Transection of cervical trachea following blunt trauma

1995 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hosny ◽  
S. Bhendwal ◽  
A. Hosni

AbstractLaryngotracheal injuries are relatively rare but their mortality rate is fairly high. Complete disruption of the trachea is extremely rare and a systematic approach is needed for early diagnosis and favourable outcome. The patient's symptoms and physical signs do not necessarily correlate with the severity of the injury as this case report highlights. X-rays, CT scans, barium swallows and endoscopies are recommended for evaluation of such injuries. However, direct laryngoscopy and fibre optic bronchoscopy are the most accurate.

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-495
Author(s):  
Fjolla Hyseni ◽  
Valon Vokshi ◽  
Erisa Kola ◽  
Sawsan Fathma ◽  
Ali Guy ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Božana Miklaušić Pavić

Leptospirosis is one of the most globally widespread zoonosis caused by pathogenic spirochetes from genus Leptospira spp. Icteric leptospirosis is a severe form of the disease which affects 5-15% of patients with leptospirosis, is often rapidly progressive and has a high mortality rate. Early diagnosis of leptospirosis is crucial for initiation of adequate antimicrobial therapy in order to prevent the advent of complications and reduce mortality. Literature offers an increasing amount of evidence that early application of corticosteroids affects the course of the disease, prevents the onset of multiorgan failure, reduces mortality and reduces the duration of hospitalization. This paper is a case report of a patient with severe icteric leptospirosis who was treated with antimicrobial and corticosteroid therapy. The patient recovered fully, with no remaining morbidity after the severe disease.


2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 71-73
Author(s):  
Dr.Sunanda joshi ◽  
Dr.Nalini Mittal ◽  
Dr. Tarun Kumar Ravi

Ultrasound ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-270
Author(s):  
Arjit Agarwal ◽  
Shubhra Agarwal ◽  
Astha Lalwani ◽  
Rehana Najam ◽  
Ashutosh Kumar

Introduction Non-immune hydrops fetalis is a condition with poor fetal prognosis. The incidence of this clinical condition is increasing as compared to its iso-immune variant. The diagnosis of hydrops fetalis is straightforward; however, delineating the primary cause of non-immune hydrops fetalis requires a holistic approach and background knowledge of the entity. Case report We present a case of non-immune hydrops fetalis due to a rare functional cardiac disorder demonstrated by features of cardiac failure in the form of clinically significant tricuspid regurgitation detected on echocardiography. Fetal autopsy supported the diagnosis by excluding any structural anomaly. Discussion Non-immune hydrops fetalis may be due to structural and non-structural cardiac anomalies. Meticulous work-up is required to establish the diagnosis in such cases. Conclusion The case also highlights the systematic approach as well as the series of investigations required for the early diagnosis and management of such cases.


2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (241) ◽  
pp. 932-934
Author(s):  
Tulasa Basnet ◽  
Punita Yadav ◽  
Manoj Kumar Sah ◽  
Jyotsna Yadav

Interstitial pregnancy is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy with a high risk of massive hemorrhage on rupture as compared to ectopic on other sites. The mortality rate for the ruptured interstitial pregnancy is high. Therefore, early diagnosis of such pregnancy before the rupture occurs facilitates appropriate management and avoids life-threatening complications. With the advancement in diagnostic imaging modalities, early diagnosis and more conservative management for interstitial pregnancy have become possible. Here, we report a case of primigravida diagnosed with interstitial pregnancy with ultrasonography and successfully managed with a single dose of methotrexate.


Urology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelena Edwards ◽  
Niccolo M. Passoni ◽  
Rebecca Collins ◽  
Smitha Vidi ◽  
Jyothsna Gattineni ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramla Mizouri ◽  
Radhouene Gharbi ◽  
Sonda Sellami ◽  
Ines Kammoun

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-67
Author(s):  
Aline Dos Santos ◽  
Ana Caroline Balducci Scafi ◽  
Luciene Azevedo Morais ◽  
Pablo Girardelli Mendonça Mesquita

