scholarly journals Fortalecimiento de los sistemas de salud para responder a las mujeres que sufren violencia de pareja o violencia sexual. Manual para gerentes de salud.

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Health Organization

El siguiente manual está dirigido a los gerentes del Sistema de Salud, en todos los niveles. Se basa en las directrices del 2013 de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) para dar respuesta a la violencia de pareja y a la violencia sexual contra las mujeres. Este manual utiliza los elementos fundamentales de los sitemas de salud según la OMS, descritos en el marco de acción para el fortalicimiento de los sistemas de salud. Y junto con el manual clínico complementario contribuye a la ejecución del componente de salud del Programa Mundial Conjunto de las Naciones Unidas sobre Servicios Esenciales para las mujeres y las niñas víctimas de la violencia. Su finalidad es fortaecer a los sistemas de salud para que puedan prestar a las sobrevivientes de la violencia servicios confidenciales, eficaces y centrados en la mujer. La violencia daña la salud de las mujeres de muchas formas, tanto inmediatas como a largo plazo, tanto evidentes como ocultas. Puede incluir violencia física, sexual y psíquica. Los actos de violencia pueden ser cometidos por la pareja o, en caso de la violencia sexual por cualquier agresor. El manual se centra en la violencia que ejercen los hombres contra las mujeres, en particular la violencia de pareja y la agresión sexual, que permanencen ocultas y, a menudo, pasan desapercibidas para el sistema de salud. Los usuarios propuestos para este manual son los gerentes de salud en todos los niveles que tienen la responsabilidad de diseñar, planificar o gestionar servicios de salud para las mujeres, entre ellas las que han sufrido violencia. Versión oficial en español de la obra original en inglés: Strengthening health systems to respond to women subjected to intimate partner violence or sexual violence: a manual for health managers. © World Health Organization 2017. ISBN: 978-92-4-151300-5.

Intimate partner violence

2018 ◽  
pp. 465-476
Author(s):  
Carmen Wong ◽  
Wai Ching Ng ◽  
Hua Zhong ◽  
Anne Scully-Hill
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Harm ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Intimate partner violence (IPV) refers to any action that causes physical, sexual, and psychological harm by intimate partners, which includes domestic violence. This chapter gives a brief overview and details the prevalence, current theories, research, and evidence, including patriarchy and gender issues. IPV is complex, with internal and external factors relating to the victim, perpetrator, family, and the community. The long-term impacts on physical and mental health are reviewed. Recent direction by the World Health Organization describes a multi-level integrated approach, which is discussed topically in terms of individual, relational, and community prevention and intervention and its challenges. Finally, policies and laws relating to IPV are reviewed. This chapter has been written collaboratively by a multidisciplinary team of medical, social, and legal professionals.

scholarly journals Categories and health impacts of intimate partner violence in the World Health Organization multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy C Potter ◽  
Richard Morris ◽  
Kelsey Hegarty ◽  
Claudia García-Moreno ◽  
Gene Feder
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Country Study ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) damages health and is costly to families and society. Individuals experience different forms and combinations of IPV; better understanding of the respective health effects of these can help develop differentiated responses. This study explores the associations of different categories of IPV on women’s mental and physical health. Methods Using data from the World Health Organization (WHO) Multi-Country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence, multilevel mixed effects logistic regression modelling was used to analyse associations between categories of abuse (physical IPV alone, psychological IPV alone, sexual IPV alone, combined physical and psychological IPV, and combined sexual with psychological and/or physical IPV) with measures of physical and mental health, including self-reported symptoms, suicidal thoughts and attempts, and nights in hospital. Results Countries varied in prevalence of different categories of IPV. All categories of IPV were associated with poorer health outcomes; the two combined abuse categories were the most damaging. The most common category was combined abuse involving sexual IPV, which was associated with the poorest health [attempted suicide: odds ratio (OR): 10.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.37-13.89, thoughts of suicide: 8.47, 7.03-10.02, memory loss: 2.93, 2.41-3.56]. Combined psychological and physical IPV was associated with the next poorest outcomes (attempted suicide: 5.67, 4.23-7.60, thoughts of suicide: 4.41, 3.63-5.37, memory loss: 2.33, 1.88-2.87-). Conclusions Understanding the prevalence and health impact of different forms and categories of IPV is crucial to risk assessment, tailoring responses to individuals and planning services. Previous analyses that focused on singular forms of IPV likely underestimated the more harmful impacts of combined forms of abuse.

