scholarly journals Mental health interventions for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis patients with alcohol use disorders, Zhytomyr, Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (09.1) ◽  
pp. 25S-33S
Author(s):  
Vitalii Plokhykh ◽  
Marve Duka ◽  
Laurel Cassidy ◽  
Chung-Yu Chen ◽  
Khachatur Malakyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
Culture Conversion

Introduction: Despite concerted efforts, Ukraine is challenged by increasing rates of multidrug and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) comorbid with alcohol use disorder (AUD). This study describes a cohort of RR-TB patients with high alcohol consumption treated in MSF Zhytomyr Project, Ukraine. Methodology: We used programmatic data for 73 RR-TB patients screened with the AUD Identification Test March-July 2019 and followed-up for culture conversion/TB treatment outcome till 31 January 2020. We described socio-demographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics, the level of depressive symptoms, and TB treatment outcomes in three groups: 1) patients with AUD who received mental health interventions (MHI); 2) patients with AUD who did not receive MHI; 3) patients with no AUD. We also found three potential contributors to declining to receive MHI. Results: Main characteristics of the study groups did not differ substantially. Those receiving MHI (mean: nine sessions) were rated for alcohol consumption as ‘hazardous’ (41%), ‘harmful’ (43%) and ‘dependence’ (36%) and had higher depression scores versus the second (p=0.009) and third (p=0.095) groups at baseline. Depressive symptoms declined at 9-month follow-up for all patients. Culture conversion was seen at 77%, 73%, and 83% for each group respectively. We also found three reasons for declining from MHI. Conclusions: We detected little differences across the groups. However, our study cohort demonstrated substantially higher adherence rates, culture conversion and reduction of depressive symptoms than reported globally. We recommend further research on the effectiveness of MHI in changing the drinking habits, quality of life and/or TB treatment outcomes of patients with AUD.

The predictive relationship between sensory reactivity and depressive symptoms in young autistic children with few to no words

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Rossow ◽  
Keren MacLennan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Language Delay ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Sensory Reactivity ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Predictive Relationship

Depression, much like other mental health conditions, is common in autism, with autistic individuals much more likely to be diagnosed than their non-autistic peers. Sensory reactivity differences are also commonly experienced by autistic individuals and have been associated with depressive symptoms. However, there is little understanding of the predictive relationship between sensory reactivity and depressive symptoms, or the nature of this relationship in autistic children who speak few to no words. This study set out to explore the longitudinal relationship between sensory reactivity and depressive symptoms in 33 young autistic children who speak few to no words over two timepoints. We found positive correlations between depressive symptoms and hyper-reactivity and sensory seeking at both timepoints. We further found a bidirectional predictive relationship between depressive symptoms and sensory seeking. These results implicate sensory seeking in the development of depressive symptoms in young autistic children who use few to no words. Our findings have important implications for preventative mental health interventions, especially for those with a developmental language delay.Key words: autism; sensory reactivity; depression; children; language delay

Bericht aus der Vorstandssitzung und Mitgliederversammlung 2012

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 423-424
Author(s):  
Anil Batra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Brief Interventions ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
World Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Harmful Alcohol ◽  
Mental Health Interventions

E-Mental Health Interventions for Harmful Alcohol Use: Research Methods and Questions 2.5 million yearly deaths and 4.6% of the global burden of disease are attributable to the harmful use of alcohol, according to the World Health Organization in 2011. Brief interventions have become increasingly valuable in the management of individuals with alcohol-related problems. The availability and uptake of these brief interventions is however limited. This so-called treatment gap may be narrowed through accessible, effective, and inexpensive treatment programmes. E-mental health interventions would be one promising approach for developing such treatment options, if they are shown to be effective. In this dissertation, the (cost-)effectiveness of two interventions based on cognitive behavioural therapy is subjected to research in three consecutive studies. The two interventions are a non-therapist involved Internet-based self-help programme, and a therapist led Internet therapy, based on textual-chat interaction. The aim of this dissertation is twofold. First, there is a clinical aim: to identify effective and cost-effective e-mental health interventions for harmful alcohol use. Second, there is a methodological aim: to address methodological challenges in the design, execution, and analysis of e-mental health randomized controlled trials. In the coming years, it is expected that the development and dissemination of e-mental health interventions will advance. This dissertation hopes to contribute valuably to the current knowledge base, upon which future research and interventions will build.

scholarly journals Associations between Harmful Experiences from Alcohol Use of Others and Mental Health in Korean Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4240
Author(s):  
Mi Ah Han
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Korean Adolescents ◽  
Increased Risk

This study assessed alcohol-induced harm to those not drinking and investigated its association with mental health in Korean adolescents. The 14th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2018) was used and 60,040 adolescents were analyzed. Harm from others’ alcohol consumption was assessed by four criteria: teasing in public places, being scared in public places, sleep problems, and unsafety of public places due to people drinking alcohol. Mental health included stress, depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and attempted suicide. Harm reported due to the alcohol use of others was 5.8% for teasing in public places, 33.6% for being scared in public places, 5.6% for sleep problems, and 40.2% for unsafety of public places among total study participants. Experiences of teasing in public places due to people who drank alcohol were associated with an increased risk of stress, depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Similarly, experiences of being scared in public places, sleep problems, and unsafety of public places due to people who drank alcohol were associated with poor mental health. In the stratified analysis, alcohol-induced harm was associated with poor mental health in both non-drinkers and drinkers. Harmful experiences from others’ alcohol consumption were associated with poor mental health among Korean adolescents.

Communicative Predictors of Older Adults’ Successful Aging, Mental Health, and Alcohol Use

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quinten S. Bernhold ◽  
Jessica Gasiorek ◽  
Howard Giles
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Alcoholic Drinks ◽  
Relational Partners

We examined how older adults’ communication about age-related topics is related to aging efficacy, successful aging, and well-being. Guided by the communicative ecology model of successful aging, three profiles of “environmental chatter”—that is, patterns of accommodation and overaccommodation older adults received from relational partners—were identified: positive, mixed-positive, and negative. Four profiles of individuals’ own age-related communication were identified, including a new profile: gloomy agers. Chatter profile membership and own age-related communication profile membership indirectly predicted successful aging, depressive symptoms, loneliness, and perceptions of unhealthy alcohol consumption via aging efficacy, but not self-reported alcoholic drinks consumed. Communication by both older adults and their relational partners may be consequential to experiences of successful aging and well-being.

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