scholarly journals Adjunctive treatment of leptospirosis with corticosteroids

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Božana Miklaušić Pavić

Leptospirosis is one of the most globally widespread zoonosis caused by pathogenic spirochetes from genus Leptospira spp. Icteric leptospirosis is a severe form of the disease which affects 5-15% of patients with leptospirosis, is often rapidly progressive and has a high mortality rate. Early diagnosis of leptospirosis is crucial for initiation of adequate antimicrobial therapy in order to prevent the advent of complications and reduce mortality. Literature offers an increasing amount of evidence that early application of corticosteroids affects the course of the disease, prevents the onset of multiorgan failure, reduces mortality and reduces the duration of hospitalization. This paper is a case report of a patient with severe icteric leptospirosis who was treated with antimicrobial and corticosteroid therapy. The patient recovered fully, with no remaining morbidity after the severe disease.

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Gregorio ◽  
Antonio Villa

We report a case of necrotizing fasciitis in an 84 year-old man affected by diabetes mellitus. The patient was admitted in the Emergency Department of our hospital because of an acute and strong left leg pain that began almost 8 hours before admission. The left leg had an increased size and a movement limitation, with a hard haemathoma in the left thigh with subcutaneous crepitus. The lesion became worse and larger rapidly, with a wide extension from the back to the popliteal fossa. An antimicrobial therapy was immediately started with morphine for pain. A surgical debridment was performed, but the patient died for multiorgan failure. Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare and mortal disease, the early diagnosis is a challenge for the Emergency Department where patients are admitted and assessed primarly.


2011 ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Noemí Martínez ◽  
Aníbal Nieto ◽  
María Guzmán ◽  
Soraya Heron ◽  
Álvaro Zapico

The porphyrias are a group of diseases caused by a deficiency of enzymes responsible for the synthesis of heme, that can lead to severe disease that requires early diagnosis to avoid complications. The frequency of the disease is low and its association with pregnancy unusual, but it is a good time for patients carrying develop the disease or suffer an exacerbation of the same, hence the vital importance of prophylaxis of the factors risk.


2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (241) ◽  
pp. 932-934
Author(s):  
Tulasa Basnet ◽  
Punita Yadav ◽  
Manoj Kumar Sah ◽  
Jyotsna Yadav

Interstitial pregnancy is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy with a high risk of massive hemorrhage on rupture as compared to ectopic on other sites. The mortality rate for the ruptured interstitial pregnancy is high. Therefore, early diagnosis of such pregnancy before the rupture occurs facilitates appropriate management and avoids life-threatening complications. With the advancement in diagnostic imaging modalities, early diagnosis and more conservative management for interstitial pregnancy have become possible. Here, we report a case of primigravida diagnosed with interstitial pregnancy with ultrasonography and successfully managed with a single dose of methotrexate.


1995 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hosny ◽  
S. Bhendwal ◽  
A. Hosni

AbstractLaryngotracheal injuries are relatively rare but their mortality rate is fairly high. Complete disruption of the trachea is extremely rare and a systematic approach is needed for early diagnosis and favourable outcome. The patient's symptoms and physical signs do not necessarily correlate with the severity of the injury as this case report highlights. X-rays, CT scans, barium swallows and endoscopies are recommended for evaluation of such injuries. However, direct laryngoscopy and fibre optic bronchoscopy are the most accurate.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-398
Author(s):  
Toby Myatt ◽  
Margot Barker

Introduction: Pheochromocytoma, a neuroendocrine tumor that secretes catecholamines, can present with episodic sweating, diaphoresis, headaches, and hypertension, as well as cardiac and pulmonary involvement. In a pregnant patient, it must be differentiated from preeclampsia, a leading cause of maternal mortality in the developed world, which can similarly present with hypertension and multiorgan involvement. Both conditions require early diagnosis and treatment to reduce maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Case Report: We discuss the case of a pregnant patient at approximately 24 weeks’ gestation presenting with chest pain and shortness of breath who was found to have a left adrenal mass and hypertensive urgency. The patient acutely decompensated during the course of evaluation. She ultimately suffered pregnancy loss and multiorgan failure requiring percutaneous heart pump placement and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy for support before fully recovering. The adrenal mass was confirmed to be a pheochromocytoma after excision and contributed to the development of hypertensive emergency with multiorgan failure. Conclusion: Pheochromocytoma during pregnancy is a rare condition but must remain on the differential until ruled out to improve patient outcomes as much as possible. Obtaining blood pressure control is imperative to reducing maternal and fetal mortality. Preeclampsia is similarly serious, and early diagnosis is essential for adequate management of the condition until delivery can occur.


