Comparative Susceptibility of Some Local Potato Cultivars to Four Fusarium Species Causing Tuber Dry Rot in Tunisia

In recent years, different postharvest alterations have been detected in garlic. In many cases, the symptoms are not well defined, or the etiology is unknown, which further complicates the selection of bulbs during postharvest handling. To characterize the different symptoms of bulb rot caused by fungi, garlic bulb samples were collected from six Spanish provinces in two consecutive years. Eight different fungal species were identified. The most prevalent postharvest disease was Fusarium dry rot (56.1%), which was associated with six Fusarium species. Fusarium proliferatum was detected in more than 85% of symptomatic cloves, followed by F. oxysporum and F. solani. Pathogenicity tests did not show a significant correlation between virulence and mycotoxin production (fumonisins, beauvericin, and moniliformin) or the mycelial growth rate. Penicillium allii was detected in 12.2% of the samples; it was greatly influenced by the harvest season and garlic cultivar, and three different morphotypes were identified. Stemphylium vesicarium and Embellisia allii were pathogenic to wounded cloves. Some of the isolated fungal species produce highly toxic mycotoxins, which may have a negative impact on human health. This work is the first to determine the quantitative importance, pathogenicity, and virulence of the causative agents of postharvest garlic rot in Spain.

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Chemical and biological control of Fusarium species involved in garlic dry rot at early crop stages

European Journal of Plant Pathology ◽

10.1007/s10658-021-02265-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Letizia Mondani ◽

Giorgio Chiusa ◽

Paola Battilani

Keyword(s):

Growth Inhibition ◽

Fusarium Species ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Severity Index ◽

Field Application ◽

Dry Rot ◽

Great Capacity ◽

Chemical Products

AbstractThe aim of the study was to test in vitro and in vivo the efficacy of triazoles and biocontrol agents (BCAs) against Fusarium proliferatum and F. oxysporum, the former signaled as the main causal agent of garlic dry rot and the latter also involved. In vitro trials were organized using potato dextrose agar with added chemicals or BCAs inoculated with selected F. proliferatum and F. oxysporum. Garlic cloves were dipped before sowing in suspensions prepared with the fungicides showing the best performances in vitro; then they were dipped in Fusaria suspension before sowing. In in vitro trials, the maximum Fusaria growth inhibition was performed by Propiconazole + Prochloraz (100%), followed by Tebuconazole (88.9%). BCAs showed great capacity to control Fusaria, with a maximum growth inhibition of 80% (Trichoderma harzianum + T. gamsii). In vivo bacterial BCAs showed a similar capacity to control F. proliferatum and F. oxysporum compared to chemical products (mean of severity index 18.6% and 11.7%, respectively). In vivo results confirmed the in vitro performances, except for Trichoderma, which had the worst performances in vivo. Therefore, the results are preliminary but promising for future field application.

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Quantitative Trait Loci for Resistance to Potato Dry Rot Caused by Fusarium sambucinum

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy12010203 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 203

Author(s):

Sylwester Sobkowiak ◽

Marta Janiszewska ◽

Emil Stefańczyk ◽

Iwona Wasilewicz-Flis ◽

Jadwiga Śliwka

Keyword(s):

Interval Mapping ◽

Potato Cultivars ◽

Genetic Maps ◽

Dry Rot ◽

Potato Genome ◽

Polygenic Control ◽

Efficient Breeding ◽

Chromosome I ◽

Mapping Populations ◽

Important Disease

Tuber dry rot is an important disease of potato caused by soil and seed-borne pathogens of the Fusarium genus leading to losses that may reach 60% of the yield. The goal of this work was to study the inheritance of the dry rot resistance in two diploid potato hybrid populations (11-36 and 12-3) with complex pedigrees, including several wild Solanum spp. We used an aggressive isolate of F. sambucinum for phenotyping both progenies, parents, and standard potato cultivars in laboratory tuber tests, in three subsequent years. The QTL for dry rot resistance were mapped by interval mapping on existing genetic maps of both mapping populations. The most important and reproducible QTL for this trait was mapped on chromosome I and additional year- and population-specific QTL were mapped on chromosomes II, VII, IX, XI, and XII, confirming polygenic control of this resistance. This is the first study mapping the loci affecting tuber dry rot resistance in potato genome that can contribute to better understanding of potato-F. sambucinum interaction and to more efficient breeding of resistant potato cultivars.

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Assessment of the Antifungal Activity of Non-pathogenic Potatoassociated Fungi toward Fusarium Species Causing Tuber Dry Rot Disease

Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology ◽

10.4172/2157-7471.1000343 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 07 (04) ◽

Author(s):

Boutheina Mejdoub-Trabelsi ◽

Rania Aydi Ben Abdallah

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Fusarium Species ◽

Dry Rot ◽

Rot Disease

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Erratum to “Biological control of the potato tubers dry rot caused by Fusarium species using PGPR strains” [Biol. Control 50 (2009) 194–198]

Biological Control ◽

10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.09.006 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 390 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Recep Kotan ◽

Fikrettin Sahin ◽

Erkol Demirci ◽

Cafer Eken

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Fusarium Species ◽

Potato Tubers ◽

Dry Rot

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Studies on Fusarium species associated with a field planting of 'pathogen-tested' potatoes

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9740293 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 293 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

SC Chambers ◽

JR Millington

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Fusarium Species ◽

Streptomyces Griseus ◽

Potato Cultivars ◽

Experimental Site ◽

Fusarium Infection ◽

Tuber Infection ◽

Soil Population

Bacillus subtilis (isolate 1-B80) and Streptomyces griseus (isolate 2-A24), both antagonistic to Fusarium species, were applied to 'pathogen-tested' cuttings of the potato cultivars Kennebec and Sequoia, and to their potting soil, before transplanting to the field. No data were obtained to indicate that either microorganism reduced Fusarium infection of tubers from these transplants. However, the Fusarium population was significantly less at 70 days in soil proximal to Sequoia transplants treated with either microorganism, and to Kennebec transplants treated with S. griseus. Tuber yields were significantly greater from Sequoia, but not from Kennebec when treated with either microorganism. Six Fusarium species were isolated from infected tubers, F. oxysporum being the commonest. In most instances, infection was confined to one tuber per plant. There was no correlation between tuber infection and stem injury, nor between tuber infection and soil population. In the laboratory, the addition of B. subtilis and S. griseus to soil from the experimental site significantly reduced estimates of the Fusarium population for 70 and 140 days respectively.

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