Inhibitory Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Black Mustard on Germination and Growth of Lentil

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munir A. Turk ◽  
Abdel-Rahman . ◽  
M. Tawaha .
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Black Mustard ◽  
Germination And Growth

scholarly journals Laboratory Studies on the Effects of Aqueous Extracts fromSorghum bicolorStem andZea mays(Roots and Tassel) on the Germination and Seedling Growth of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentusL.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Modupe Janet Ayeni ◽  
Joshua Kayode
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Control Experiment ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Experimental Time ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Maize Roots ◽  
Germination And Growth

The allelopathic effect of the aqueous extracts fromSorghum bicolorstem and maize (roots and tassel) were examined on the germination and seedling growth of okra (Abelmoschus esculentusL.). The results showed that the extracts inhibited the germination of okra seeds which was more pronounced in seeds treated with maize (roots and tassel) extracts as no germination was recorded until 48 hours of experimental time. Also the radicle and plumule lengths were retarded. Plumule lengths were more retarded as no germination was recorded until 72 hours of experimental time. The inhibitory effects were concentration dependent as the inhibition increases with increase in concentration of the extracts. Statistical analysis (P<0.05) revealed that there were significant differences in the germination of okra treated seeds most especially at higher concentration of the extracts when compared to control experiment. In the radicle lengths, statistical analysis revealed that there were significant differences in the radicle lengths of the extract treated seeds compared to the control experiment except at 24 hours of experimental time. Similarly in the plumule, significant differences abound in the extract treated seeds from 72 hrs to 144 hrs. These findings indicate that both germination and growth of okra sown in the field may be adversely affected by extracts from these residues, thus resulting in lowering yields especially by the maize root extracts.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effects of Brassicaceae Cover Crop on Ambrosia artemisiifolia Germination and Early Growth

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 794
Author(s):  
Maja Šćepanović ◽  
Marija Sarić-Krsmanović ◽  
Valentina Šoštarčić ◽  
Ema Brijačak ◽  
Josip Lakić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Syringic Acid ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Vanilic Acid

Several cover crops (CCs) exert allelopathic effects that suppress weed growth. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of aqueous extracts containing different concentrations [0, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10% (w/v)] of Brassicaceae CCs (Sinapis alba, Raphanus sativus, Camellina sativa) and of the CCs Fagopyrum esculentum and Guizotia abyssinica on germination and early growth of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. The allelopathic effects were species and concentration-dependent. C. sativa, for example, caused the greatest potential to inhibit germination, shoot, radicle length and fresh seedling weight, whereas S. alba and R. sativus inhibited germination and early growth of A. artemisiifolia only at concentrations ≥7.5%. In contrast, no inhibition was observed when aqueous extracts of F. escultneum and G. abyssinica were added at any of tested concentration. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry detected 15 phenolic compounds in Brassicaceae CCs with the highest content (µg/g) of vanillin (48.8), chlorogenic acid (1057), vanilic acid (79), caffeic acid (102.5) and syringic acid (27.3) in C. sativa. Our results suggest that C. sativa is the most allelopathic CCs and that the fruits of C. sativa are the plant organs richest in allelochemicals.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Inhibitory Effects of Mangrove Leaves and Analysis of Their Active Components on Phaeocystis globosa during Different Stages of Leaf Age

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zhao ◽  
Han Xiao ◽  
Dong Sun ◽  
Shunshan Duan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Harmful Algae ◽  
Marine Ecology ◽  
Phenolic Glycoside ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Red Tides ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Phaeocystis Globosa ◽  
Biological Remediation ◽  
Young Leaves

