scholarly journals Mammals of medium and large size in Cerrado remnants in southeastern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-206
Author(s):  
Rafael de Souza Laurindo ◽  
Flávia Regina Nascimento Toledo ◽  
Elias Manna Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Top Predators ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Original Vegetation ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats

The Cerrado is the second largest biome in Brazil and considered a global biodiversity hotspot due to its high species richness, elevated amount of endemisms, and several anthropogenic threats. The Cerrado has more than 250 species of mammals, and about 15% are endemic. However, fragmentation and the consequent loss of native habitat threaten the maintenance of mammalian populations. In this context we carried out an inventory of medium- and large-sized mammals in Cerrado remnants in Matutina, Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. Sampling was performed in four remnants of Cerrado and adjacent agricultural matrices for 18 days and 16 nights in March and July 2015 with camera traps, diurnal and nocturnal censuses, and by searching for tracks and other indirect evidence. We recorded 19 species of mammals, including top predators and species vulnerable to extinction. The original vegetation cover in the study area has become severely reduced and fragmented due to agricultural expansion. However, the remnants still retain considerable diversity of medium- and large-sized mammals, making them important for the maintenance of biological diversity.

scholarly journals Mammals of medium and large size in Santa Rita do Sapucaí, Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Aires Eduardo ◽  
Marcelo Passamani
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Large Size ◽  
The World ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Callithrix Aurita

The diversity of Brazilian vertebrates is regarded among the highest in the world. However, the biological diversity is still mostly unknown and a good part of it is seriously threatened by human activities. This study aimed to inventory the medium and large size mammals present in the Reserva Biológica de Santa Rita do Sapucaí, an Atlantic forest reserve located in Santa Rita do Sapucaí, southeastern Brazil. Sand-plots, photographic traps and searches for animal tracks on pre-existent trails in the area, were carried out once every two months between May 2006 and February 2007. The sand-plots and tracks were inspected during five consecutive days per sampling. We obtained 108 records of 15 species, mostly of carnivorans. Two confirmed species are threatened with extinction in Brazil (Callithrix aurita and Leopardus pardalis). The results suggest that the sampled reserve has high species richness and plays an important role in conservation of mammals in this landscape, including species threatened with extinction.

scholarly journals Museum collections indicate bird defaunation in a biodiversity hotspot

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vagner Cavarzere ◽  
Luis Fabio Silveira ◽  
Vinicius Rodrigues Tonetti ◽  
Pedro Develey ◽  
Flávio Kulaif Ubaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Original Vegetation

Abstract Ipanema National Forest, southeastern Brazil, once contained 340 bird species. Forest cover suffered for centuries from log exploitation and, as a result, most of the remaining forests are now an impoverished subset of the original vegetation. We show how the bird community changed over time by comparing historical and recent records. Currently, 228 species can be recorded, for a compilation of 410 species, of which 359 are documented. Some 89 forest species with historical records failed to be detected in recent surveys. Of the 72 Atlantic Forest or Cerrado endemic species, no more than 29 (40%) are still found. The bird community changed from one which used to be related to coastline rain forests to another, which relates more to drier semideciduous forests of the interior.

scholarly journals Checklist of large and medium-sized mammals of the Estação Ecológica Mata do Cedro, an Atlantic forest remnant of central Minas Gerais, Brazil

Check List ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Penido ◽  
Antônio Carlos da Silva Zanzini
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Red List ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Active Search ◽  
Forest Remnant ◽  
High Species Richness

This study presents a checklist of large and medium size mammals at Estação Ecológica Mata do Cedro, municipality of Carmópolis de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Between June 2008 and February 2009 we applied sand plots, active search and camera traps for the species inventory. Sand plots were inspected for five consecutive days every two months. We registered 21 species of mammals: 14 on sand plots, 13 by the active search (direct and indirect evidence) and four in the camera traps. Most species were common to other studies in the Atlantic forest, and not listed as threatened on the Brazilian red list, but two (Puma concolor and Myrmecophaga tridactyla) are considered vulnerable to extinction in Brazil. The reserve holds high species richness in relation to other studies and may have an important role in the conservation of the Atlantic forest mammals.

