scholarly journals Detection of Cancer Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer: Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nour El Hoda S. Ismaiel ◽  
Walid M. Sharaf ◽  
Dina O. Helmy ◽  
Mona M. Zaki ◽  
Manal Abd El-Magied Badawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Tumour Cells ◽  
Tnm Stage ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Lymph Node Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Stage Grouping ◽  
Dukes Classification

BACKGROUND: Growing evidence supports the notion that the onset of tumorigenesis could occur through cancer stem cells (CSCs). These tumour cells show low proliferative rates, high self-renewal capacity, propensity to differentiate into active proliferating tumour cells & resistance to chemoradiotherapy thus, possibly causing local recurrences & metastasis formation. CD44 has been used as a marker to isolate CSCs from colorectal carcinoma (CRC).AIM: To investigate the immunohistochemical expression of cancer stem cells marker (CD44) in CRC and correlate its expression with the clinicopathological aspects, TNM staging and modified Dukes’ classification.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tumour biopsies from colectomy specimens of 60 patients with CRC were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for histological evaluation then immunostained with monoclonal antibodies against CD44 which was detected in term of negative or positive expression.RESULTS: CD44 was demonstrated in 58.3% (35/60) of cases and showed statistically significant correlation with tumour site and histological type (p-value < 0.05). However, CD44 showed statistically insignificant inverse correlation with tumour invasiveness (T), lymph node status (N), grade, TNM stage grouping and modified Dukes’ classification, while it was directly correlated with distant metastasis (M) (p-value > 0.05). Chi-square /Fisher exact test proportion independence and the p-value are set significant at 0.05 level.CONCLUSION: the CD44 rate of expression is higher in the colon than rectum and in adenocarcinoma than mucinous and undifferentiated carcinoma. CD44 showed statistically insignificant relation with T, N, M, grade, TNM stage grouping and modified Dukes’ classification.

Rapid reprogramming of tumour cells into cancer stem cells on double-network hydrogels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Suzuka ◽  
Masumi Tsuda ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Shinji Kohsaka ◽  
Karin Kishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Tumour Cells ◽  
Double Network

scholarly journals Crosstalks Among Cancer Stem Cells and Histopathologic Features in Determining Prognosis in Canine Mammary Gland Carcinomas

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-317
Author(s):  
Havva Marzban ◽  
Gelareh Chamani ◽  
Fariba Khaki ◽  
Parnian Amini ◽  
Nastaran Pedram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Vasculogenic Mimicry ◽  
Lymph Node Status ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Node Status ◽  
Canine Mammary Gland ◽  
Histopathologic Features

Abstract The purpose of the present work was the evaluation of the prognostic potential of histopathologic features, cancer stem cells (CSCs), and epthelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in relation to lymph node status and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in canine mammary gland carcinomas (CMGCs). CSCs are proposed as the main cause of tumorigenesis, therapy failure, and recurrence which form a small fraction of tumor bulk. We evaluated presence of micropapillary growth pattern (MGP), infiltration into surrounding tissues (IST), and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) in H&E stained slides of 26 paraffin-embedded tumor samples. Lymph nodes of all cases were assessed. Additionally, they were examined immunohistochemically in terms of vimentin expression as an indicator of EMT which is a well-known mechanism for metastasis, and CD44, CD24, and ALDH1 for CSCs detection. Data analyses showed significant relationships between MGP and CSCs (P = 0.037), VM and CSCs (P = 0.013), lymph node status and CSCs (P = 0.0001), lymph node status and EMT (P = 0.003), IST and LVI (P = 0.05), VM and LVI (P = 0.01), VM and lymph node status (P = 0.007), and LVI and lymph node status (P = 0.04). Results indicated the prognostic value of MGP, VM, and CSCs with respect to confirmed prognostic markers, including LVI and lymph node involvement, in CMGCs.