The presence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) can cause significant problems to the quality of the water, the marine ecosystems, and the human health, and economy worldwide. Biological remediation can inhibit harmful algal growth efficiently in an environmental-friendly manner. Therefore, the research conducted on biological remediation with regard to the inhibition of HABs is becoming a major focus in marine ecology. To date, no study has been reported with regard to the red tides occurring in mangrove wetlands. Therefore, the present study used two mangrove species, namely Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Kandelia candel and one harmful algae species Phaeocystis globosa as experimental organisms. The present study determined the inhibitory effects and algae physiology of specific aqueous extracts from mangrove leaves on the viability of harmful algae, and analyzed the main chemical composition of the aqueous extracts by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS). The results indicated that the aqueous extracts from different leaf ages of B. gymnorrhiza and K. candel leaves exhibited apparent inhibitory effects on the growth of P. globosa. The inhibitory effects of B. gymnorrhiza and K. candel leaves aqueous extracts on the growth of P. globosa were in the following order: senescent > mature > young leaves. The levels of the parameters superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA)content in P. globosa following treatment with B. gymnorrhiza and K. candel leaves aqueous extracts were increased as follows: senescent > mature > young leaves. Simultaneously, the intensity of the ion peaks of the specific secondary metabolites assigned 4 (No.: 4 Rt: 2.83 min), 7 (No.: 7 Rt: 3.14 min), 8 (No.: 8 Rt: 3.24 min), 9 (No.: 9 Rt: 3.82min) and 10 (No.: 10 Rt: 4.10 min) were increased. These metabolites were found in the aqueous extracts from B. gymnorrhiza leaves. The intensities of the ion peaks of the secondary metabolites 7, 8 in the aqueous extracts from the K. candel leaves were also increased. The majority of the substances that inhibited the algae found in the mangrove plants were secondary metabolites. Therefore, we considered that the norsesquiterpenes compounds 4, 8, 9, and 10 and a phenolic glycoside compound 7 were the active constituents in the aqueous extracts of the mangrove leaves responsible for the inhibition of algae growth. This evidence provided theoretical guidance for the development of biological methods to control red tides and for the further use of substances with antiproliferative activity against algae.

scholarly journals Phytotoxic Effect of Tithonia rotundifolia (Miller) S.F.Blake on Chlorophyll and Protein Contents of Vigna unguiculata L. and Zea mays L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Ilori Olasupo John ◽  
Olutobi Oluwafunmilayo Otusanya
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Range Test

A large number of plants impose inhibitory effects on the germination and growth of neighbouring or successional plants by releasing allelochemicals into the soil. This study investigated the phytotoxic effects of Tithonia rotundifolia (Miller) S.F.Blake on the chlorophyll and protein contents of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walpers and Zea mays L.. This was with a view to determining the susceptibility of these crops to allelochemicals in the extracts prepared from T. rotundifolia. Seeds of the test plants were sown in pots filled with top humus soil. At two weeks, seedlings in each pot were thinned down to 10 seedlings per pot. Potted plants of the test crops were supplied with 400 ml of the appropriate water extracts while the control potted plants were supplied with 400 ml of water. Biochemical analyses were carried out according to standard methods. The data obtained were analysed by (ANOVA) to determine significant (P< 0.05) effects. The means were compared using Duncan Multiple Range Test. The chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and protein contents in V. unguiculata and Z. mays and were significantly inhibited by the extract from T. rotundifolia. The inhibitory effects of these allelochemicals increased with concentration. The phytotoxic effect of T. rotundifolia was species dependent. It was concluded that the extract contains water-soluble allelochemicals which inhibited the biochemical parameters of the test crops. T. rotundifolia should be controlled where it grows in association with cultivated crops.

scholarly journals Results of the Research on the Allelopathic Effect Between the Neophyte Species, Iva Xanthiifolia Nutt. (“Ierboaia”) and Some Agricultural Crops

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolae HODIŞAN
Keyword(s):  
Primary Source ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Germination And Growth

Iva xanthiifolia Nutt., popularly known as “ierboaie”, is a neophyte invasive species notorious for being an allergenic weed, identified in the west of Romania, in two locations near Oradea, in Bihor County, near the border with Hungary. This species belongs to the allergenic weeds, being considered by some even more dangerous than Ambrosia artemisiifolia L., the two representing in summer the primary source of allergies, or diseases like hay fever, due to the pollen released in the atmosphere.The research is about the results of the allelophatic effect upon the germination and growth of plants, immediately after springing, viewed as the interaction between the species of Iva xanthiifolia and five other crop plants: wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), rye (Secale cereale L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), rape (Brassica napus L.) and lucerne (Medicago sativa). The experiments that were performed consisted in applying treatments with aqueous extracts obtained from different vegetative organs (roots, leaves, stems and seeds) harvested from Iva xanthiifolia plants. In all cases, the results indicate a rather large inhibitor effect, no matter if the aqueous extracts were obtained from green plants or dehydrated ones.

