Evaluation of Infestation Levels of the Ectoparasitic Mite Varroa destructor Infesting Honeybee Apis mellifera and its Control Using Essential Oil in Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed H. Fouly ◽  
Mohammad A. AL-Dehhair
2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 992-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehya Alattal ◽  
Ahmad AlGhamdi ◽  
Arif Single ◽  
Mohammad Javed Ansari ◽  
Hussien Alkathiri

Author(s):  
S. B. L. C. Moreira ◽  
M. O. Guimarães-Brasil ◽  
J. P. Holanda-Neto ◽  
M. C M. Souza ◽  
E. A. Souza

<p>O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, por meio de análise <em>in vitro</em>, o potencial acaricida do óleo essencial extraído de folhas da planta do alecrim pimenta (<em>Lippia sidoides</em>) na mortalidade de <em>Apis mellifera </em>e do ácaro <em>Varroa destructor</em>, parasita destas abelhas. A extração do óleo essencial foi realizada através o método de SOXHLET. Os ácaros foram retirados com auxílio de uma pinça de células de zangões infestadas, enquanto que as abelhas foram coletadas em recipientes de boca larga nos quadros do ninho das colmeias, ambos provenientes do apiário do IFRN. Os ácaros foram transferidos para uma placa de petri e as abelhas para gaiolas de observação, ambos contendo em seu interior uma esponja com área média de 1cm<sup>2</sup> contendo os volumes T<sub>0</sub> 0μL, T<sub>1</sub> 100μL e T<sub>2</sub> 200μL de óleos essenciais, sendo cada volume um ensaio. As abelhas e os ácaros foram observados por seis horas para a quantificação da mortalidade em função dos tratamentos utilizados. As quantidades de volumes não influenciaram na mortalidade do hospedeiro e do parasita, mesmo assim apresentou uma morte gradual do ácaro, que variou de 5,69±2,21 a 19,90±3,10, correspondente ao T<sub>0</sub> e T<sub>2</sub>, respectivamente. A <em>A. mellifera </em>apresentou uma variação de 0,00±0,00 a 2,03±1,41, correspondente ao T<sub>0</sub> e T<sub>1</sub>. Ademais, ao colocarmos em confronto, mesmo não havendo relação à morte de ambos com os volumes (Chi² = 2,03; p = 0,329; gl = 2), podemos observar que o óleo essencial de alecrim pimenta pode ser uma viável estratégia no controle a disseminação do ectoparasita.</p><p><strong><em>In vitro evaluation of essential oil effectiveness of Alecrim Pimenta (Lippia sidoides) in against varroase on Apis mellifera </em></strong><strong>L. </strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>The aim of this study was at evaluating the acaricide potential of the essential oil extracted from the leaves of Rosemary Pepper   (<em>Lippia sidoides</em>)  concerned to the mortality of the  bees <em>Apis mellifera  </em>and the mite <em>Varroa destructor ,</em> parasite of such bees, through the analysis <em>in vitro</em> . The extraction of the essential oil was accomplished through the method known as SOXHLET. The mites were removed with tweezers infested with drone cells, while the bees were placed in wide-mouth containers in the nest hives, both from the apiary of the Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte. The mites were transferred to a petri dish and the bees for observation cages, both containing a sponge inside with the average area of 1cm<sup>2</sup> containing the volumes T<sub>0</sub> 0μL, T<sub>1</sub> 100μL and T<sub>2</sub> 200μL of essential oils, and each volume an essay. The mites and bees were observed for six hours for the quantification of mortality in relation to the treatments used. The quantities of volumes did not affect the mortality of the host and the parasite, still presented a gradual death mite, which variated from 5,69±2,21 to 19,90±3,10, related to T<sub>0</sub> and T<sub>2</sub>, respectively. The <em>Apis mellifera</em> showed a variation from 0,00±0,00 to 2,03±1,41, related to T<sub>0</sub> and T<sub>1</sub>. Besides, putting into confrontation, even without regard to the death of both the volumes (Chi² = 2,03; p = 0,329; gl = 2), we can see that the essential oil of rosemary pepper can be a viable strategy to control the spread of ectoparasites.</p>


2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benmoussa Kouache ◽  
Moussa Brada ◽  
Abdelkader Saadi ◽  
Marie Laure Fauconnier ◽  
Georges Lognay ◽  
...  

