The state of pro- and antioxidant systems in rats with DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis on the background of extracorporeal detoxification

Aim: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. The aim of this research was to study the indices of pro- and antioxidant systems in rats with dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis on the background of the enterosorbent AUT-M use. Materials and methods: The study was performed on 70 white male rats weighing 200–250 g. Adenocarcinoma of the colon was simulated by subcutaneous injection of the DMH (Sigma-Aldrich Chemie, Japan) at a dose of 7.2 mg/kg once a week during 7 months. Enterosorbent AUT-M was administered intragastrically daily for 21 days after simulation of carcinogenesis at a dose of 1 ml of suspension per 100 g of animal body weight. The state of the pro- and antioxidant systems was studied by the content of oxidative modification of proteins products (OMP), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), contents of ceruloplasmin (CP) and reduced glutathione (GSH). Results: It was found that DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats is accompanied by disorders in the antioxidant defense system and activation of free radical oxidation processes. Enterosorbent AUT-M provides a significant reduction in the content of OMP370 and OMP430 in both blood serum and liver homogenate of rats. Moreover, the use of enterosorbent AUT-M demonstrated a significant increase in the activity of SOD, CAT, content of GSH and a decrease in CP content in investigated tissues. Conclusion: The use of enterosorbent AUT-М demonstrated prominent potential suppression for oxidative stress and positive effect on antioxidant defense system in rats with DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis.

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Activity of free radical oxidation processes in rats with paracetamol hepatitis and correction with shiitake mushrooms thick extract

Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal ◽

10.32352/0367-3057.3.21.09 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 81-90

Author(s):

І. І. Герасимець ◽

Л. С. Фіра ◽

І. І. Медвідь

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Body Weight ◽

Free Radical ◽

Acute Hepatitis ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Oxidative Modification ◽

Male Rats ◽

Defense System ◽

Shiitake Mushrooms

The antioxidant defense system controls and inhibits all stages of free radical formation reactions, which start from their initiation and end with the formation of hydroperoxides and malonic dialdehyde. Disorders of the body's antioxidant defense system can be caused by both endogenous and exogenous factors and can lead to the oxidative stress development. For the purpose of the negative impact minimizing and correction of the existing disorders, both natural and synthetic origin antioxidants are used. Preference is given to antioxidants of natural origin, due to their mild action and minimal side effects. Shiitake mushrooms are known in China and Japan as a product that has nutritional and medicinal value, for thousands of years. They contain an extremely rich complex of various biologically active substances that can have antioxidant, hepatoprotective effect and influence on the liver diseases pathogenesis. The aim of the work was to investigate the effect of shiitake mushrooms thick extract on the activity of free radical processes and indicators of the antioxidant system under the conditions of paracetamol hepatitis in rats. The experimental work was being conducted on the white male rats, which were divided into 10 groups of 6 animals each. Acute hepatitis was simulated by intragastric administration of paracetamol in a dose of 1 250 mg/kg 1 time per day (for 2 days) as a suspension in 2% starch gel solution. We investigated the effect of shiitake mushrooms thick extract on the induced pathology, which was administered intragastrically 2 hours before the paracetamol introduction and daily after the lesion in a dose of 150 mg/kg of the rat’s body weight. Silibor was selected as the comparison drug, which was administered according to the same scheme like the investigated extract in a dose of 20 mg/kg of the animal’s body weight. Euthanasia was conducted on the 3rd, 7th and 10th day after the onset of the lesion. Liver homogenate and animal serum were examined. The effectiveness of shiitake mushrooms thick extract was evaluated under the conditions of the caused pathology by superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, as well as by the content of TBA-active and proteins oxidative modification products. An increasing of the TBA-active products content and the products of proteins oxidative modification in the serum and liver of animals after the toxic paracetamol exposure testifies to the liver damage and the development of acute hepatitis in rats. Decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismutase was also noted. An investigation, which was conducted by us, allowed us to reveal a positive effect of shiitake mushrooms thick extract on the activity of lipoperoxidation and oxidative modification of proteins under the conditions of white rats paracetamol lesion.

