scholarly journals Detecting Extremists Online: Examining Online Posting Behaviors of Violent and Non-Violent Right-Wing Extremists

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Scrivens ◽  
Steven M. Chermak ◽  
Joshua D. Freilich ◽  
Thomas W. Wojciechowski ◽  
Richard Frank
Keyword(s):  
Right Wing ◽  
Digital Footprint ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
The Future ◽  
Digital Footprints ◽  
Online Posting

Like most of us, violent extremists often leave a digital footprint behind. Researchers, practitioners, and policymakers raise questions about whether violent individuals can be identified online prior to their attacks offline based on their online posting behaviors. Despite ongoing concerns, few empirically grounded analyses have identified which online users have engaged in violent extremism offline and then assessed their digital footprints, and fewer analyses have identified differences in posting behaviors of those who share extreme ideological beliefs but are violent or non-violent in the offline world. This policy note highlights the importance of both identifying and examining the online behaviors of violent and non-violent extremists in preventing and countering violent extremism (P/CVE) and provides researchers, practitioners, and policymakers with a number of recommendations for detecting and analyzing the online behaviors of violent and non-violent extremists in the future.

Countering terrorism or criminalizing curiosity? The troubled history of UK responses to right-wing and other extremism

2021 ◽  
pp. 147377952198934
Author(s):  
Lucia Zedner
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Hate Crime ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Political Ideas ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Right Wing Extremism

The growth of right-wing extremism, especially where it segues into hate crime and terrorism, poses new challenges for governments, not least because its perpetrators are typically lone actors, often radicalized online. The United Kingdom has struggled to define, tackle or legitimate against extremism, though it already has an extensive array of terrorism-related offences that target expression, encouragement, publication and possession of terrorist material. In 2019, the United Kingdom went further to make viewing terrorist-related material online on a single occasion a crime carrying a 15-year maximum sentence. This article considers whether UK responses to extremism, particularly those that target non-violent extremism, are necessary, proportionate, effective and compliant with fundamental rights. It explores whether criminalizing the curiosity of those who explore radical political ideas constitutes legitimate criminalization or overextends state power and risks chilling effects on freedom of speech, association, academic freedom, journalistic enquiry and informed public debate—all of which are the lifeblood of a liberal democracy.

Digital footprints in the university space

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-72
Author(s):  
Timur Khusyainov
Keyword(s):  
Personal Data ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Digital Footprint ◽  
Digital Environments ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The University ◽  
Digital Footprints

This work considers the use of digital traces in the educational environment and the specifics of their collection and analysis at the university. One way or another, all participants in the educational process, as well as those who can potentially become them, for example, applicants, leave digital traces in the digital environments of the university and the Global Network in general, and these traces can be analyzed. At the same time, even the university itself as an organization leaves a certain digital footprint on the Internet. At the moment, most researchers are very optimistic, contemplating on what positive changes can be brought by the analysis of digital traces of applicants, students and teachers for the development of the university itself, the educa-tional process, and the formation of individual learning paths. In contrast to this, the author identifies a number of possible prospects for the analysis of Big Data and the use of Artificial Intelligence for education at the university of the future. Attention is focused on how this can affect the safety of the environment and conflict with ethical standards. Participants in the educational process, falling under the analysis of their digital traces, can both suffer because of them, even if their activities have not been in any way connected with the university, and begin to hide their true digital identity, creating «false» digital traces and becoming anon-ymous. The author assumes that an increase in such control covering actions, thoughts and emotions naturally results in the emergence of the concept of a «Dark» University, which distances itself as much as possible from such methods of analyzing personal data.

Remains of Socialism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Nadkarni
Keyword(s):  
Early Years ◽  
State Socialism ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Illiberal Democracy ◽  
The Future ◽  
Physical Objects

This book investigates the changing fates of the socialist past in postsocialist Hungary. The book introduces the concept of “remains”—both physical objects and cultural remainders—to analyze all that Hungarians sought to leave behind after the end of state socialism. Spanning more than two decades of postsocialist transformation, the book follows Hungary from the optimism of the early years of transition to its recent right-wing turn toward illiberal democracy. The book analyzes remains that range from exiled statues of Lenin to the socialist-era “Bambi” soda, and from discredited official histories to the scandalous secrets of the communist regime's informers. It demonstrates that these remains were far more than simply the leftovers of an unwanted past. Ultimately, the struggles to define remains of socialism and settle their fates would represent attempts to determine the future—and to mourn futures that never materialized.

