Rurality

Folk Horror ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 79-120
Author(s):  
Adam Scovell
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Rural Living ◽  
Experimental Feature ◽  
Topographical Difference ◽  
Dual Character ◽  
Narrative Worlds ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Ways Of Life

This chapter investigates the use of the rural setting in Folk Horror. David Gladwell's 1976 experimental feature Requiem for a Village questions the logic of such location-bred violence by looking into darker aspects of the rural. This is not simply through emphasis upon the topographical difference between urban and rural areas but more akin to the accoutrements of rural living and lifestyle; the aesthetics of farming, and other practices that are required to live off the land have a dual character of violence and history. Folk Horror regularly builds its sense of the horrific around societies and groups of people that have very specific ways of life, and it is not by sheer chance that these often happen to be rural rather than urban. This sense of divide between the two accounts for what was called ‘skewed belief systems and ideologies’, but there is more to it than the allowing of pulp forms of paganism and occultism to grow; Folk Horror uses the otherness that can be attributed to rural life to warp the very reality of its narrative worlds and often for its own explicit means.

scholarly journals Motivation and job satisfaction of healthcare professionals in urban and rural areas in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Grujicic ◽  
Jelena Jovicic-Bata ◽  
Budimka Novakovic
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Rural Healthcare ◽  
Quality Health Care ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Autonomous Province

Introduction. ?otivation and job satisfaction of healthcare professionals represent the basis for providing quality health care. The aim of the study was to establish whether ther? is a difference in motivation and job satisfaction among healthcare professionals in urban and rural areas in Vojvodina, Serbia. Material and Methods. The study included 574 healthcare professionals in urban area, and 145 in rural setting, from three health centers. Data collection was performed by a self-administered questionnaire. Results. Urban healthcare professionals, compared to rural healthcare workers, were significantly more motivated by the factor of work motivation - achieving the goals of the health center. In comparison with rural healthcare professionals, urban healthcare workers are significantly more satisfied with personal qualities of their immediate supervisors, job security guaranteed by their institution, immediate support at work they received from managers, and professional supervision of their work. Conclusion. Compared to rural healthcare professionals, urban healthcare workers are more work motivated and job satisfied.

scholarly journals Bank Presence and Rural Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Guowen Chen ◽  
Weifeng Ma
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Panel Estimation ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Income Differences ◽  
Rural Living ◽  
Rural Income ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Rural development is critical to raise rural living standards and reduce income differences between urban and rural areas. Much literature has explored factors that could affect rural development, and we investigate the effects of bank presence in rural areas on rural income. Using Chinese provincial-level data from 2005 to 2017, we quantify the effects of bank presence on rural income. Specifically, we use the number of banks per town to measure bank presence and use rural income per capita of each province to measure rural income. With the ordinal least square model and dynamic panel estimation, we find that bank presence increases rural income. Rural income increases the same year with banks appear in town, and the effects of bank presence last for years on rural income. However, we do not find significant evidence that bank presence in rural areas also contributes to the reduction of the income difference between urban and rural areas.

scholarly journals TOPOI – A method for analysing settlement units and their linkages in an urban–rural fabric

2022 ◽  
pp. 239980832110438
Author(s):  
Vanessa Carlow ◽  
Olaf Mumm ◽  
Dirk Neumann ◽  
Anne-Kathrin Schneider ◽  
Boris Schröder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Form Function ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Spatial Linkages ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Many years, urbanisation research has largely focused the development of urban agglomerations and megacity regions, whereas less attention was paid on the development of medium-sized cities, small towns, villages, or rural areas. Yet many interrelations and spatial linkages between urban and rural areas exist. In this paper, we present a novel method called ‘TOPOI’ for the integrated analysis and description of settlement units in an urban–rural setting. The TOPOI-method enhances the understanding of the built environment by clustering and describing settlement units of similar characteristics with view to their physical form, function, and connectivity. The method is built on known planning parameters, but does not limit the analysis of settlement units to their administrative boundaries. Based on 11 indicators, 13 TOPOI-classes were identified in two exemplary study regions revealing new insights into urban–rural settlement types. This allows a better understanding of urban–rural linkages and therefore opens up new pathways for a more sustainable development.

scholarly journals Mosses as indicators of atmospheric metal deposition in an industrial area of southern Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Correa Mazzoni ◽  
Rosane Lanzer ◽  
Juçara Bordin ◽  
Alois Schäfer ◽  
Ronaldo Wasum
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Deposition ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Metal Deposition ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Atmospheric Contamination ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Caxias do Sul hosts the second largest metal-mechanic pole in Brazil, which increases the risk of atmospheric contamination. With the aim of identifying species that might be useful as indicators of atmospheric deposition of metals, 15 species of mosses from an urban and a rural setting were analyzed and compared with specimens deposited at the Herbarium of the Universidade de Caxias do Sul. Metal concentrations (Zn, Ni, Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb) were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS). The Mann-Whitney test indicated concentrations of Zn, Cu, Pb and Cr that were significantly different between the urban and rural areas. Additionally, Concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cu and Pb were significantly higher in recently collected samples. The species Thuidium tomentosum Besch., Sematophyllum subpinnatum (Brid.) E. Britton, Helicodontium capillare (Hedw.) A. Jaeger, Schlotheimia jamesonii (W.-Arnott) Brid. and Meteorium deppei (Hornsch. ex Müll. Hal.) Mitt. are potential biomonitors of atmospheric metal deposition.

The Study of Rural Human Settlement Environmental Constructing Situation and Countermeasures of Optimizing of Jilin Province

2013 ◽  
Vol 368-370 ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Jing Lv ◽  
Ai Jia Wang ◽  
Wen Jing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Jilin Province ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Rural Living ◽  
The Past ◽  
Improvement Measures ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Construction

This article sort out and study on rural construction situation during the past five years in Jilin Province, from the energy-saving perspective, analyzed many factors constraints the sustainable development of rural countryside construction in Jilin Province, and give specific recommendations for improvement measures for future implementation of the integration of urban and rural areas of rural living environment construction.

Three hundred years of House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) persecution in Germany

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. SEITZ
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
House Sparrow ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
World War ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Second World

Modernization of agriculture, economic development and population increase after the end of the Thirty Years' War caused authorities in many parts of Germany to decree the eradication of so-called pest animals, including the House Sparrow. Farmers were given targets, and had to deliver the heads of sparrows in proportion to the size of their farms or pay fines. At the end of the eighteenth century German ornithologists argued against the eradication of the sparrows. During the mid-nineteenth century, C. L. Gloger, the pioneer of bird protection in Germany, emphasized the value of the House Sparrow in controlling insect plagues. Many decrees were abolished because either they had not been obeyed, or had resulted in people protecting sparrows so that they always had enough for their “deliveries”. Surprisingly, various ornithologists, including Ernst Hartert and the most famous German bird conservationist Freiherr Berlepsch, joined in the war against sparrows at the beginning of the twentieth century, because sparrows were regarded as competitors of more useful bird species. After the Second World War, sparrows were poisoned in large numbers. Persecution of sparrows ended in Germany in the 1970s. The long period of persecution had a significant but not long-lasting impact on House Sparrow populations, and therefore cannot be regarded as a factor in the recent decline of this species in urban and rural areas of western and central Europe.

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