scholarly journals Morphology and phylogenetic analysis of two new deep-sea species of Chrysogorgia (Cnidaria, Octocorallia, Chrysogorgiidae) from Kocebu Guyot (Magellan seamounts) in the Pacific Ocean

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 881 ◽  
pp. 91-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Xu ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Zifeng Zhan ◽  
Kuidong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
The Body ◽  
Magellan Seamounts ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

Two new species of Chrysogorgia Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 collected from Kocebu Guyot in the Magellan seamounts of the Pacific Ocean are described and illustrated: Chrysogorgia ramificanssp. nov. collected from a depth of 1831 m and Chrysogorgia binatasp. nov. collected from a depth of 1669 m. Chrysogorgia ramificanssp. nov. belongs to the Chrysogorgia “group A, Spiculosae” with rods distributed in body wall and tentacles, and C. binatasp. nov. belongs to the “group C, Squamosae typicae” with rods and/or spindles not present but only scales. Chrysogorgia ramificanssp. nov. differs from congeners by its main stem with 2/5R branching sequence at the bottom forming two large bottlebrush-shaped branches with 1/3R branching sequence at the top. Chrysogorgia binatasp. nov. is similar to C. scintillans Bayer & Stefani, 1988, but differs by its larger polyps, larger sclerites in the body wall, and different scales in the upper part of polyps. The mtMutS genetic distances between C. ramificanssp. nov. and C. binatasp. nov. and congeners are in the range of 0.33%–2.28% and 0.33%–2.94%, respectively, while the intraspecific distances are in the range of 0–0.16%. Molecular phylogenetic analysis indicates that C. ramificanssp. nov. is clustered with C. monticola Cairns, 2007 and C. binatasp. nov. is clustered with C. chryseis Bayer & Stefani, 1988, both with high support indicating close relationships.

Cobalt, nickel, and copper in ore minerals of cobalt-bearing ferromanganese crusts from the Magellan Seamounts of the Pacific Ocean

2013 ◽  
Vol 450 (1) ◽  
pp. 566-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. V. Novikov ◽  
I. V. Vikent’ev ◽  
M. E. Mel’nikov ◽  
O. Yu. Bogdanova ◽  
N. I. Eremin
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Ferromanganese Crusts ◽  
Magellan Seamounts ◽  
Cobalt Nickel ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Ore Minerals ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

scholarly journals Diazotrophic Diversity and Distribution in the Tropical and Subtropical Atlantic Ocean

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 7910-7919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Langlois ◽  
Julie LaRoche ◽  
Philipp A. Raab
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Degenerate Primers ◽  
Community Shift ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

ABSTRACT To understand the structure of marine diazotrophic communities in the tropical and subtropical Atlantic Ocean, the molecular diversity of the nifH gene was studied by nested PCR amplification using degenerate primers, followed by cloning and sequencing. Sequences of nifH genes were amplified from environmental DNA samples collected during three cruises (November-December 2000, March 2002, and October-November 2002) covering an area between 0 to 28.3°N and 56.6 to 18.5°W. A total of 170 unique sequences were recovered from 18 stations and 23 depths. Samples from the November-December 2000 cruise contained both unicellular and filamentous cyanobacterial nifH phylotypes, as well as γ-proteobacterial and cluster III sequences, so far only reported in the Pacific Ocean. In contrast, samples from the March 2002 cruise contained only phylotypes related to the uncultured group A unicellular cyanobacteria. The October-November 2002 cruise contained both filamentous and unicellular cyanobacterial and γ-proteobacterial sequences. Several sequences were identical at the nucleotide level to previously described environmental sequences from the Pacific Ocean, including group A sequences. The data suggest a community shift from filamentous cyanobacteria in surface waters to unicellular cyanobacteria and/or heterotrophic bacteria in deeper waters. With one exception, filamentous cyanobacterial nifH sequences were present within temperatures ranging between 26.5 and 30°C and where nitrate was undetectable. In contrast, nonfilamentous nifH sequences were found throughout a broader temperature range, 15 to 30°C, more often in waters with temperature of <26°C, and were sometimes recovered from waters with detectable nitrate concentrations.

scholarly journals Toxicity Screening of a Gambierdiscus australes Strain from the Western Mediterranean Sea and Identification of a Novel Maitotoxin Analogue