The aim of the present study was to determine the chemical composition and evaluate the acaricidal activity of Thymus algeriensis essential oil (TAEO) against Varroa destructor. This ectoparasitic mite is a pest of the honey bee Apis mellifera. The essential oil from the aerial parts of T. algeriensis, obtained by hydrodistillation, was obtained in a yield of 2.8± 0.2%, w/w. The TAEO was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Thirty-four compounds were identified, representing 99.3% of the oil. The main constituents were carvacrol (48.4%), γ-terpinene (14.9%), p-cymene (14.7%), and thymol (5.6%). Four lots were constituted at the level of an apiary in order to study the dynamics of the Varroa destructor and its host, Apis mellifera. After diagnosis by the biological method “install of diapers”, the lots were treated at different doses of TAEO (0.1, 0.3 and 0.5%). TAEO was sprayed on top of the hives. The results show that TAEO at 0.5% resulted in a decrease in the rate of infestation of Varroa destructor, causing a mortality rate of 32.6% without negative effect on the nesting of the queen. The essential oil of T. algeriensis could be used as a bioacaricidal agent.


2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-171
Author(s):  
А.В. СПРЫГИН ◽  
◽  
Ю.Ю. БАБИН ◽  
Е.М. ХАНБЕКОВА ◽  
Л.Е. РУБЦОВА ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 778-788
Author(s):  
William De Jesús May-Itzá ◽  
Luis Abdelmir Abdelmir Medina Medina

Se evaluó la eficacia del humo de los frutos secos de Guazuma ulmifolia y los vapores de timol en el control del ácaro Varroa destructor infestando colonias de abejas africanizadas (Apis mellifera) de Yucatán. Se utilizaron tres tratamientos: Grupo 1 (G1), las colonias de abejas recibieron 5 a 8 bocanadas de humo de los frutos secos de G. ulmifolia dos veces por semana, durante un período de tres semanas; Grupo 2 (G2), las colonias recibieron 4-8 g de cristales de timol con tres aplicaciones cada siete días, y Grupo 3 (G3 o grupo control) las colonias no recibieron ningún tratamiento durante las tres semanas del experimento. Se colectaron 200 a 300 abejas adultas de cada colonia previo a la aplicación de los tratamientos (día 0) y a los 7, 14 y 21 días después de las aplicaciones, con la finalidad de determinar los niveles de infestación y eficacia de los tratamientos. Los resultados indican que los niveles de infestación de V. destructor en las abejas adultas disminuyeron al final del experimento (21 días) y fueron estadísticamente diferentes para los tres tratamientos, siendo menor para G2. La eficacia al final de los tratamientos fue de 41 y 69 %, para G1 y G2, respectivamente. Estos resultados corroboran que la aplicación de cristales de timol es una alternativa para el control del ácaro V. destructor en Yucatán, y que la aplicación del humo de los frutos secos de G. ulmifolia reduce los niveles de infestación de este parásito en comparación con las colonias que no recibieron ningún tipo de tratamiento (G3).


Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Matthieu Guichard ◽  
Benoît Droz ◽  
Evert W. Brascamp ◽  
Adrien von Virag ◽  
Markus Neuditschko ◽  
...  

For the development of novel selection traits in honey bees, applicability under field conditions is crucial. We thus evaluated two novel traits intended to provide resistance against the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor and to allow for their straightforward implementation in honey bee selection. These traits are new field estimates of already-described colony traits: brood recapping rate (‘Recapping’) and solidness (‘Solidness’). ‘Recapping’ refers to a specific worker characteristic wherein they reseal a capped and partly opened cell containing a pupa, whilst ‘Solidness’ assesses the percentage of capped brood in a predefined area. According to the literature and beekeepers’ experiences, a higher recapping rate and higher solidness could be related to resistance to V. destructor. During a four-year field trial in Switzerland, the two resistance traits were assessed in a total of 121 colonies of Apis mellifera mellifera. We estimated the repeatability and the heritability of the two traits and determined their phenotypic correlations with commonly applied selection traits, including other putative resistance traits. Both traits showed low repeatability between different measurements within each year. ‘Recapping’ had a low heritability (h2 = 0.04 to 0.05, depending on the selected model) and a negative phenotypic correlation to non-removal of pin-killed brood (r = −0.23). The heritability of ‘Solidness’ was moderate (h2 = 0.24 to 0.25) and did not significantly correlate with resistance traits. The two traits did not show an association with V. destructor infestation levels. Further research is needed to confirm the results, as only a small number of colonies was evaluated.


BMC Genomics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Scott Cornman ◽  
Michael C Schatz ◽  
J Spencer Johnston ◽  
Yan-Ping Chen ◽  
Jeff Pettis ◽  
...  

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