Exploring Intimate Partner Violence Status Among Male Veterans and Associated Health Outcomes

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Cerulli ◽  
Robert M. Bossarte ◽  
Melissa E. Dichter
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Veteran Status ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization has identified intimate partner violence (IPV) as a public health issue affecting both men and women, though significantly more information is available regarding female victimization. This study examines IPV through the lens of male victimization, focusing on a comparison of physical and mental health consequences among men who are and are not military veterans. Results from a secondary analysis of data from the Behavior Risk Factor Survey taken by 13,765 males indicated that all males, regardless of veteran status, should be screened for IPV victimization given the prevalence reported in this sample (9.5% to 12.5%). Furthermore, it was found that veteran status did affect prevalence of particular health consequences, such as depression, smoking, and binge drinking. Based on the specific comparisons examined in this study, implications for Veteran’s Administration Health Services are discussed, as is the need for more research on IPV victimization rates for men and the particular health consequences that they suffer.

How Nurses in Johannesburg Address Intimate Partner Violence in Female Patients: Understanding IPV Responses in Low- and Middle-Income Country Health Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1591-1619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtenay Sprague ◽  
Abigail M. Hatcher ◽  
Nataly Woollett ◽  
Vivian Black
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Seek Health Care ◽  
Low And Middle Income

One in three women, globally, experiences intimate partner violence (IPV). Although 80% of the world’s population resides in the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), health system responses to IPV are poorly understood. In 2013, the World Health Organization released new guidelines for IPV but universal screening was not recommended in LMICs due to perceived lack of capacity and insufficient evidence. South Africa, with IPV prevalence estimated at 31% to 55%, offers a window into LMIC health systems. South African women seek health care for partner abuse, yet no guidelines exist to direct providers. This research aimed to understand how and why nurses respond to IPV. Using a descriptive design, 25 nurses from five health facilities were interviewed, generating rich narratives of provider actions. Themes were coded and analyzed. An iterative process of constant comparison of emergent data was undertaken to verify and confirm final themes. In the absence of IPV guidelines, nurses employed interventions characterized as counseling, ascertaining abuse, and referral. Nurses’ actions were motivated by fear for patients’ survival, perceived professional obligations, patients’ expectations of receiving treatment, personal experiences of IPV, and weak police responses to IPV. Findings indicated nurses were responding to IPV in a routine manner, yet comprehensive guidelines remain essential to govern and locate their actions within the framework of a public health response. South Africa yields lessons for enhancing understanding of IPV responses in LMICs, while contributing to a slim evidence base of the “how” and “why” of provider actions toward IPV in patients.

scholarly journals Criminalizing Sexual Violence Against Women in Intimate Relationships: State Obligations Under Human Rights Law

AJIL Unbound ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 189-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Randall ◽  
Vasanthi Venkatesh
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
State Obligations ◽  
Health Organization

Criminalization of sexual violence against women in intimate relationships must form a central part of the human rights agenda for achieving gender equality. According to a study by the United Nations Secretary-General, “[t]he most common form of violence experienced by women globally is intimate partner violence” including “a range of sexually, psychologically and physically coercive acts.” The World Health Organization reports that nearly one in four women in some countries may experience sexual violence perpetrated against them by an intimate partner. Other research suggests that approximately 40% of all assaulted women are forced into sex at one time or another by their male partners.

scholarly journals The Psychometric Properties of the World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF Among Thai Women Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratchneewan Ross ◽  
Ghada Shahrour ◽  
Andrea Warner Stidham ◽  
Douglas Delahanty
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
The World ◽  
Organization Quality ◽  
Health Organization

Background and Purpose: The World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) has been used in various populations and cultures. However, its psychometric properties are unknown among women who experienced intimate partner violence (WIPV). This study aimed to explore the reliability and validity of the WHOQOL-BREF among Thai WIPV. Methods: Two hundred eighty-four female patients receiving care at a northeast hospital in Thailand responded to the WHOQOL-BREF and intimate partner violence (IPV) questions. Exploratory factor and consistency analyses were applied. Results: Different from the original study, this study generated 5 factors, 1 of which is Medical Care Needs. The resulting scale and subscales showed good reliability and construct validity. Conclusion: The 5-factor scale can be used among WIPV by health care professionals to assess their quality of life (QOL) and appropriately address their needs.

scholarly journals La clasificación de Robson: Manual de implementación

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Robson Classification ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Health Organization

Este manual se elaboró para ayudar a los establecimientos de salud en la adopción y el uso de la clasificación de Robson. Va dirigido a los profesionales de la salud que se encargan de la atención de las mujeres ingresadas para el parto, así como a los administradores responsables de la gestión de los establecimientos de salud en los que tienen lugar los partos. El sistema clasifica a todas las mujeres ingresadas para el parto en uno de 10 grupos que son mutuamente excluyentes y totalmente inclusivos. Esto significa que, con el empleo de unas pocas variables obstétricas básicas, cada mujer ingresada para el parto en cualquier establecimiento de salud puede clasificarse en uno y solo uno de los 10 grupos y que ninguna mujer queda fuera de la clasificación. Versión oficial en español de la obra original en ingles: Robson Classification: Implementation Manual © World Health Organization 2017. ISBN 978‐92‐4‐151319‐7

scholarly journals Women survivors of intimate partner violence: the difficult transition to independence