scholarly journals Structure and biodiversity of zooplankton communities in freshwater habitats of a Vereda Wetland Region, Minas Gerais, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olívia Penatti Pinese ◽  
José Fernando Pinese ◽  
Kleber Del Claro
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
Local Diversity ◽  
Freshwater Habitats ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Aims: Vereda wetlands are among the most important aquatic habitats in Brazilian savannah (Cerrado) because of their association with river springs and its relevancy for biodiversity conservation. This study aimed to determine and compare the biodiversity of zooplankton in vereda lakes, differentiated by the presence or absence of aquatic macrophytes at an environmental reserve in Uberlândia, Minas Geais, Southeastern Brazil. Zooplanctonic abundance patterns and their relation with environmental parameters were also discussed and presented through multivariate statistics. Methods Twelve samples were taken at water surface, at 15-day intervals in 2006. It was observed a total richness of 75 species, including 12 genera, 29 species and one sub-species as new records for Minas Gerais State. Results Rotifers were the predominant group and Lecanidae was the most diverse family. Among cladocerans, Chydoridae showed the greatest richness and Bosminidae the highest abundance. Few adult copepods were sampled in this study, but nauplii were very frequent. Cyclopidae was the most common family among copepods and there was no record of Calanoida. Conclusions The difference in composition among the studied lakes was remarkable. The lake with macrophytes showed the greatest richness but the lowest density, and the opposite situation occurred in the other lake. This can be explained by the fact that aquatic macrophytes, as primary producers, exert a bottom-up effect on zooplankton community, sustaining a high local diversity in contrast with a low numeric abundance of these microorganisms. Therefore, this pattern may have been created by the surround heterogeneity and, at the same time, by the reduction of available minerals of the system caused by macrophyte matter fixation. Many studies on zooplankton need to be developed in palm swamp communities in order to better comprehend the biological diversity and the energy balance in different habitats for the conservation of aquatic ecosystems.

A new species of Leptodactylus Fitzinger (Anura, Leptodactylidae) from Serra do Brigadeiro, State of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1861 (1) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
ULISSES CARAMASCHI ◽  
RENATO N. FEIO ◽  
VINÍCIUS A. SÃO-PEDRO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Advertisement Call ◽  
Large Size ◽  
O 31 ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Leptodactylus belonging to the L. fuscus species group, and related to the L. mystaceus complex, is described from the Lagoa das Bromélias (20 o 53’S, 42 o 31’W; 1,227 m above sea level), Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro, Municipality of Ervália, State of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil. Leptodactylus cupreus sp. nov. is characterized by the large size for the group (SVL 50.1–55.1 mm in males) and color pattern. The new species has a non-pulsed advertisement call, with call rate about 12 calls/s and a dominant frequency between 2,800 and 3,058 Hz.

scholarly journals Use of highway culverts by the water opossum (Chironectes minimus) in southeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Ribeiro Prist ◽  
Guilherme S. T. Garbino ◽  
Fernanda Delborgo Abra ◽  
Thais Pagotto ◽  
Osnir Ormon Giacon
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Riparian Forests ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Aquatic Mammal ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Degraded Area

Abstract The water opossum (Chironectes minimus) is a semi-aquatic mammal that is infrequently sampled in Atlantic rainforest areas in Brazil. Here we report on new records of C. minimus in the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, and comment on its behavior and ecology. We placed nine camera traps in culverts and cattle boxes under a highway, between 2017 and 2019. From a total of 6,750 camera-trap-days, we obtained 16 records of C. minimus (0.24 records/100 camera-trap-days) in two cameras placed in culverts over streams. Most of the records were made between May and August, in the dry season and in the first six hours after sunset. The new records are from a highly degraded area with some riparian forests. The records lie approximately 30 km away from the nearest protected area where the species is known to occur. We suggest that C. minimus has some tolerance to degraded habitats, as long as the water bodies and riparian forests are minimally preserved. The new records presented here also fill a distribution gap in western São Paulo state.

Trends in the abundance of marine fishes

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 1205-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Hutchings ◽  
Cóilín Minto ◽  
Daniel Ricard ◽  
Julia K. Baum ◽  
Olaf P. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Maximum Sustainable Yield ◽  
Marine Fishes ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Global Database ◽  
Top Predators ◽  
2010 Target ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
Demersal Species

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) established a target in 2002 to reduce the rate of biodiversity loss by 2010. Using a newly constructed global database for 207 populations (108 species), we examine whether the 2010 target has been met for marine fishes, while accounting for population biomass relative to maximum sustainable yield, BMSY. Although rate of decline has eased for 59% of populations declining before 1992 (a pattern consistent with a literal interpretation of the target), the percentage of populations below BMSY has remained unchanged and the rate of decline has increased among several top predators, many of which are below 0.5BMSY. Combining population trends, a global multispecies index indicates that marine fishes declined 38% between 1970 and 2007. The index has been below BMSY since the mid-1980s and stable since the early 1990s. With the exception of High Seas pelagic fishes and demersal species in the Northeast Pacific and Australia – New Zealand, the multispecies indices are currently below BMSY in many regions. We conclude that the 2010 CBD target represents a weak standard for recovering marine fish biodiversity and that meaningful progress will require population-specific recovery targets and associated time lines for achieving those targets.