scholarly journals Lineage tracing of Notch1-expressing cells in intestinal tumours reveals a distinct population of cancer stem cells

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Mourao ◽  
Guillaume Jacquemin ◽  
Mathilde Huyghe ◽  
Wojciech J. Nawrocki ◽  
Naoual Menssouri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Tumour Cells ◽  
Lineage Tracing ◽  
Intestinal Stem Cells ◽  
Cellular Targets ◽  
Transcriptional Signature ◽  
Stem Cell Populations ◽  
Notch1 Receptor

AbstractColon tumours are hierarchically organized and contain multipotent self-renewing cells, called Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs). We have previously shown that the Notch1 receptor is expressed in Intestinal Stem Cells (ISCs); given the critical role played by Notch signalling in promoting intestinal tumourigenesis, we explored Notch1 expression in tumours. Combining lineage tracing in two tumour models with transcriptomic analyses, we found that Notch1 + tumour cells are undifferentiated, proliferative and capable of indefinite self-renewal and of generating a heterogeneous clonal progeny. Molecularly, the transcriptional signature of Notch1+ tumour cells highly correlates with ISCs, suggestive of their origin from normal crypt cells. Surprisingly, Notch1+ expression labels a subset of CSCs that show reduced levels of Lgr5, a reported CSCs marker. The existence of distinct stem cell populations within intestinal tumours highlights the necessity of better understanding their hierarchy and behaviour, to identify the correct cellular targets for therapy.

Identification and Quantification of “Cancer Stem Cells” in Potentially Malignant and Malignant Disorders of Head and Neck Region: A Flow-Cytometric Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-197
Author(s):  
Vathsala Naik ◽  
Manjunatha M Venkataswamy ◽  
Ruthu Nagraj ◽  
Ganga GK ◽  
Gaurav .
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
P Value ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are subpopulation of cells existent in a cancerous mass of cells. These CSCs hijack the properties of stem cells like self-renewal as well as being resistant to any conventional cancer therapies. The objective of this study was to identify and quantify the presence of these CSCs by using surface markers CD44, CD133, and ALDH1 among three groups of subjects who were age and gender matched (Normal controls, Oral cancers, Potentially malignant disorders). Methodology: This study was conducted in a sample of 108 subjects who were divided into three groups: Group I- Controls (C), Group II- Oral cancer (OC), Group III- Potentially Malignant Disorders (PMDs). Among them, 40 subjects each were present in Group I & II and 28 subjects were included in group III, and they were respectively diagnosed histopathologically as OC and PMDs. The identification of the sub-population of CSCs by means of above mentioned surface markers was done using Flow cytometry. Results interpretation: Non-parametric tests were applied. Median age limit was 59 years in group II, which was higher than Group I or Group III subjects. p-value was 0.002* which was significant. Group I included 19 females (47.5%) and 21 males (52.5%). In Group II, 18 subjects were females (45%) and 22 were males (55%), and in Group III, 17 subjects were females (60.7%) and 11 were males (39.3%). p-value was 0.409, which was not very significant. In group II, 23 subjects (57.5%) were in clinical stage 2, 11 (27,5%) were in clinical stage 1 and six (15%) were in clinical stage 3. Histopathologically in group II, 15 (37.5%) were in grade I, 20 (50%) were in grade II and five (12.5%) were in grade III. Results of the three groups were compared and correlated regarding the presence of cancer stem cells based on the surface markers CD44, CD133 and ALDH1. Unlike other similar studies, our study showed no statistically significant presence of CD44, ALDH1 positive cells, but only CD133 was slightly significant. Inference: The results of our study showed no statistically significant evidence in identification of the presence of cancer stem cells in the oral cancers as well as potentially malignant disorders based on the presence of surface markers.

Cancer stem cells in pancreaticobiliary tumors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Gogolok ◽  
E Seidel ◽  
A Strönisch ◽  
A Reutzel-Selke ◽  
A Andreou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells
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