Urology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelena Edwards ◽  
Niccolo M. Passoni ◽  
Rebecca Collins ◽  
Smitha Vidi ◽  
Jyothsna Gattineni ◽  
...  

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
O Maier ◽  
G Jäger ◽  
P Waibel ◽  
M Weissert
Keyword(s):  

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramla Mizouri ◽  
Radhouene Gharbi ◽  
Sonda Sellami ◽  
Ines Kammoun

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-67
Author(s):  
Aline Dos Santos ◽  
Ana Caroline Balducci Scafi ◽  
Luciene Azevedo Morais ◽  
Pablo Girardelli Mendonça Mesquita

RESUMOIntrodução: A Granulomatose de Wegener (GW) é uma vasculite rara e idiopática associada à presença do anticorpo Anticitoplasma de Neutrófilo (ANCA) que acomete, preferencialmente, os pequenos vasos. As manifestações clínicas são diversas, ocorrendo em mais de 90% dos casos, sintomas do trato respiratório. O comprometimento renal é tardio e preditor de mau prognóstico.  Sua morbidade a médio e longo prazo inclui insuficiência renal crônica. A probabilidade de sucesso de manutenção da função renal depende da concentração sérica de creatinina ao início do tratamento, o que indica a importância do diagnóstico e terapêutica adequada precoces. Casuística: Relata-se o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 61 anos, portadora de GW com comprometimento renal avançado à apresentação não precedido por sintomas pulmonares esperados. O tratamento imunossupressor associado a plasmaferese permitiu a melhora da função renal da paciente poupando-a de tornar-se dialítica- dependente. Discussão: A paciente iniciou a doença através de insuficiência renal assintomática, com valores de função renal compatíveis com o estágio mais avançado de doença renal crônica, ultrassonografia dos rins sem alterações compatíveis e sem os sintomas respiratórios esperados. Segundo a literatura, a combinação de imunossupressores e plasmaferese associa-se à recuperação renal em três meses com sobrevivência sem necessidade de diálise por 12 meses, no caso relatado, obteve-se tal resultado em 22 dias sem a necessidade de diálise após um ano. Conclusão: Devido ao diagnóstico precoce, o tratamento adequado foi instalado rapidamente proporcionando à paciente um aumento da expectativa e da qualidade de vida, evitando dependência de terapia renal substitutiva.Palavras-Chave: Granulomatose de Wegener, Plasmaferese, Doença renal crônica.  ABSTRACTIntroduction: The Wegener's Granulomatosis (WG) is a rare and idiopathic vasculitis associated with the presence of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA), that affects, preferentially, the small vessels. The clinical manifestations are diverse, occurring in over 90% of cases, symptoms in the respiratory tract. Kidney damage is a late and bad prognostic predictor. Morbidity in the medium and long term includes chronic renal failure. The probability of renal function maintenance success depends on serum creatinine concentration at the beginning of treatment that indicates the importance of early diagnosis and deployment of an appropriate therapy. Case Report: We present a case of a 61-year-old female patient, carrier of GW with advanced renal impairment presentation, not preceded by expected pulmonary symptoms. The immunosuppressive treatment associated with plasmapheresis allowed the improvement of the patient’s renal function, saving her from becoming dialysis-dependent Discussion: The patient developed the disease through asymptomatic renal failure, renal function with values that are compatible with the most advanced stage of chronic kidney disease, ultrasound of the kidneys without compatible changes and without the expected respiratory symptoms. According to the literature, the combination of immunosuppressive drugs and plasmapheresis is associated with renal recovery in three months with survival without dialysis for 12 months. In this case, a result was obtained in 22 days without the need for dialysis after one year. Conclusion: Due to the early diagnosis, appropriate treatment was quickly installed giving the patient increased life expectancy and quality, preventing dependence on renal replacement therapy.Keywords: Wegener’s granulomatosis, Plasmapheresis, Chronic renal failure.


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