scholarly journals Debaryomyces hansenii Strains Isolated From Danish Cheese Brines Act as Biocontrol Agents to Inhibit Germination and Growth of Contaminating Molds

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuchu Huang ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Pernille Greve Johansen ◽  
Mikael Agerlin Petersen ◽  
Nils Arneborg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Debaryomyces Hansenii ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chromosome Polymorphism ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Native Strains ◽  
Germination And Growth

The antagonistic activities of native Debaryomyces hansenii strains isolated from Danish cheese brines were evaluated against contaminating molds in the dairy industry. Determination of chromosome polymorphism by use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) revealed a huge genetic heterogeneity among the D. hansenii strains, which was reflected in intra-species variation at the phenotypic level. 11 D. hansenii strains were tested for their ability to inhibit germination and growth of contaminating molds, frequently occurring at Danish dairies, i.e., Cladosporium inversicolor, Cladosporium sinuosum, Fusarium avenaceum, Mucor racemosus, and Penicillium roqueforti. Especially the germination of C. inversicolor and P. roqueforti was significantly inhibited by cell-free supernatants of all D. hansenii strains. The underlying factors behind the inhibitory effects of the D. hansenii cell-free supernatants were investigated. Based on dynamic headspace sampling followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (DHS-GC-MS), 71 volatile compounds (VOCs) produced by the D. hansenii strains were identified, including 6 acids, 22 alcohols, 15 aldehydes, 3 benzene derivatives, 8 esters, 3 heterocyclic compounds, 12 ketones, and 2 phenols. Among the 71 identified VOCs, inhibition of germination of C. inversicolor correlated strongly with three VOCs, i.e., 3-methylbutanoic acid, 2-pentanone as well as acetic acid. For P. roqueforti, two VOCs correlated with inhibition of germination, i.e., acetone and 2-phenylethanol, of which the latter also correlated strongly with inhibition of mycelium growth. Low half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were especially observed for 3-methylbutanoic acid, i.e., 6.32–9.53 × 10–5 and 2.00–2.67 × 10–4 mol/L for C. inversicolor and P. roqueforti, respectively. For 2-phenylethanol, a well-known quorum sensing molecule, the IC50 was 1.99–7.49 × 10–3 and 1.73–3.45 × 10–3 mol/L for C. inversicolor and P. roqueforti, respectively. For acetic acid, the IC50 was 1.35–2.47 × 10–3 and 1.19–2.80 × 10–3 mol/L for C. inversicolor and P. roqueforti, respectively. Finally, relative weak inhibition was observed for 2-pentanone and acetone. The current study shows that native strains of D. hansenii isolated from Danish brines have antagonistic effects against specific contaminating molds and points to the development of D. hansenii strains as bioprotective cultures, targeting cheese brines and cheese surfaces.

scholarly journals Identification of an anti-plant-virus molecule in Alpinia zerumbet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Hatanaka ◽  
Mari Narusaka ◽  
Misugi Uraji ◽  
Yasuyuki Yamaji ◽  
Yoshihiro Narusaka
Keyword(s):  
Plant Virus ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Solanaceae Family ◽  
Alpinia Zerumbet ◽  
Phase Column ◽  
Reversed Phase Column

Abstract In plants, viral diseases are second only to fungal diseases in terms of occurrence, and cause substantial damage to agricultural crops. The aqueous extracts of shell ginger, Alpinia zerumbet exhibit inhibitory effects against virus infections in belonging to the Solanaceae family. In this study, we isolated an anti-plant-virus molecule from the extracts using a conventional method involving a combination of reversed phase column chromatography, dialysis, and lyophilization. The anti-plant-virus molecule was identified as proanthocyanidin, which mostly consisted of epicatechin and exhibited more than 40 degrees of polymerization.

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