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The effect of enriched yoghurt on the antioxidant activities of rats poisoned with cadmium salts

Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.1108/nfs-03-2021-0100 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Sanam Nadirova ◽

Yuriy Sinyavskiy ◽

Serik Abdreshov ◽

Yevgeniya Deripaskina ◽

Ashat Torgautov

Keyword(s):

Dairy Products ◽

Cadmium Chloride ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

The State ◽

Male Rats ◽

Defense System ◽

Content Type ◽

Peel Extract ◽

Grape Peel

Purpose Evaluation of the effect of yoghurts enriched with a complex of vegetable additives on the state of the antioxidant defense system, the content of triglycerides and cholesterol in rats exposed to toxic seeds with cadmium chloride. The purpose of this paper is evaluation of the effect of yoghurts enriched with a complex of vegetable additives on the state of the antioxidant defense system, the content of triglycerides and cholesterol in rats exposed to toxic cadmium chloride. Design/methodology/approach The studies were carried out on 72 male rats (Wistar), divided into six groups (n = 12): control, model of cadmium intoxication and receiving the developed dairy product, enriched with appropriate biologically active supplements (rosehip, rowan and hawthorn berries syrup and grape peel extract [rich in resveratrol]). Biochemical parameters of blood, homogenates of the liver and kidneys were analyzed. Findings The intensity of lipid peroxidation processes (in the liver, kidneys and erythrocytes) decreased in the group receiving dairy products enriched with berry syrups and grape peel extract (rich in resveratrol). The activity of catalase, total antioxidant activity and superoxide dismutase increased. In the groups receiving dairy products enriched with berry syrups, the total protein level in the blood increased, compared with Group 2. The content of triglycerides and cholesterol levels in groups receiving dairy products decreased significantly compared to animals intoxicated with cadmium chloride. Originality/value The topic of cadmium’s toxic effects on human and animal health and methods for solving this problem is very relevant.

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Effect of hemin and glutathione on some indicators of nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolism in rats

V N Karazin National University Series “Biology” ◽

10.26565/2075-5457-2020-34-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Glycogen Content ◽

Liver Homogenate ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Male Rats ◽

Defense System ◽

Sh Groups ◽

Corrective Effect ◽

Combined Administration

The accumulation of heme in the organism under the influence of various hemolytic factors can cause the development of oxidative stress with the activation of free radical processes, oxidative damage to macromolecules and supramolecular complexes of cells and tissues. Under these conditions, the antioxidant defense system is activated in the organism, an important link of which is thiol compounds, particularly glutathione. Under such conditions, the processes of nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolism associated with the formation of adaptive reactions in response to stress have been investigated insufficiently. The aim of this work is to study some indicators of nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolism during the administration of hemin and the combined administration of hemin and glutathione to clarify the role of this antioxidant in the possible correction of metabolic processes. The subjects of the study were mature outbred albino male rats that received intraperitoneal injections of hemin (50 mg/kg) and glutathione (500 mg/kg) solutions, which was administered 0.5 hours before the introduction of hemin. The animals were tested 2 hours after hemin administration. The content of total and non-protein -SH groups, and the activity of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) in liver and kidney homogenates, glycogen content and tyrosinaminotransferase (TAT) activity in liver homogenate were studied. The content of reduced -SH groups can be an indicator of pro-antioxidant balance, GGT activity is one of the indicators of glutathione metabolism, and glycogen content and TAT activity in liver are hormone-sensitive indicators. The introduction of hemin caused a decrease in the content of total and non-protein -SH groups, glycogen content and an increase in TAT activity in liver, as well as an increase in the activity of GGT in this organ. Administration of glutathione to rats 30 minutes before the administration of hemin prevented shifts in these parameters in liver caused by the administration of hemin alone. In kidneys, an increase in the content of total -SH groups was found after the combined administration of glutathione and hemin compared with the effect of hemin alone. The results of this study may indicate a sensitivity of nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolism in rat organs to the effect of hemin and the corrective effect of glutathione under these conditions, probably mediated through an increase in the thiol component of the antioxidant defense system.

