Exposure to microwave radiation has no impact on the global sleep quality of people living in the vicinity of base transceiver stations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-514
Author(s):  
Margaret Messiah Singh ◽  
Priyanka Chandel ◽  
Atanu Kumar Pati ◽  
Arti Parganiha
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
Anal Ysis ◽  
Sleep Parameters ◽  
Base Transceiver Station ◽  
Good Sleep

Occupational exposure to microwave radiation (MWR) has become an inevi-table part of life. Therefore, it is essential to assess the MWR effect on hu-man health. In this study, we examined the non-thermal effect of MWR from base transceiver station (BTS) on humans' sleep quality. Total 1150 partici-pants of different zones based on distance from BTS (145 from inter-tower/zone A; 256 from 0-150m/zone B; 241 from 150-300m/zone C, 381 from 300-500m/zone D), and 127 controls from the area without BTS installations were included. We recorded the electric field strength at the subject’s resi-dence using NBM-550 equipped with probe EF0-391. We assessed the sub-jects' sleep quality by administering the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Ques-tionnaire. ANOVA revealed statistically significantly higher electric-field strength in zone B and zone A. Participants of all the groups exhibited a glob-al PSQI score less than the accepted median score of <5. This implies that subjects of all groups had good sleep quality. However, a more detailed anal-ysis using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests revealed that the participants of exposed zones (except zone D), females, and residents of the 1-5y group had decreased sleep quality compared to control, males, and subjects of >5y group, respectively. From the above findings, it can be con-cluded that the MWR had little effect on the sleep quality, but it does modu-late sleep parameters within the accepted range of good sleep quality as a function of the zone, gender, and year of residence. However, extensive studies involving more BTS are desirable to validate the above conclusion.

Measuring the Electric Field Strength of Microwave Radiation at the Frequency of the Radiation Transition Between Rydberg States of Atoms 85Rb

2020 ◽  
Vol 128 (8) ◽  
pp. 1067-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. F. Stelmashenko ◽  
O. A. Klezovich ◽  
V. N. Baryshev ◽  
V. A. Tishchenko ◽  
I. Yu. Blinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
Rydberg States ◽  
Radiation Transition

Effects of Pulsed Electric Field Processing and Storage on the Quality and Stability of Single-Strength Orange Juice

2002 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 1623-1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. AYHAN ◽  
Q. H. ZHANG ◽  
D. B. MIN
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Orange Juice ◽  
Sensory Quality ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Ethyl Butyrate ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

The effects of pulsed electric field (PEF) processing on microorganisms in orange juice and on the flavor and color of the juice during storage for 112 days at 4 and 22°C were investigated. Single-strength orange juice was PEF processed at an electric field strength of 35 kV/cm for 59 μs and placed into sterilized glass bottles in a sanitary glove box. PEF-processed orange juice was microbiologically stable at 4 and 22°C for 112 days. PEF processing resulted in significant increases in the hydrocarbons d-limonene, α-pinene, myrecene, and valencene (P ≤ 0.05) but did not have any effect on octanal, decanal, ethyl butyrate, and linalool. The levels of hydrocarbon compounds did not change at 4 and 22°C in 112 days. Octanal, decanal, ethyl butyrate, and linalool levels significantly decreased in 14 days at 4°C and in 2 days at 22°C. The decrease in these compounds did not have a significant effect on the sensory quality of the orange juice (P ≥ 0.05). The microorganisms in PEF-processed orange juice, along with the flavor and color of the juice, remained stable at 4°C for 112 days.

scholarly journals Cell Permeabilisation, Microstructure and Quality of Dehydrated Apple Slices Treated with Pulsed Electric Field During Blanching

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Om Prakash Chauhan ◽  
Shima Shayanfar ◽  
Stefan Topefl
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Pulsed Electric Field ◽  
Cell Permeabilization ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Apple Slices ◽  
Microscopic Studies

ABSTRACTEffect of pulsed electric field as a blanching pretreatment on cell permeabilization, microstructure and quality of dehydrated apple slices was studied. Apple slices were pulsed electric field pretreated (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kV/cm using 25 and 75 pulses) at a temperature of 60 and 80°C in water followed by dehydration at 60°C in a cabinet dryer. Cell disintegration index was found to increase significantly (p<0.05) with increase in the electric field strength, number of pulses and blanching temperature and thereby reducing the drying time. The dehydrated slices showed lower hardness and higher lightness (L*) values for the samples treated at higher electric field strength for longer durations. Scanning electron microscopic studies of samples revealed better retention of cellular integrity when pre-treated at a low level of PEF (1.0 kV/cm using 25 pulses) and blanched at low temperature (60°C). However, the samples treated to a level of 1.5 kV/cm and 75 pulses of PEF with subsequent blanching temperature 80°C was found to yield optimum cell permeabilization. The study suggests that PEF can be used as an effective blanching pretreatment for achieve good quality dehydrated apple slices in less drying time. 

