Exploring Intimate Partner Violence Status Among Male Veterans and Associated Health Outcomes

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Cerulli ◽  
Robert M. Bossarte ◽  
Melissa E. Dichter
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Veteran Status ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization has identified intimate partner violence (IPV) as a public health issue affecting both men and women, though significantly more information is available regarding female victimization. This study examines IPV through the lens of male victimization, focusing on a comparison of physical and mental health consequences among men who are and are not military veterans. Results from a secondary analysis of data from the Behavior Risk Factor Survey taken by 13,765 males indicated that all males, regardless of veteran status, should be screened for IPV victimization given the prevalence reported in this sample (9.5% to 12.5%). Furthermore, it was found that veteran status did affect prevalence of particular health consequences, such as depression, smoking, and binge drinking. Based on the specific comparisons examined in this study, implications for Veteran’s Administration Health Services are discussed, as is the need for more research on IPV victimization rates for men and the particular health consequences that they suffer.

Intimate partner violence

2018 ◽  
pp. 465-476
Author(s):  
Carmen Wong ◽  
Wai Ching Ng ◽  
Hua Zhong ◽  
Anne Scully-Hill
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Harm ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Intimate partner violence (IPV) refers to any action that causes physical, sexual, and psychological harm by intimate partners, which includes domestic violence. This chapter gives a brief overview and details the prevalence, current theories, research, and evidence, including patriarchy and gender issues. IPV is complex, with internal and external factors relating to the victim, perpetrator, family, and the community. The long-term impacts on physical and mental health are reviewed. Recent direction by the World Health Organization describes a multi-level integrated approach, which is discussed topically in terms of individual, relational, and community prevention and intervention and its challenges. Finally, policies and laws relating to IPV are reviewed. This chapter has been written collaboratively by a multidisciplinary team of medical, social, and legal professionals.

Global Surge in Intimate Partner Violence after Mandatory Lockdown: Implications for Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Butool Hisam ◽  
Mohammad Nadir Haider ◽  
Ghazala Saleem ◽  
Admin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Issue

We are observing with great concern the global spread of the COVID19 Pandemic. What is equally alarming is a less visible, albeit serious Public health issue; one that the United Nations has dubbed as the ‘Shadow Pandemic’ [1]. This is none other than the globally prevalent issue of violence against women, particularly Intimate Partner Violence. Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a serious, possibly preventable public health problem globally. Pakistan ranks among the countries with the highest IPV rates [2]. On 11th March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the highly infectious and lethal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) to be a pandemic [3]. Drastic measures were enforced universally to curb the spread of COVID-19. Countries issued strict nationwide lockdowns to isolate the population and implemented social distancing. The economy was impacted tremendously, and many people experienced financial and emotional hardship during this mandatory confinement. While everyone was affected, one population was in a far worse situation than others. Survivors of IPV were trapped alongside their perpetrators and faced difficulty/less freedom to escape threatening situations compared to the past. It is not surprising given that historical periods of uncertainty such as war or economic crisis have resulted in increased interpersonal violence, including violence against women [4].  The Hubei province of China, the first region to undergo a lockdown, saw nearly a doubling of their rates of IPV with the start of COVID19 Pandemic.  Similarly, tragic stories gained nationwide coverage in the United States. IPV may also have risen in Pakistan, even if it is not being covered as extensively. During pandemics, fear causes us to minimize our personal needs and make sacrifices we would not normally make. This could be a reasonable approach for most but should not be for survivors of IPV. IPV survivors live in constant fear for themselves and their children; they are now devoid of their only means of mitigation; avoidance. Local woman’s support groups in Pakistan should act and spread awareness about this grim reality hiding underneath the Pandemic. Resources/funding should be made available for survivors to be able to reach out for support without having to leave the watchful eyes of their perpetrators. Public health officials ought to investigate and document the rise in IPV to help identify the leading causes of the increase. These steps will assist in developing crisis-specific guidelines to provide adequate resources for the future. Continuous....

scholarly journals Categories and health impacts of intimate partner violence in the World Health Organization multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy C Potter ◽  
Richard Morris ◽  
Kelsey Hegarty ◽  
Claudia García-Moreno ◽  
Gene Feder
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Country Study ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) damages health and is costly to families and society. Individuals experience different forms and combinations of IPV; better understanding of the respective health effects of these can help develop differentiated responses. This study explores the associations of different categories of IPV on women’s mental and physical health. Methods Using data from the World Health Organization (WHO) Multi-Country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence, multilevel mixed effects logistic regression modelling was used to analyse associations between categories of abuse (physical IPV alone, psychological IPV alone, sexual IPV alone, combined physical and psychological IPV, and combined sexual with psychological and/or physical IPV) with measures of physical and mental health, including self-reported symptoms, suicidal thoughts and attempts, and nights in hospital. Results Countries varied in prevalence of different categories of IPV. All categories of IPV were associated with poorer health outcomes; the two combined abuse categories were the most damaging. The most common category was combined abuse involving sexual IPV, which was associated with the poorest health [attempted suicide: odds ratio (OR): 10.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.37-13.89, thoughts of suicide: 8.47, 7.03-10.02, memory loss: 2.93, 2.41-3.56]. Combined psychological and physical IPV was associated with the next poorest outcomes (attempted suicide: 5.67, 4.23-7.60, thoughts of suicide: 4.41, 3.63-5.37, memory loss: 2.33, 1.88-2.87-). Conclusions Understanding the prevalence and health impact of different forms and categories of IPV is crucial to risk assessment, tailoring responses to individuals and planning services. Previous analyses that focused on singular forms of IPV likely underestimated the more harmful impacts of combined forms of abuse.