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 460
Author(s):  
Pablo Estevez ◽  
David Castro ◽  
José Manuel Leão-Martins ◽  
Manoëlla Sibat ◽  
Angels Tudó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Toxicity Screening ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Western Mediterranean Sea ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Hplc Fractionation

Dinoflagellate species of the genera Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa are known to produce ciguatera poisoning-associated toxic compounds, such as ciguatoxins, or other toxins, such as maitotoxins. However, many species and strains remain poorly characterized in areas where they were recently identified, such as the western Mediterranean Sea. In previous studies carried out by our research group, a G. australes strain from the Balearic Islands (Mediterranean Sea) presenting MTX-like activity was characterized by LC-MS/MS and LC-HRMS-detected 44-methyl gambierone and gambieric acids C and D. However, MTX1, which is typically found in some G. australes strains from the Pacific Ocean, was not detected. Therefore, this study focuses on the identification of the compound responsible for the MTX-like toxicity in this strain. The G. australes strain was characterized not only using LC-MS instruments but also N2a-guided HPLC fractionation. Following this approach, several toxic compounds were identified in three fractions by LC-MS/MS and HRMS. A novel MTX analogue, named MTX5, was identified in the most toxic fraction, and 44-methyl gambierone and gambieric acids C and D contributed to the toxicity observed in other fractions of this strain. Thus, G. australes from the Mediterranean Sea produces MTX5 instead of MTX1 in contrast to some strains of the same species from the Pacific Ocean. No CTX precursors were detected, reinforcing the complexity of the identification of CTXs precursors in these regions.

scholarly journals Two new species of entobdelline skin parasites (Monogenea, Capsalidae) from the blotched fantail ray, Taeniura meyeni, in the Pacific Ocean, with comments on spermatophores and the male copulatory apparatus

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Whittington ◽  
Graham Kearn
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Copulatory Organ ◽  
The Body ◽  
Evolutionary Divergence ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Male Copulatory Apparatus ◽  
The Individual

AbstractWe made a comparative anatomical study of entobdelline monogenean skin parasites from the blotched fantail ray, Taeniura meyeni (= T. melanospila) from public aquaria and fish-holding facilities distributed widely across the western Pacific Ocean. These facilities were located in Australia (Mooloolaba, southern Queensland; Cairns, northern Queensland), Taiwan and Japan. The capture localities of the aquarium fishes are unknown to us, with the exception of the individual fish from northern Queensland which came from Sudbury Reef, a local inshore reef. Entobdellines from southern Queensland differed morphologically from those from northern Queensland and Taiwan and the 2 new monogenean species are described and named Neoentobdella garneri sp. nov. and N. taiwanensis sp. nov., respectively. We determined that an entobdelline collected by Dyer and co-workers from a ray identified as T. melanospila (= T. meyeni) from an aquarium in Okinawa, Japan and identified by them as Entobdella squamula (Heath, 1902) Johnston, 1929 was misidentified and is tentatively assigned to N. taiwanensis sp. nov. The male copulatory organ of each new species resembles a penis, but evidence that these organs are eversible like a cirrus is presented. Caution is advised in deciding whether the male copulatory organs of capsalids may function as a penis or as a cirrus and we suggest that possession of a penis versus a cirrus may not necessarily indicate wide evolutionary divergence. In N. garneri, spermatophores consist of a sausage-shaped capsule and a long hollow stalk. A spermatophore received from a donor is anchored in the vagina by means of the stalk, with the capsule protruding outside the body.

scholarly journals Ypsilothuria bitentaculata bitentaculata (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from the southwestern Atlantic, with comments on its morphology

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Luciana Martins ◽  
Marcos Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
The Body ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Microscope Images ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
First Time ◽  
Calcareous Ring

Ypsilothuria bitentaculata bitentaculata(Ludwig, 1893), previously known from several localities in the Pacific Ocean, is recorded herein for the first time from the southwestern Atlantic Ocean based on eight specimens caught off the coast of southeastern Brazil, between 505–511 m deep. Several morphological details are added to the description ofY. b. bitentaculata, including photographs of specimens and calcareous ring plates, as well as scanning electron microscope images of the ossicles from the body wall, oral and anal siphons and introvert. Additionally,Y. b. bitentaculatais compared to its congeners.

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