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Alteration of photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant systems in tomato under drought with Tebuconazole and Hexaconazole applications

Journal of Scientific Agriculture ◽

10.25081/jsa.2017.v1.52 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 146

Author(s):

Maruthaiya Arivalagan ◽

Ramamurthy Somasundaram

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Photosynthetic Pigments ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Photosynthetic Pigment ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Defense System ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes Activities ◽

Effects Of Drought ◽

Pigment Variation

Present investigation was focused on the response and regulation of the antioxidant defense system and photosynthetic pigment variation effect of two important fungicides or plant growth regulators Hexaconazole (HEX) and Tebuconazole (TBZ) on drought stressed tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) plants. Drought stress was imposed for 30 Days after sowing (DAS) of tomato plant. The water was irrigated by 4 Days Interval Drought (DID) and the control plants were regularly irrigated. Triazole treatment like HEX at 15 mg L-1 and TBZ at 10 mg L-1 imposed on 30, 40 and 50 DAS. The plant samples were collected on 40, 50 and 60 DAS. The photosynthetic pigments like chlorophyll – a, chlorophyll – b and total chlorophyll were estimated. The drought stress reduced the photosynthetic pigments and increased the antioxidant contents and antioxidant enzymes activities. The combined drought stress with triazole treatments increased the photosynthetic pigments then reduced the ascorbic acid (AA), α-tocopherol, catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, when compared to drought stressed plants. It can be concluded that the triazole treatment partially mitigated the adverse effects of drought stress in L. esculentum.

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Biochemical evaluation of excisional wound healing in rats with diabetes mellitus after using different methods of wound closure

Medical and Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.11603/mcch.2410-681x.2017.v0.i3.8196 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Ye. O. Loza ◽

M. I. Marushchak

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Wound Healing ◽

Free Radical ◽

Antioxidant Defense ◽

Free Radical Oxidation ◽

Antioxidant Defense System ◽

Male Rats ◽

Defense System ◽

Radical Oxidation ◽

Oxidation Processes

Introduction. Wound healing according to modern concepts is a coordinated process that passes through certain stages with the participation of different cells and products of its vital functions that regulate the healing process. It is well known that in patients with diabetes there is a violation of the process of wound healing, although until now, all the features of diabetes underlying such an inclination have not been fully understood.The aim of the study – to identify the features of oxidative stress on the background of diabetes mellitus in the rat's homogenate when different methods of closing wounds had been used. Research Methods. The experiment was conducted on 60 male rats weighing 280–320 g, which pre-simulated diabetes mellitus and surgical wounds. To detect the activation of free radical oxidation processes, the content of active forms of oxygen (AFC), lipid hydroperoxides (HPL), diene conjugates (DK) and trienic conjugates (TC) and oxidation modifications of proteins (OMP370 and OMP430). To study the antioxidant defense system, activity of superoxide dismutase was determined. Also, the activity of catalase and sulfhydryl groups (SH-groups) was determined.Results and Discussion. The research conducted by us showed that during the wounded process, on the background of diabetes, the activity of free radical oxidation processes increased. However, in the animal skin homogenates, which are labeled "Dermabond", all indices are significantly lower than in the group of animals that have been sewed over the course of all research periods. In the early stages of scar formation (3 days), an increase in the activity of the antioxidant defense system in both groups was observed. At the same time, in the experimental group of animals, which imposed the nodal seams, the activity of SOD and catalase significantly exceeded the skin index of animals, which applied glue and made (199.81±7.59) UM and (175.02±8.31) cat/kg, respectively.Conclusion. The use of skin glue reduces the intensity of the course of free radical oxidation in the cells of the scar tissue of the postoperative wound in conditions of diabetes mellitus in comparison with the imposition of nodal sutures on it: in the skin of animals, which is applied to the "Dermabond" glue, all indicators are significantly lower than in the group of animals, which imposed seam joints, throughout all research periods.

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