Immune signalling responses in intestinal epithelial cells exposed to pathogenic Escherichia coli and lactic acid-producing probiotics

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.K. Ho ◽  
S.P. Hawley ◽  
J.C. Ossa ◽  
O. Mathieu ◽  
T.A. Tompkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Additional Support

Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 and adherent-invasive Escherichia coli are two groups of enteric bacterial pathogens associated with haemorrhagic colitis and Crohn's Disease, respectively. Bacterial contact with host epithelial cells stimulates an immediate innate immune response designed to combat infection. In this study, immune responses of human epithelial cells to pathogens, either alone or in combination with probiotic bacteria were studied. Industrially prepared Lactobacillus helveticus strain R0052 was first examined by microarray analysis and then compared to broth-grown strains of R0052 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus strain GG using quantitative realt-time polymerase chain reaction. Results showed host immune activation responses increased following pathogen exposure, which were differentially ameliorated using probiotics depending on both the preparation of probiotics employed and conditions of exposure. These findings provide additional support for the concept that specific probiotic strains serve as a promising option for use in preventing the risk of enteric bacterial infections.

scholarly journals Investigating the association between organic acids and phenotypic alterations of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (7A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghaith Fallata ◽  
Doanl Wall
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Poultry Industry ◽  
Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Alternative Antimicrobials

The excessive use of antibiotics in agriculture is routinely described as a major contributor to bacterial resistance. Globally, antibiotics are widely used as growth supplements in livestock. This has led to concerns regarding human-use antibiotics in food and food-producing animals. Lately, organic acids (OAs) such as propionic acid (PA) and formic acid (FA) have been increasingly used as alternative antimicrobials or preservatives instead of antibiotics. These are particularly efficient at removing salmonella. Recently, we have shown that exposure of a Crohn’s Disease associated bacterial pathotype, Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC), to PA significantly alters its phenotype resulting in increased adhesion and invasion of epithelial cells and increased persistence through biofilm formation. AIEC are both evolutionarily and phylogenetically related to avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), however the virulence mechanisms of APEC in poultry remain unclear. The widespread use of OAs as growth supplements and antimicrobials in the poultry industry is a rising concern due to the ability of OAs to alter the bacterial pathotype. In this study, we examined the effect of FA on the phenotype of APEC. We observed that following FA-exposure, APEC showed an increased ability to adhere to and invade human intestinal epithelial cells and form better biofilms both aerobically and anaerobically. Worryingly, these isolates also showed an increased resistance to several antibiotics. These results suggest that the increasing use of alternative antimicrobial such as FA in the poultry industry may lead to APEC strains that are increasingly virulent towards human cells with a potential for increased horizontal transmission

Analysis of the human intestinal epithelial cell transcriptional response to Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus salivarius, Bifidobacterium lactis and Escherichia coli

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Putaala ◽  
R. Barrangou ◽  
G. Leyer ◽  
A. Ouwehand ◽  
E. Bech Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Transcriptional Response ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Lactobacillus Salivarius ◽  
Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells

The complex microbial population residing in the human gastrointestinal tract consists of commensal, potential pathogenic and beneficial species, which are probably perceived differently by the host and consequently could be expected to trigger specific transcriptional responses. Here, we provide a comparative analysis of the global in vitro transcriptional response of human intestinal epithelial cells to Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM™, Lactobacillus salivarius Ls-33, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis 420, and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EHEC). Interestingly, L. salivarius Ls-33 DCE-induced changes were overall more similar to those of B. lactis 420 than to L. acidophilus NCFM™, which is consistent with previously observed in vivo immunomodulation properties. In the gene ontology and pathway analyses both specific and unspecific changes were observed. Common to all was the regulation of apoptosis and adipogenesis, and lipid-metabolism related regulation by the probiotics. Specific changes such as regulation of cell-cell adhesion by B. lactis 420, superoxide metabolism by L. salivarius Ls-33, and regulation of MAPK pathway by L. acidophilus NCFM™ were noted. Furthermore, fundamental differences were observed between the pathogenic and probiotic treatments in the Toll-like receptor pathway, especially for adapter molecules with a lowered level of transcriptional activation of MyD88, TRIF, IRAK1 and TRAF6 by probiotics compared to EHEC. The results in this study provide insights into the relationship between probiotics and human intestinal epithelial cells, notably with regard to strain-specific responses, and highlight the differences between transcriptional responses to pathogenic and probiotic bacteria.

scholarly journals Study on effect of anti-diarrheal medicinal plants on enteropathogenic Escherichia coli induced interleukin-8 secretion by intestinal epithelial cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Brijesh ◽  
Pundarikakshudu Tetali ◽  
Tannaz J. Birdi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Colon Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Infantile Diarrhea

Diarrhea is a major health concern in developing countries with enteropathogenic <em>Escherichia coli</em> (EPEC) being a leading cause of infantile diarrhea. Much of the pathology of EPEC infection is due to the inflammatory responses of infected intestinal epithelium through secretion of pro-inflammatory cytoki - nes such as interleukin (IL)-8. With medicinal plants gaining popularity as prospective antidiarrheal agents, we aimed to evaluate the effect of anti-diarrheal medicinal plants on secretion of IL-8 by epithelial cells in response to EPEC infection. The effect of the decoctions of four anti-diarrheal medicinal plants viz. <em>Aegle marmelos</em>, <em>Cyperus rotundus</em>, <em>Psidium guajava</em> and <em>Zingiber officinale</em> was studied on secretion of IL-8 by a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line, HT-29 infected with <em>E. coli </em>E2348/69. Two protocols were used viz. pre-incubation and post-incubation. The data obtained demonstrated that out of the four plants used, only <em>P. guajava</em> decreased secretion of IL-8 in the post-incubation protocol although in the pre-incubation protocol an increase was observed. A similar increase was seen with <em>C. rotundus</em> in the preincubation protocol. No effect on IL-8 secretion was observed with <em>A. marmelos</em> and <em>Z. officinale</em> in both protocols and with <em>C. rotundus </em>in the post-incubation protocol. The post-incubation protocol, in terms of clinical relevance, indicates the effect of the plant decoctions when used as treatment. Hence <em>P. guajava</em> may be effective in controlling the acute inflammatory response of the intestinal epithelial cells in response to EPEC infection.<p> </p>

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