (lipid peroxidation, LPO) induced by KI or KIO3 in porcine thyroid. Homogenates of twenty four (24) thyroids were incubated in presence of either KI or KIO3 without/with melatonin (5 mM). As melatonin was not effective against KI-induced LPO, in the next step only KIO3 was used. Homogenates were incubated in presence of KIO3 (200; 100; 50; 25; 20; 15; 10; 7.5; 5.0; 2.5; 1.25 mM) without/with melatonin or 17ß-estradiol. Five experiments were performed with different concentrations of melatonin (5.0; 2.5; 1.25; 1.0; 0.625 mM) and one with 17ß-estradiol (1.0 mM). Malondialdehyde + 4-hydroxyalkenals (MDA + 4-HDA) concentration (LPO index) was measured spectrophotometrically. KIO3 increased LPO with the strongest damaging effect (MDA + 4-HDA level: ≈1.28 nmol/mg protein, p < 0.05) revealed at concentrations of around 15 mM, thus corresponding to physiological iodine concentrations in the thyroid. Melatonin reduced LPO (MDA + 4-HDA levels: from ≈0.97 to ≈0,76 and from ≈0,64 to ≈0,49 nmol/mg protein, p < 0.05) induced by KIO3 at concentrations of 10 mM or 7.5 mM. Conclusion: Melatonin can reduce very strong oxidative damage to membrane lipids caused by KIO3 used in doses resulting in physiological iodine concentrations in the thyroid.

OPTIMASI KONDISI EKSTRAKSI SENYAWA AKTIF ANTIOKSIDAN DARI BIJI ANGGUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Kartini Kartini ◽  
Azminah Azminah
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Water Bath ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Ethanolic Solution ◽  
Reduced Pressure

In order to prepare standardized extract, optimization of extraction conditions of grape seed has been done. These conditions are type of menstrum (50, 70 and 96% of ethanolic solution), length of extraction (1, 2 and 4 hours) also method of evaporation (reduced pressure and opened air). Activity on free radical scavenger used as parameters to determine optimum conditions. Based on EC50 (concentration which scavenge 50% amount of free radical) can be concluded that optimum condition for extracting antioxidant active compound from grape seed are 70% ethanolic solution as menstrum, length of extraction 1 hour and evaporation on opened air use water bath.

MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION OF MICROALGAE CRUDE OIL FOR PURE HYDROCARBON PRODUCTION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iago Costa ◽  
Wellington Balmant ◽  
JOSÉ VIRIATO COELHO VARGAS ◽  
Luiz Rigatti ◽  
Matias Nicolas Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Fractional Distillation ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
Pure Hydrocarbon

Metal free decarboxylative aminoxylation of carboxylic acids using a biphasic solvent system

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-278
Author(s):  
Göran Schulz ◽  
Andreas Kirschning
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
System P

The oxidative radical decarboxylation of carboxylic acids with TEMPO as radical scavenger in a biphasic solvent system is reported which is successfully used in a new synthetic approach for the antidepressants indatraline.

Oxygen radicals trigger activation of NF-κB and AP-1 and upregulation of ICAM-1 in reperfused canine heart

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (5) ◽  
pp. H1778-H1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiying Fan ◽  
Baogui Sun ◽  
Qiuping Gu ◽  
Anne Lafond-Walker ◽  
Suyi Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Binding ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽  
Canine Heart

We investigated whether oxygen radicals generated during ischemia-reperfusion trigger postischemic inflammation in the heart. Closed-chest dogs underwent 90-min coronary artery occlusion, followed by 1- or 3-h reperfusion: 10 dogs received the cell-permeant oxygen radical scavenger N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)-glycine (MPG; 8 mg · kg−1 · h−1intracoronary) beginning 5 min before reperfusion, and 9 dogs received vehicle. Blood flow (microspheres), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 protein expression (immunohistochemistry), ICAM-1 gene activation (Northern blotting), nuclear DNA binding activity of nuclear factor (NF)-κb and AP-1 (electrophoretic mobility shift assays), and neutrophil (PMN) accumulation (myeloperoxidase activity) were assessed in myocardial tissue samples. ICAM-1 protein expression was high in vascular endothelium after ischemia-reperfusion but was markedly reduced by MPG. MPG treatment also markedly decreased expression of ICAM-1 mRNA and tissue PMN accumulation. Nuclear DNA binding activities of NF-κB and AP-1, increased by ischemia-reperfusion, were both markedly decreased by MPG at 1 h of reperfusion. However, by 3 h, AP-1 activity was only modestly reduced by MPG and NF-κB activity was not significantly different from ischemic-reperfused controls. These results suggest that oxygen radicals generated in vivo during reperfusion trigger early activation of NF-κb and AP-1, resulting in upregulation of the ICAM-1 gene in vascular endothelium and subsequent tissue accumulation of activated PMNs.

scholarly journals Suppression of Inflammation-Associated Kidney Damage Post-Transplant Using the New PrC-210 Free Radical Scavenger in Rats

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1054
Author(s):  
Torsten R. Goesch ◽  
Nancy A. Wilson ◽  
Weifeng Zeng ◽  
Bret M. Verhoven ◽  
Weixiong Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Kidney Damage ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Organ Protection ◽  
Antibody Mediated Rejection ◽  
Allograft Kidney

Allograft kidney transplantation, which triggers host cellular- and antibody-mediated rejection of the kidney, is a major contributor to kidney damage during transplant. Here, we asked whether PrC-210 would suppress damage seen in allograft kidney transplant. Brown Norway (BN) rat kidneys were perfused in situ (UW Solution) with or without added 30 mM PrC-210, and then immediately transplanted into Lewis (LEW) rats. 20 h later, the transplanted BN kidneys and LEW rat plasma were analyzed. Kidney histology, and kidney/serum levels of several inflammation-associated cytokines, were measured to assess mismatch-related kidney pathology, and PrC-210 protective efficacy. Twenty hours after the allograft transplants: (i) significant histologic kidney tubule damage and mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration were seen in allograft kidneys; (ii) kidney function metrics (creatinine and BUN) were significantly elevated; (iii) significant changes in key cytokines, i.e., TIMP-1, TNF-alpha and MIP-3A/CCL20, and kidney activated caspase levels were seen. In PrC-210-treated kidneys and recipient rats, (i) kidney histologic damage (Banff Scores) and mononuclear infiltration were reduced to untreated background levels; (ii) creatinine and BUN were significantly reduced; and (iii) activated caspase and cytokine changes were significantly reduced, some to background. In conclusion, the results suggest that PrC-210 could provide broadly applicable organ protection for many allograft transplantation conditions; it could protect transplanted kidneys during and after all stages of the transplantation process—from organ donation, through transportation, re-implantation and the post-operative inflammation—to minimize acute and chronic rejection.

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