scholarly journals Assessment of benthic diatoms taxonomic diversity at coastal biotopes with different anthropogenic impact (Crimea, the Black Sea)

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 608-618
Author(s):  
Elena L. NEVROVA ◽  
Alexei N. PETROV
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Benthic Diatoms ◽  
The Black Sea

scholarly journals The structural basis of regional differences in taxonomic diversity of benthic diatoms (Bacillariophyta) of the Black Sea

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-63
Author(s):  
E. L. Nevrova
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Benthic Diatoms ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Hierarchical Tree ◽  
Diatom Flora ◽  
Flora Diversity

The important aim for preservation of the Black Sea microalgae is evaluation of diatom flora diversity and revelation of its formation patterns. The focus of this paper is analysis of benthic diatoms diversity in the regions of Northern shelf of the Black Sea and disclosure of the causes for their differences on the different hierarchical levels within each of the three classes of Bacillariophyta. Based on the own sampling surveys results and published sources, the revision of benthic diatom flora of the Black Sea was evaluated and current taxonomic diversity was estimated by using of Taxonomical Distinctness Indices (TaxDI). Updated diatom inventory from 5 regions (Bulgarian, Romanian, North-Western, Crimean and Caucasian shelf) holds 1094 species and intraspecific taxa, pooled in 953 species, 149 genera, 61 families, 32 order and 3 classes Bacillariophyta. Current taxonomic richness of the Black Sea benthic diatoms has 1094 species and intraspecific taxa (953 species, 149 genera, 61 families, 32 orders and 3 classes). At the Crimean coast registered 884 species (81 % of the total species number), at NWBS – 556 (51 %) off the coast of Bulgaria – 271 (25 %), Romania – 358 (33 %), the Caucasus – 310 (28 %). Mean TaxDI values (∆+ and Λ+) for diatom assemblages from these regions were calculated and its deviation from expected average level, corresponding to Black Sea master-list, was assessed. Deviation of the index from expected average level in each of the three classes was found to depend on the structure of the phylogenetic branches. The greatest influence on the hierarchical tree of Bacillariophyta is revealed to bring the mono- and oligospecies branches. Character of deviation of the regional diatom flora structure fromexpected average level is caused of the species, which forming a mono- or oligospecies branches up to the node of order. Suchlike species (33) with high rank of taxonomic exclusiveness are highlighted from the several regions. Disappearance of such species leads to reducing of entire phylogenetic branch from the regional tree of Bacillariophyta. Among mono- and oligospecific taxa the group of 12 species was marked out particularly. These species have the highest rank of taxonomic exclu-siveness and were cited once in the only regions. Elimination of these species from the regional flora entails to dis-appearance of the monospecies branch (including genus, family and order) from the Black Sea flora. It would deter-mine the decrease of taxonomic diversity and significant changes in hierarchical tree of Bacillariophyta as the con-crete region as well the whole Black Sea. Structure of regional tree of Crimean region almost approached the ex-pected mode for the whole Black Sea diatom flora. The value of ∆+ for Crimean coast was the lowest (81.38). It may evidence about great share of polyspecies branches in the hierarchical tree and the maximum value of species/genus ratio (7) and lead to decreasing the vertical evenness in diatom taxocene structure for Crimea. On the contrary, the value of ∆+ for Romania coast was highest (85.9). It were caused of great number of oligospecies branches closingup on genus and family taxonomic levels and minimum value of this ratio (4) and determined more flattened pattern of taxonomical tree structure.

Anthropogenic Impact on the Lithodynamics of the Coastal Zone of the Southern and Western Black Sea Coast (Review)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Efremova ◽  
Yu. N. Goryachkin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
River Flow ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Natural Dynamics ◽  
The Impact