Is camera-trapping an efficient method for surveying mammals in Neotropical forests? A case study in south-eastern Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Srbek-Araujo ◽  
Adriano Garcia Chiarello
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Camera Trapping ◽  
Neotropical Forests ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Line Transects

Although highly diverse (Fonseca et al. 1996), the Atlantic forest mammal fauna is still poorly known, with very few sites exhaustively inventoried or subjected to long-term studies (Passamani et al. 2000). Although the first surveys using camera traps were carried out in the 1920s (e.g. Chapman 1927), most studies are rather recent (Karanth & Nichols 1998). This is not different in Brazil, where few studies have been published (Marques & Ramos 2001, Santos-Filho & Silva 2002, Silveira et al. 2003, Trolle 2003, Trolle & Kéry 2003). Given this, the objective of this paper is to assess the efficiency of camera trapping as an inventory technique for Neotropical forests in general and Atlantic forest in particular. The study was conducted at the Santa Lúcia Biological Station (SLBS), a biologically rich Atlantic Forest preserve located in south-eastern Brazil (Mendes & Padovan 2000) where mammals have been intensively live-trapped, observed from line-transects or had indirect evidence of their presence (faeces, footprints, scratches, etc.) recorded in earlier years (Passamani et al. 2000).

scholarly journals The dark side of pumpkin toadlet: a new species of Brachycephalus (Anura: Brachycephalidae) from Serra do Brigadeiro, southeastern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4258 (4) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARLA SILVA GUIMARÃES ◽  
SOFIA LUZ ◽  
PEDRO CARVALHO ROCHA ◽  
RENATO NEVES FEIO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Advertisement Call ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Bright Yellow ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
High Degree ◽  
A New Species

Brachycephalus is a frog genus endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and characterized by the bright yellow-orange aposematic colors and the high degree of miniaturization. Herein, we describe a new species of Brachycephalus from Serra do Brigadeiro, Municipality of Ervália, Minas Gerais State, southeastern Brazil. Specimens were collected at high altitudes (i.e., 1266–1498 m above sea level) amidst the leaf litter. The new species is characterized by the presence of black connective tissue covering all dorsal muscles, body completely yellow-orange in life, presence of skull and post-cranial plates, large size (SVL of adults: 14.8–18.5 mm), bufoniform body, absence of metacarpal and metatarsal tubercles, and presence of harmonics in its advertisement call. 

scholarly journals Daily activity pattern of pumas (Puma concolor) and their potential prey in a tropical cloud forest of Colombia

2021 ◽  
pp. 267-278
Author(s):  
J. C. Cepeda–Duque ◽  
B. Gómez–Valencia ◽  
S. Alvarez ◽  
D. R. Gutiérrez–Sanabria ◽  
D. J. Lizcano
Keyword(s):  
Daily Activity ◽  
Puma Concolor ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Foraging Efficiency ◽  
Potential Prey ◽  
Top Predators

Ecosystems in the northern Andes face unprecedented habitat loss. Pumas are the top predators in the region and exert key ecological functions, such as population control and resource facilitation. However, little is known about the temporal niche of the species or its effects on behaviour of prey in the tropics. We hypothesized that there is a link between the activity patterns of pumas and their prey in a cloud forest of the Central Andes of Colombia. We installed 61 camera traps to estimate the degree of overlap between the daily activity curves of pumas and seven potential prey species, using conditional kernel density functions. Pumas, armadillos, mountain pacas, and white–eared opossums were mainly nocturnal, with little crepuscular activity and high temporal overlap. Central American agouti, mountain coati, little red brocket deer, and Cauca guan displayed a predominantly diurnal activity and temporal partitioning with pumas. As opportunistic predators, pumas were able to maximize foraging efficiency by preying on the crepuscular and nocturnal species. Conservation of this highland predator will largely depend on the suitable management of its native prey.

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