Intimate Partner Violence in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 152483801986715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Alhalal ◽  
Wafa’a Ta’an ◽  
Hani Alhalal
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Saudi Women

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious public health issue at the global level, with cultural differences in its nature and prevalence. Most of the current evidence related to IPV comes from Western countries; however, there is a lack of evidence of IPV in developing countries such as Saudi Arabia. The issue of IPV has been investigated in Saudi Arabia only recently, and data have been inconsistent and inconclusive. Hence, we conducted a systematic review of the extant literature devoted to IPV prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes as well as Saudi women’s help-seeking behaviors. Various databases, such as PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO, and reference lists of the reviewed studies, were searched to identify relevant studies by using different keywords. The review included 16 studies that met the inclusion criteria, which revealed several findings. There is no national representative prevalence study of IPV in the Saudi context. Various IPV definitions were used with limited evidence for the reliability and validity of the used IPV measures. IPV is a prevalent issue among Saudi women, but rates are comparable to those of other countries. There are various individual, relational, and sociocultural factors that increase women’s vulnerability to IPV victimization. However, limited information is available regarding IPV protective factors. More importantly, IPV experiences negatively affect Saudi women’s physical and mental health status. Saudi women rarely seek formal support for IPV. This review also highlights the lack of IPV data and inconsistencies in defining and measuring IPV. More rigorous research regarding IPV is needed to help develop relevant preventive and intervention programs.

scholarly journals Intimate Partner Violence against Women with Disabilities in Spain: A Public Health Problem

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 728
Author(s):  
María-Leticia Meseguer-Santamaría ◽  
Francisco Sánchez-Alberola ◽  
Manuel Vargas-Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Women With Disabilities

Violence against women with disabilities is a social problem with important consequences for their physical and mental health. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared violence against women as a public health priority issue in 1996 and the fact that violence is used by the intimate partner and upon women with disabilities exacerbates the situation. Therefore, this is an issue that must be addressed from a public health viewpoint. Violence is studied from various aspects: Physical, psychological, sexual, or social control, and its multiple consequences in women’s health and the use of health services. In this perspective, with the data from the VI Violence against Women Macro-survey 2019 (VWM-2019) and adjusted to Spain, this study examines the incidence of intimate partner violence and its consequences in the health of women with disabilities and its impact on health services. Using binary logistic regression, the greater vulnerability of this group to these attacks is stated and the need to address this issue to improve the health of these people is brought to light.

A Systematic Review of Intimate Partner Violence Interventions: State of the Field and Implications for Practitioners

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Trabold ◽  
James McMahon ◽  
Shannon Alsobrooks ◽  
Staci Whitney ◽  
Mona Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Eligibility Criteria

Intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization is a global public health issue and has serious consequences of women’s health. While scholars and researchers have made some progress in addressing IPV and its impact across different levels of care, there is a paucity of intervention research in this area. For example, we know little about which intervention models work best for particular groups of IPV survivors. Previous reviews have concluded there is insufficient evidence to recommend specific treatment options for victims, but they have also been limited in scope of target populations or have employed narrow eligibility criteria. This systematic review examined the efficacy and effectiveness of interventions for victims of IPV related to physical and mental health and revictimization. Three large databases were searched and articles were selected using specified criteria. Fifty-seven articles met inclusion criteria. Results indicate that both empowerment-based advocacy and cognitively focused clinical interventions demonstrate positive outcomes on the vast sequelae of violence in the context of an intimate relationship. The heterogeneity of intervention approaches and frameworks makes comparisons across studies challenging, but this review demonstrates that interventions focused on problem-solving/solution seeking, enhanced choice making and the alteration in distorted self-thinking and perception are promising in facilitating and maintaining positive physical and mental health changes for women who experience violence.

scholarly journals Fortalecimiento de los sistemas de salud para responder a las mujeres que sufren violencia de pareja o violencia sexual. Manual para gerentes de salud.