Anthropogenic impact on lithodynamics of the coastal zone changes the natural dynamics of bottom sediments, which leads to increased abrasion and swelling of beaches, activation of landslide processes creating a threat of destruction of the coastal infrastructure. The article aims at providing an overview of the scientific literature on the anthropogenic impact on lithodynamics of the coastal zone of the southern and western coasts of the Black Sea (shores of Romania, Bulgaria and Turkey). The work shows that with all the differences in the natural conditions of the coastal zones of these countries the types of anthropogenic effects they undergo are almost the same. These include: hydrotechnical construction without regard to the impact on the neighbouring coast sections; reduction of solid river flow due to river regulation by reservoirs; construction of capital facilities directly on the beaches; illegal extraction of sand from beaches and river beds; dredging with sale of the extracted material to construction companies; covering of cliffs by various structures; destruction of coastal dunes, etc. The main negative consequences of these actions are reflected in disruption of natural dynamics and shortages of bottom sediments, changes in the coastline, reduced aesthetic attractiveness and accessibility of shores, destruction of coastal ecosystems. The article also provides information on the legislation of these countries regarding environmental management in the coastal zone

scholarly journals Benthic Diatom Composition in Coastal Zone of Black Sea, Sasyk Reservoir (Ukraine)

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Olena P. Bilous ◽  
Agata Z. Wojtal ◽  
Natalia O. Ivanova ◽  
Petro M. Tsarenko ◽  
Olga V. Burova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Benthic Diatoms ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Salinity Changes ◽  
The Status ◽  
Freshwater Reservoir ◽  
First Time

The Sasyk Reservoir is one of the largest seaside reservoirs in Ukraine, artificially maintained as a freshwater area including various floodplain areas. The Reservoir originated from an estuary to now being an almost freshwater reservoir. The diatoms (Bacillariophyta) in benthos were investigated for analyzing the coastal zone diversity of the Black Sea inside the borders of Ukraine. The indicated diatom composition was formed by 97 species (100 infraspecies taxa). Some rare marine and freshwater taxa were noted, as well as three species reported in Ukrainian territory for the first time (Navicula vandamii Schoeman et R.E.M. Archibald, Sellaphora difficillima (Hustedt) C.E. Wetzel, L. Ector et D.G. Mann, and Mastogloia laterostrata Hustedt). The bioindicative characteristics of the diatom composition testified to the freshwater condition of the reservoir. Changes to the salinity level of the Sasyk Reservoir were exposed due to the composition of benthic diatoms. The presence of mesohalobous species (7 taxa) acknowledges conditions that are typical for estuaries and mouths of rivers and reveals the salinity changes in the Sasyk Reservoir. Likewise, the prevailing number of oligohalobous diatoms (61 taxa) reveal presence of freshwater in the reservoir. The implementation of the Polish phytobenthos lake assessment method for the nearby Ukrainian Reservoir was conducted for the first time. The multimetric Diatom Index for lake values varied from 0.39 to 0.76, and revealed alterations in the status over the Sasyk sites, ranging from good, moderate, to poor. Thus, it may be concluded that the current ecological status relating to the composition of benthic diatoms of the reservoir located in the coastal zone of the Black Sea is evaluated as having a moderate status class with some exceptions.

scholarly journals SEX INVERSION IN CULTIVATED MUSSELS MYTILUS GALLOPROVINCIALIS LAM. (CRIMEA, BLACK SEA) UNDER INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Natalya Chelyadina ◽  
Natalya Pospelova ◽  
Mark Popov ◽  
Ludmila Smyrnova ◽  
Irina Kharchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sex Inversion ◽  
Anionic Detergents

In the last decade, there has been a shift in the sex ratio of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in the Black Sea towards increase of males. In modern literature, focus is mainly on mechanisms of sex inheritance in mussels and hormonal regulation of the reproduction, and there is no information on sex inversion in M. galloprovincialis under the influence of environmental factors. The goal of this work is to establish the fact of sex change in mussels cultivated near the coast of Crimea under the influence of some external environmental factors. We establish that mussels change sex from female to male, but some specimens become hermaphrodites, with their fraction reaching 13%. Under unfavorable environmental conditions, mussel females change sex, and their mortality rises up to 69%. In water areas subject to anthropogenic impact, the proportion of sex inversion in the mollusks may be as high as 58%. The influence of various adverse   environmental factors on sex inversion in mussel females is unequal, and its strength decreases in the following order: diesel fuel > hypoxia > anionic detergents > starvation.

