Effect of Seasonal Changes in Environmental Temperatures on Blood Parameters of Local, Necked Neck and White Leghorn Layers

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 398-402
Author(s):  
Huthail Najib ◽  
Abdulaziz Al-Aqil
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

Effect of water restriction and environmental temperatures on metabolic rate and physiological parameters in sheep

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. T. Li ◽  
R. J. Christopherson ◽  
S. J. Cosgrove
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Warm Environment ◽  
Plasma Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Hb Concentration ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

The hypothesis that water restriction reduces metabolic rate and contributes to energy conservation of sheep, and induces changes in blood parameters was tested. Four of eight adult sheep were housed in either a warm (24.8 ± 1.5 °C) or cold (0.4 ± 1.2 °C) environment and fed a diet of alfalfa pellets at 1.2 × maintenance. Each sheep was fasted with or without water according to a crossover design. Average heat production (HP) and rectal temperature (Tr) were higher (P < 0.05) in the cold than in the warm. Fasting decreased HP and Tr (P < 0.05). Water restriction had no additional effect on HP and Tr. Fasting and fasting plus water restriction influenced plasma osmolality and creatinine concentration. Plasma creatinine concentration was lower (P < 0.01) and haemoglobin (Hb) concentration higher in the cold than in the warm environment. Hb concentration was increased with water restriction (P < 0.01) in the warm environment. Plasma cortisol concentration was altered by fasting. Packed cell volume (PCV) in blood, plasma volume and plasma aldosterone were not affected by treatments. The results suggest that water restriction, per se, for 3 d does not suppress metabolic rate in sheep below that resulting from fasting alone. Key words: Heat production, sheep, temperature, water restriction

scholarly journals Seasonal Changes in Interior Egg Quality of Single Comb White Leghorn Hens

1936 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Hunter ◽  
A. Van Wagenen ◽  
G.O. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Single Comb

scholarly journals Production of White Leghorn Hens Subjected to High Environmental Temperatures with Wide Diurnal Fluctuations

1959 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 1182-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Squibb ◽  
Gerald N. Wogan ◽  
Charles H. Reed
Keyword(s):  
White Leghorn ◽  
Diurnal Fluctuations ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

Diel and Seasonal Changes in Resting Levels of Various Blood Parameters in Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 870-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Audet ◽  
Guy Claireaux
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Seasonal Cycles ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Diel Cycles ◽  
Natural Photoperiod

Plasma osmolality, chloride, glucose, Cortisol, thyroid hormones, and blood hematocrit all varied seasonally in freshwater-adapted, age 1 + brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) kept under natural photoperiod and water temperatures. In addition, plasma osmolality, Cortisol, and thyroxine all displayed diel cycles that differed from month to month. High Cortisol levels were related to sexual maturation and possibly to low water temperatures. Seasonal cycles of plasma thyroid hormones did not seem to be influenced by water temperature. Plasma osmolality, chloride, glucose, and thyroxine showed small but significant seasonal changes similar to the variations observed at the time of smoltification in other salmonid species.

Seasonal Changes in the White Blood Cell Population and the Ability of Lymphocytes to Proliferate in Captive Brushtail Possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) .

1999 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
M.L. Baker ◽  
R.T. Gemmell
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Plasma Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Proliferation Of Lymphocytes ◽  
Cell Mitogen

Brushtail possums in our captive colony die more frequently in winter than in summer. The present study examined whether the increased number of deaths in winter is due to a decreased immune response. The number and proportion of white blood cells, the proliferation of lymphocytes in response to the T cell mitogen, phytohaemagglutin (PHA) and the plasma cortisol concentration were determined in six male and six female possums during summer and winter. The total numbers of white blood cells, the numbers of lymphocytes, the proliferation of lymphocytes and the plasma cortisol concentration did not vary significantly between summer and winter. However, significant differences were observed in the numbers of neutrophils and the ratio of lymphocytes to neutrophils (L:N ratio) between the two seasons. The numbers of neutrophils in male and female possums (n=6, P=O.Ol) and 3.15 x 10 /ml (n=6, P=0.04) respectively during winter. The L:N ratio in male and female possums changed from 93:7 (n=6) and 87:12 (n=6) during summer to 78:20 (n=6; P=0.0004) and 65:33 (n=6; P=0.03) respectively during winter. The changes in the blood parameters in possums during winter are similar to those observed in unhealthy possums that subsequently die. These results suggest that possums face more difficult conditions in winter and this may play a role in the greater number of deaths observed at this time of the year.

Observations on the effect of environmental temperature and environment at moult on the heat production and energy requirements of hens and cockerels of a White Leghorn strain

1974 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. B. O'Neill ◽  
N. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Heat Production ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Temperature Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Environmental Temperatures ◽  
Fasting Heat Production

SUMMARYThe heat production of hens and cockerels of a White Leghorn strain (‘H & N’) was measured after acclimation to environmental temperatures of 16, 23, 27 and 33 °C. No difference in fasting heat production was found between 16 and 23 °C for well-feathered hens in the first few months after moult though there were substantial reductions at 27 °C and above. Both hens and cockerels showed a trend of increasing net availability of metabolizable energy with increasing environmental temperature though this was non-significant. There were significant reductions between 16 and 27 °C in the metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance for both sexes.Results are also given for the heat production of laying hens exposed to short daylight periods and high or low environmental temperatures. Although the mean fasting heat production of the high-temperature group was greater, the difference was not statistically significant.

Changes in the Haematology of Antechinus Stuartii (Marsupialia), and Their Association With Male Mortality.

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
PD Cheal ◽  
AK Lee ◽  
JL Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Gastrointestinal Haemorrhage ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Severe Stress ◽  
Aerobic Scope ◽  
Male Mortality ◽  
Antechinus Stuartii

Seasonal changes in the blood parameters of A. stuartii show that most males and a few females are anaemic immediately preceding the post-mating mortality of males. Gastrointestinal haemorrhage and intravascular haemolysis, possibly resulting from infections of Babesia sp., appear probable causes of the anaemias. The marked lymphopenias and neutrophilias observed in males, but not females, are consistent with other evidence of a severe stress response in males at this time. The reduction in haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit detected in most anaemic animals was correlated with an increase in the resting oxygen consumption and a reduction in aerobic scope. These changes coincide with a time of considerable energy expenditure by males and may contribute to their demise.

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