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (spe) ◽  
pp. 07-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Neto da Cruz Leitão
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Women Survivors ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews

Objective To understand the trajectories that women go through from entering into to leaving relationships involving intimate partner violence (IPV), and identify the stages of the transition process. Method We utilized a constructivist paradigm based on grounded theory. We ensured that the ethical guidelines of the World Health Organization for research on domestic violence were followed. The analysis focused on narratives of 28 women survivors of IPV, obtained from in-depth interviews. Results The results showed that the trajectories experienced by women were marked by gender issues, (self) silencing, hope and suffering, which continued after the end of the IPV. Conclusion The transition process consists of four stages: entry - falls in love and becomes trapped; maintenance - silences own self, consents and remains in the relationship; decides to leave - faces the problems and struggles to be rescued; (re) balance - (re) finds herself with a new life. This (long) process was developed by wanting (and being able to have) self-determination.

scholarly journals Perpetration and Victimization of Intimate Partner Violence Among Young Men and Women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (16) ◽  
pp. 2486-2511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Mulawa ◽  
Lusajo J. Kajula ◽  
Thespina J. Yamanis ◽  
Peter Balvanz ◽  
Mrema N. Kilonzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
World Health ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Organization

We describe and compare the baseline rates of victimization and perpetration of three forms of intimate partner violence (IPV)—psychological, physical, and sexual—among sexually active men ( n = 1,113) and women ( n = 226) enrolled in an ongoing cluster-randomized HIV and gender-based violence prevention trial in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. IPV was measured using a modified version of the World Health Organization Violence Against Women instrument. We assess the degree to which men and women report overlapping forms of IPV victimization and perpetration. Sociodemographic and other factors associated with increased risk of victimization and perpetration of IPV are examined. Within the last 12 months, 34.8% of men and 35.8% of women reported any form of IPV victimization. Men were more likely than women to report perpetrating IPV (27.6% vs. 14.6%, respectively). We also found high rates of co-occurrence of IPV victimization and perpetration with 69.7% of male perpetrators and 81.8% of female perpetrators also reporting victimization during the last year. Among men, having ever consumed alcohol and experiencing childhood violence were associated with increased risk of most forms of IPV. Younger women were more likely to report perpetrating IPV than older women. We found evidence of gender symmetry with regard to most forms of IPV victimization, but men reported higher rates of IPV perpetration than women. Given the substantial overlap between victimization and perpetration reported, our findings suggest that IPV may be bidirectional within relationships in this setting and warrant further investigation. Implications for interventions are discussed.

scholarly journals Intimate Partner Violence among Pregnant Women and Postpartum Depression in Vietnam: A Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tran Tho Nhi ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thuy Hanh ◽  
Nguyen Duc Hinh ◽  
Ngo Van Toan ◽  
Tine Gammeltoft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Violence During Pregnancy

Background. Exposure to intimate partner violence during pregnancy is associated with a wide range of adverse reproductive health outcomes. However, detailed knowledge on the association between specific types of exposure to partner violence and postpartum depression is limited. Purpose. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between exposure to emotional violence, physical violence, and sexual violence during pregnancy and postpartum depression among women in northern Vietnam. Methods. The study was designed as a longitudinal study, which included a total of 1,337 women. The study participants were recruited from 24 communes in Dong Anh District, Hanoi, Vietnam, and interviewed four times: (a) at enrolment (which took place no later than week 24 of the pregnancy); (b) at a gestational age of 30-34 weeks; (c) at delivery; and d) 4-12 weeks after delivery. Emotional, physical, and sexual violence exerted by the intimate partner were measured using a modified version of the questionnaire initially developed by the World Health Organization, and signs of depression were measured by the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale. Results. More than one-third of the women (35.3%) experienced at least one type of violence during their pregnancy and 8.2% of the women reported postpartum depression. The results of multivariate analyses showed that both physical and sexual violence were statistically significantly associated with postpartum depression (AOR=2.75, 95%CI: 1.19-6.35 and AOR=1.93, 95%CI: 1.01-3.73, respectively). Conclusions. The results showed strong and statistically significant associations between partner violence and postpartum depression. These findings clearly demonstrate a crucial need for relevant health professionals to identify women who are exposed to partner violence and screen for postpartum depression in order to mitigate the negative mental health outcomes among Vietnamese women.

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