Monitoring Anthropogenic Impact on Some Coastal Water Areas of the Black Sea Using Multispectral Satellite Imagery

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1008-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Bondur ◽  
V. E. Vorobyev ◽  
V. V. Zamshin ◽  
A. N. Serebryany ◽  
A. A. Latushkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Coastal Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Multispectral Satellite Imagery

scholarly journals CURRENT VIEWS ON THE DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF DEEP-WATER MEIOBENTHOS AT THE TURKISH SHELF (BLACK SEA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 60-73
Author(s):  
Nelli G. Sergeeva ◽  
Derya Ürkmez
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Benthic Fauna ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Higher Taxa ◽  
Strong Current ◽  
High Level

Deep-water meiobenthos of Turkish shelf has been evaluated at the Black Sea exit of İstanbul Strait (Bosphorus) and off Sinop peninsula as a result of three scientific cruises. Taxonomic diversity of meiobenthos communities was studied at the Black Sea exit of Bosphorus on a transect with a depth range of 75-300 m. The bottom sediments were collected at the area during two cruises, on board RV "Arar'' (of Turkey) and ''Maria S. Merian" (of Germany) in November 2009 and April 2010, respectively. Data on meiobenthos inhabiting both normoxic and extreme conditions was collected in the studied area and meiobenthos composition included 26 high level taxa. In addition, 2-3 morphotypes of benthic fauna were recorded as incertae sedis, which require further study. The number of higher taxa decreased from 22 to 14-8 when switching from oxygenic conditions (50-125 m) to the anoxic hydrogen sulphide environment (226-300 m). The constant components of meiobenthos included protists (Ciliophora, Gromiidea and soft-shelled Foraminifera), and metazoans were constantly represented by Nematoda and Harpacticoida. In 2011, a quantitative study on meiobenthic composition of the oxic/anoxic interface at the western part off Sinop Peninsula (Southern Black Sea) has also been investigated. The material was collected by ROVs during the expedition (Black Sea Leg) of the exploration vessel (E/V) Nautilus. Results showed that the taxa composition of meiobenthos ranged from 4 to 10 major groups. Free-living marine nematodes were numerically the dominant taxon at each station. Total abundances decreased in parallel to increasing water depth, hence decreasing oxygen levels.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Integrated Biochemical Index and Content of Organochlorine Xenobiotics in the Liver of the Black Scorpion Fish Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758, from Sevastopol Bays and Coastal Areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 387-409
Author(s):  
Ludmila V. Malakhova ◽  
Ekaterina N. Skuratovskaya ◽  
Tatiana V. Malakhova ◽  
Veronika V. Lobko
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Biomarker Response ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Scorpion Fish ◽  
Scorpaena Porcus

Despite the ban on the use of organochlorine compounds (OCs), they are still widely distributed in various components of the Black Sea ecosystem, including fish. Sevastopol marine area, as a region of active economic use, is subject to significant anthropogenic impact. To assess the condition of the Black Sea scorpion fish Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758, from Sevastopol bays (Aleksandrovskaya, Streletskaya, Balaklavskaya, and Kazach’ia) and coastal areas (Laspi bay and Lyubimovka region), the liver of fish was analyzed to compare integrated biomarker response (IBR) and the concentrations of OCs: six indicator congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (ΣPCB6) and organochlorine pesticides – р,p’-DDT and its metabolites p,p’-DDE and p,p’-DDD (ΣDDT). High concentrations of PCBs and DDTs were found in fish liver from Alexandrovskaya and Streletskaya bays, which are subject to significant anthropogenic impact: 2044 and 2019 ng/g wet weight for ΣPCB6 and 162 and 319 ng/g wet weight for ΣDDT, respectively. To determine the response of scorpion fish to the level of pollution, the liver of fish was analyzed to measure such biochemical markers as cholinesterase and catalase activities, albumin content, and the levels of oxidized proteins and lipid peroxidation. The set of these biochemical markers was used to calculate IBR. IBR correlated well with the ΣPCB6 concentration in sediments and liver of scorpion fish (r=0.95, p<0.05). The maximum IBR was determined in the most polluted Alexandrovskaya and Streletskaya bays, where it was two orders of magnitude higher than the IBR in Laspi bay. Based on IBR values, the fish from Laspi and Kazach’ia bays and from the coastal area of Lyubimovka were in better condition than the fish from Alexandrovskaya, Streletskaya, and Balaklavskaya bays in summer seasons of 2016-2018

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