Leveraging on Digital Footprints to Identify Potential Security Threats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1003-1017
Author(s):  
Loo Seng Neo
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Technological Interventions ◽  
The World ◽  
Digital Footprints ◽  
Malicious Intent

The growing pervasiveness of the internet and the rise of social media have revolutionised how individuals communicate and interact with one another. Serving as an effective conduit for communication, these technological advancements have also been exploited by individuals with malicious intent (e.g., criminals, violent extremists). As the world witnesses an upward trend of such crime and security concerns in the online sphere, it places the ‘responsibility' on intelligence and law enforcement agencies to respond with the appropriate technological interventions. Thus, this article will discuss how digital footprints can be leveraged to identify potential security threats, particularly for crime and security issues that will result in negative repercussion at the national level, such as acts of violent extremism and hate crimes.

Conclusions: The Future of Gender, Violent Extremism and CVE

2020 ◽  
pp. 311-328
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Pearson ◽  
Emily Winterbotham ◽  
Katherine E. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Violent Extremism ◽  
The Future

Deradicalization in Germany

2019 ◽  
pp. 39-58
Author(s):  
Arie W. Kruglanski ◽  
David Webber ◽  
Daniel Koehler
Keyword(s):  
Right Wing ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
History Of

The purpose of Chapter 3 is to elucidate the deradicalization and counter-extremism approaches that have been used in Germany. Relative to other countries, Germany has had a sustained history of involvement in efforts to rehabilitate extremists (right wing and other) that could serve as models for similar efforts worldwide. These tactics are often referred to as countering violent extremism (CVE). The chapter is divided into sections discussing the history of CVE in Germany, constraints and difficulties encountered by the German CVE enterprise, assessment of the success of CVE efforts in Germany, and anticipated developments within the field.

How to Write About Superheroes

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 598-608
Author(s):  
Stephanie Burt
Keyword(s):  
Racial Politics ◽  
Reception History ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Captain America ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Transformative Potential ◽  
The Future

Abstract Eighty years after the first Superman comic, scholars are catching up to the importance, and to the popularity, of superheroes in comics and in other media. Recent monographs and edited collections examine racial politics, disabilities, other identities, and reception history across a range of decades and of superhero characters. Most of these worthy works remain within the limits of critique, judging the comics on how well they handle one or another theme; the result is a picture of superhero comics that cannot do justice to the genre. To them and to their like, the academic critics of the future might add—what vernacular comics critics already contribute—additional attention to what one or another character does best, to the transformative potential of even minor superhero work, and to how commercially produced superhero comics at their best handle narrative form. One superhero symbol can work many ways, as Neal Curtis’s examination of Truth and other Captain America stories shows: Cap has repeatedly fought off right-wing doubles, alternatively costumed versions of himself who aspired to make America white again.

scholarly journals Challenges to Ethnos (έθνος) in a Global Society

2016 ◽  
pp. 104-126
Author(s):  
Areti Demosthenous
Keyword(s):  
Nation Building ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Global Village ◽  
Global Society ◽  
Broad Term ◽  
The Future ◽  
Academic Discussion

Challenges to Ethnos (έθνος) in a Global SocietyEthnos is a broad term, often understood as an element in nation making, or else an umbrella term for the processes of building the modern nation. The academic discussion around ethnos nowadays is being challenged not only by the principles of globalization, and with them a possibility of a global village, where nations will or will not have an important role, but also the efforts to establish states based on faith and strong ideology on the part of some right wing parties or the supporters of the Muslim caliphate. This article presents a short study on the problems created by globalization and discusses the parameters of possible influences imposed on the nation by world coalitions and associations. It addresses questions like: Can the nation survive in a globalized society? What kinds of nations might be developed in the future? Is the Greek ethnos compatible with these developments? What is the relation of radicalization and terrorism to nation building? Ethnos (έθνος) a wyzwania społeczeństwa globalnegoEthnos jest terminem o szerokim zakresie semantycznym, zwykle rozumianym jako jeden z elementów, z których konstruuje się naród, albo przeciwnie jako termin-worek na określenie procesu budowy nowoczesnego narodu. Dzisiejsze dyskusje naukowe wokół terminu ethnos odbywają się w obliczu wyzwań związanych nie tylko z potencjalną globalną wioską, w której narody mogą odgrywać ważną rolę lub też jej nie odgrywać, lecz również z podejmowanymi przez partie prawicowe czy zwolenników muzułmańskiego kalifatu próbami budowania silnie zideologizowanych państw opartych na religii. Niniejszy artykuł jest krótkim studium problemów związanych z globalizacją, rozważa także zakres możliwego wpływu światowych koalicji i stowarzyszeń na narody. Formułuję szereg pytań, jak choćby: Czy narody mają szansę przeżyć w społeczeństwie globalnym? Jaki rodzaj narodów wykształci się w przyszłości? Jaki los czeka w związku z tym grecki ethnos? Jakie są relacje pomiędzy radykalizacją i terroryzmem a procesem budowania narodów?

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