Optical Measurement of the Electric Field Strength in a Gel Insulator

2016 ◽  
Vol 136 (10) ◽  
pp. 1420-1421
Author(s):  
Yusuke Tanaka ◽  
Yuji Nagaoka ◽  
Hyeon-Gu Jeon ◽  
Masaharu Fujii ◽  
Haruo Ihori
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Optical Measurement

Effect of external magnetic field on lane formation in driven pair-ion plasmas

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Baruah ◽  
U. Sarma ◽  
R. Ganesh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Coupling Parameter ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Coulomb Coupling ◽  
Lane Formation ◽  
Parameter Values

Lane formation dynamics in externally driven pair-ion plasma (PIP) particles is studied in the presence of external magnetic field using Langevin dynamics (LD) simulation. The phase diagram obtained distinguishing the no-lane and lane states is systematically determined from a study of various Coulomb coupling parameter values. A peculiar lane formation-disintegration parameter space is identified; lane formation area extended to a wide range of Coulomb coupling parameter values is observed before disappearing to a mixed phase. The different phases are identified by calculating the order parameter. This and the critical parameters are calculated directly from LD simulation. The critical electric field strength value above which the lanes are formed distinctly is obtained, and it is observed that in the presence of the external magnetic field, the PIP system requires a higher value of the electric field strength to enter into the lane formation state than that in the absence of the magnetic field. We further find out the critical value of electric field frequency beyond which the system exhibits a transition back to the disordered state and this critical frequency is found as an increasing function of the electric field strength in the presence of an external magnetic field. The movement of the lanes is also observed in a direction perpendicular to that of the applied electric and magnetic field directions, which reveals the existence of the electric field drift in the system under study. We also use an oblique force field as the external driving force, both in the presence and absence of the external magnetic field. The application of this oblique force changes the orientation of the lane structures for different applied oblique angle values.

scholarly journals Thermal Comfort and Sleep Quality of Indonesian Students Living in Japan during Summer and Winter

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Wiwik Budiawan ◽  
Kazuyo Tsuzuki
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Subjective Sleepiness ◽  
Adaptive Action ◽  
Quality Sleep ◽  
Sleep Parameters

Thermal comfort is crucial in satisfaction and maintaining quality sleep for occupants. In this study, we investigated the comfort temperature in the bedroom at night and sleep quality for Indonesian students during summer and winter. Eighteen male Indonesian students aged 29 ± 4 years participated in this study. The participants had stayed in Japan for about six months. We evaluated the sleep parameters using actigraphy performed during summer and winter. All participants completed the survey regarding thermal sensation, physical conditions, and subjective sleepiness before sleep. The temperature and relative humidity of participants’ bedrooms were also measured. We found that the duration on the bed during winter was significantly longer than that during summer. However, sleeping efficiency during winter was significantly worse than that during summer. The bedroom temperature of the participants was in the range of comfort temperature in Indonesia. With the average bedroom air temperature of 22.2 °C, most of the participants still preferred “warm” and felt “slightly comfortable” during winter. The average comfort temperature each season calculated using the Griffiths method was 28.1 °C during summer and 23.5 °C during winter. In conclusion, differences in adaptive action affect bedroom thermal conditions. Furthermore, habits encourage the sleep performance of Indonesian students.

scholarly journals Investigating the feasibility of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation to facilitate post-stroke overground gait performance in chronic stroke: a partial least-squares regression approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhaval Solanki ◽  
Zeynab Rezaee ◽  
Anirban Dutta ◽  
Uttama Lahiri
Keyword(s):  
Field Strength ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Field Strength ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Gait Performance ◽  
Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Investigation of lobule-specific electric field effects of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (ctDCS) on overground gait performance has not been performed, so this study aimed to investigate the feasibility of two lobule-specific bilateral ctDCS montages to facilitate overground walking in chronic stroke. Methods Ten chronic post-stroke male subjects participated in this repeated-measure single-blind crossover study, where we evaluated the single-session effects of two bilateral ctDCS montages that applied 2 mA via 3.14 cm2 disc electrodes for 15 min targeting (a) dentate nuclei (also, anterior and posterior lobes), and (b) lower-limb representations (lobules VIIb-IX). A two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test was performed at a 5% significance level on the percent normalized change measures in the overground gait performance. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis was performed on the quantitative gait parameters as response variables to the mean lobular electric field strength as the predictors. Clinical assessments were performed with the Ten-Meter walk test (TMWT), Timed Up & Go (TUG), and the Berg Balance Scale based on minimal clinically important differences (MCID). Results The ctDCS montage specific effect was found significant using a two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test at a 5% significance level for 'Step Time Affected Leg' (p = 0.0257) and '%Stance Time Unaffected Leg' (p = 0.0376). The changes in the quantitative gait parameters were found to be correlated to the mean electric field strength in the lobules based on PLSR analysis (R2 statistic = 0.6574). Here, the mean electric field strength at the cerebellar lobules, Vermis VIIIb, Ipsi-lesional IX, Vermis IX, Ipsi-lesional X, had the most loading and were positively related to the 'Step Time Affected Leg' and '%Stance Time Unaffected Leg,' and negatively related to the '%Swing Time Unaffected Leg,' '%Single Support Time Affected Leg.' Clinical assessments found similar improvement in the TMWT (MCID: 0.10 m/s), TUG (MCID: 8 s), and BBS score (MCID: 12.5 points) for both the ctDCS montages. Conclusion Our feasibility study found an association between the lobular mean electric field strength and the changes in the quantitative gait parameters following a single ctDCS session in chronic stroke. Both the ctDCS montages improved the clinical outcome measures that should be investigated with a larger sample size for clinical validation. Trial registration: Being retrospectively registered.

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