RESUMOIntrodução: A Granulomatose de Wegener (GW) é uma vasculite rara e idiopática associada à presença do anticorpo Anticitoplasma de Neutrófilo (ANCA) que acomete, preferencialmente, os pequenos vasos. As manifestações clínicas são diversas, ocorrendo em mais de 90% dos casos, sintomas do trato respiratório. O comprometimento renal é tardio e preditor de mau prognóstico.  Sua morbidade a médio e longo prazo inclui insuficiência renal crônica. A probabilidade de sucesso de manutenção da função renal depende da concentração sérica de creatinina ao início do tratamento, o que indica a importância do diagnóstico e terapêutica adequada precoces. Casuística: Relata-se o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 61 anos, portadora de GW com comprometimento renal avançado à apresentação não precedido por sintomas pulmonares esperados. O tratamento imunossupressor associado a plasmaferese permitiu a melhora da função renal da paciente poupando-a de tornar-se dialítica- dependente. Discussão: A paciente iniciou a doença através de insuficiência renal assintomática, com valores de função renal compatíveis com o estágio mais avançado de doença renal crônica, ultrassonografia dos rins sem alterações compatíveis e sem os sintomas respiratórios esperados. Segundo a literatura, a combinação de imunossupressores e plasmaferese associa-se à recuperação renal em três meses com sobrevivência sem necessidade de diálise por 12 meses, no caso relatado, obteve-se tal resultado em 22 dias sem a necessidade de diálise após um ano. Conclusão: Devido ao diagnóstico precoce, o tratamento adequado foi instalado rapidamente proporcionando à paciente um aumento da expectativa e da qualidade de vida, evitando dependência de terapia renal substitutiva.Palavras-Chave: Granulomatose de Wegener, Plasmaferese, Doença renal crônica.  ABSTRACTIntroduction: The Wegener's Granulomatosis (WG) is a rare and idiopathic vasculitis associated with the presence of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA), that affects, preferentially, the small vessels. The clinical manifestations are diverse, occurring in over 90% of cases, symptoms in the respiratory tract. Kidney damage is a late and bad prognostic predictor. Morbidity in the medium and long term includes chronic renal failure. The probability of renal function maintenance success depends on serum creatinine concentration at the beginning of treatment that indicates the importance of early diagnosis and deployment of an appropriate therapy. Case Report: We present a case of a 61-year-old female patient, carrier of GW with advanced renal impairment presentation, not preceded by expected pulmonary symptoms. The immunosuppressive treatment associated with plasmapheresis allowed the improvement of the patient’s renal function, saving her from becoming dialysis-dependent Discussion: The patient developed the disease through asymptomatic renal failure, renal function with values that are compatible with the most advanced stage of chronic kidney disease, ultrasound of the kidneys without compatible changes and without the expected respiratory symptoms. According to the literature, the combination of immunosuppressive drugs and plasmapheresis is associated with renal recovery in three months with survival without dialysis for 12 months. In this case, a result was obtained in 22 days without the need for dialysis after one year. Conclusion: Due to the early diagnosis, appropriate treatment was quickly installed giving the patient increased life expectancy and quality, preventing dependence on renal replacement therapy.Keywords: Wegener’s granulomatosis, Plasmapheresis, Chronic renal failure.


Author(s):  
Sameer Peer ◽  
Vivek Murumkar ◽  
Karthik Kulanthaivelu ◽  
Chandrajit Prasad ◽  
Shilpa Rao ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DLGNT) has been recently described in the literature. The complete neuroimaging spectrum and histopathological characteristics of this entity are yet to be elucidated. In an endemic region, diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement on neuroimaging with associated communicating hydrocephalus is usually suggestive of infective meningitis and the patients are started on empirical anti-microbial therapy. However, it is important to consider other differential diagnosis of leptomeningeal enhancement in such cases, particularly if the clinical condition does not improve on anti-microbial therapy. An early diagnosis of a neoplastic etiology may be of particular importance as the treatment regimens vary considerably depending on the underlying disease condition. Case presentation In this case report, we describe a case of DLGNT with high-grade histopathological features which was initially managed as tubercular meningitis based on the initial neuroimaging findings. Due to worsening of the clinical course and subsequent imaging findings at follow-up, a diagnosis of DLGNT was considered and subsequently proven to be DLGNT with features of anaplasia on histopathological examination of leptomeningeal biopsy specimen. Conclusion This case highlights the importance of recognizing certain subtle finding on MRI which may help in an early diagnosis of DLGNT which is crucial for appropriate treatment.


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