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Health Organization

El siguiente manual está dirigido a los gerentes del Sistema de Salud, en todos los niveles. Se basa en las directrices del 2013 de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) para dar respuesta a la violencia de pareja y a la violencia sexual contra las mujeres. Este manual utiliza los elementos fundamentales de los sitemas de salud según la OMS, descritos en el marco de acción para el fortalicimiento de los sistemas de salud. Y junto con el manual clínico complementario contribuye a la ejecución del componente de salud del Programa Mundial Conjunto de las Naciones Unidas sobre Servicios Esenciales para las mujeres y las niñas víctimas de la violencia. Su finalidad es fortaecer a los sistemas de salud para que puedan prestar a las sobrevivientes de la violencia servicios confidenciales, eficaces y centrados en la mujer. La violencia daña la salud de las mujeres de muchas formas, tanto inmediatas como a largo plazo, tanto evidentes como ocultas. Puede incluir violencia física, sexual y psíquica. Los actos de violencia pueden ser cometidos por la pareja o, en caso de la violencia sexual por cualquier agresor. El manual se centra en la violencia que ejercen los hombres contra las mujeres, en particular la violencia de pareja y la agresión sexual, que permanencen ocultas y, a menudo, pasan desapercibidas para el sistema de salud. Los usuarios propuestos para este manual son los gerentes de salud en todos los niveles que tienen la responsabilidad de diseñar, planificar o gestionar servicios de salud para las mujeres, entre ellas las que han sufrido violencia. Versión oficial en español de la obra original en inglés: Strengthening health systems to respond to women subjected to intimate partner violence or sexual violence: a manual for health managers. © World Health Organization 2017. ISBN: 978-92-4-151300-5.

scholarly journals The Psychometric Properties of the World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF Among Thai Women Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratchneewan Ross ◽  
Ghada Shahrour ◽  
Andrea Warner Stidham ◽  
Douglas Delahanty
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
The World ◽  
Organization Quality ◽  
Health Organization

Background and Purpose: The World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) has been used in various populations and cultures. However, its psychometric properties are unknown among women who experienced intimate partner violence (WIPV). This study aimed to explore the reliability and validity of the WHOQOL-BREF among Thai WIPV. Methods: Two hundred eighty-four female patients receiving care at a northeast hospital in Thailand responded to the WHOQOL-BREF and intimate partner violence (IPV) questions. Exploratory factor and consistency analyses were applied. Results: Different from the original study, this study generated 5 factors, 1 of which is Medical Care Needs. The resulting scale and subscales showed good reliability and construct validity. Conclusion: The 5-factor scale can be used among WIPV by health care professionals to assess their quality of life (QOL) and appropriately address their needs.

scholarly journals Women survivors of intimate partner violence: the difficult transition to independence

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (spe) ◽  
pp. 07-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Neto da Cruz Leitão
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Women Survivors ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews

Objective To understand the trajectories that women go through from entering into to leaving relationships involving intimate partner violence (IPV), and identify the stages of the transition process. Method We utilized a constructivist paradigm based on grounded theory. We ensured that the ethical guidelines of the World Health Organization for research on domestic violence were followed. The analysis focused on narratives of 28 women survivors of IPV, obtained from in-depth interviews. Results The results showed that the trajectories experienced by women were marked by gender issues, (self) silencing, hope and suffering, which continued after the end of the IPV. Conclusion The transition process consists of four stages: entry - falls in love and becomes trapped; maintenance - silences own self, consents and remains in the relationship; decides to leave - faces the problems and struggles to be rescued; (re) balance - (re) finds herself with a new life. This (long) process was developed by wanting (and being able to have) self-determination.

scholarly journals Perpetration and Victimization of Intimate Partner Violence Among Young Men and Women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (16) ◽  
pp. 2486-2511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Mulawa ◽  
Lusajo J. Kajula ◽  
Thespina J. Yamanis ◽  
Peter Balvanz ◽  
Mrema N. Kilonzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
World Health ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Organization

We describe and compare the baseline rates of victimization and perpetration of three forms of intimate partner violence (IPV)—psychological, physical, and sexual—among sexually active men ( n = 1,113) and women ( n = 226) enrolled in an ongoing cluster-randomized HIV and gender-based violence prevention trial in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. IPV was measured using a modified version of the World Health Organization Violence Against Women instrument. We assess the degree to which men and women report overlapping forms of IPV victimization and perpetration. Sociodemographic and other factors associated with increased risk of victimization and perpetration of IPV are examined. Within the last 12 months, 34.8% of men and 35.8% of women reported any form of IPV victimization. Men were more likely than women to report perpetrating IPV (27.6% vs. 14.6%, respectively). We also found high rates of co-occurrence of IPV victimization and perpetration with 69.7% of male perpetrators and 81.8% of female perpetrators also reporting victimization during the last year. Among men, having ever consumed alcohol and experiencing childhood violence were associated with increased risk of most forms of IPV. Younger women were more likely to report perpetrating IPV than older women. We found evidence of gender symmetry with regard to most forms of IPV victimization, but men reported higher rates of IPV perpetration than women. Given the substantial overlap between victimization and perpetration reported, our findings suggest that IPV may be bidirectional within relationships in this setting and warrant further investigation. Implications for interventions are discussed.

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