Populations of Rumen Microbes and the In vitro Digestibility of Fermented Oil Palm Fronds in Combination with Tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) and Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum)

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Novirman Jamarun ◽  
Mardiati Zain ◽  
Arief . ◽  
Roni Pazla
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Rumen Microbes ◽  
Oil Palm Fronds ◽  
Palm Fronds

scholarly journals Evaluasi Nilai Nutrisi dan Kecernaan In Vitro Pelepah Kelapa Sawit (Oil Palm Fronds) yang Difermentasi Menggunakan Aspergillus niger dengan Penambahan Sumber Karbohidrat yang Berbeda

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sitti Wajizah ◽  
Samadi Samadi ◽  
Yunasri Usman ◽  
Elmy Mariana
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Oil Palm Fronds ◽  
Palm Fronds

(The evaluation of  nutritive value and In Vitro digestibility of oil palm fronds through fermentation by using  Aspergillus niger  with  different soluble carbohydrate sources) ABSTRACT. Oil palm frond (OPF) is one of potential sources of alternative feed, but has limited use due to high crude fiber and low crude protein contents. Fermentation is one of the methods widely applied to improve nutritive value of animal feed. The purpose of this research is to increase nutritive value of fermented oil palm fronds by adding different soluble carbohydrate source into fermentation media. The results of the experiments indicated that fermented oil palm fronds by Aspergillus niger had a significant effect (P0,05)  on the content of crude protein, crude fiber, and ash. Generally, fermented oil palm fronds with different soluble carbohydrate was able to increase the content of crude protein of oil palm fronds, but not optimal yet in reducing the crude fiber content of fermented substrate. However, the addition of rice bran on the fermentation medium showed the best results, characterized by increasing crude protein and decreasing crude fiber contents as well as improved dry matter and organic matter digestibility, reflected in high concentration of VFA. 

scholarly journals Efek suplementasi tepung kulit jengkol pada pelepah sawit fermentasi terhadap profil mikroba rumen dan produksi gas metan in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Nurhaita Nurhaita ◽  
Nur Hidayah ◽  
Neli Definiati
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Rumen Microbes ◽  
Oil Palm Fronds ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Palm Fronds ◽  
Range Test

<p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Objective: </strong>This research was aimed to evaluation the effect of supplementation jengkol peel powder in fermented oil palm fronds on rumen microbes profile and methane production on <em>in vitro</em>.</p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>The used design was factorial randomized block design with four treatments supplementation of jengkol peel powder at 0, 2, 4, and 6% and four groups as replications. The observed variables were rumen microbes profile (population of total bacteria, cellulolytic, and protozoa), methane production, partial <em>volatile fatty acid</em> (VFA) proportion and acetate/propionate (A/P) ratio. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and different among treatments means examined by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT).<strong></strong></p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>The result showed that supplementation of jengkol peel powder at 6% substrate increased (P&lt;0.05) total and cellulolytic bacteria population. Jengkol peel powder supplementation as much as 4 and 6% decreased (P&lt;0.05) protozoa population, methane production, acetate proportion and A/P ratio. Supplementation of jengkol peel powder at 2% increased (P&lt;0.05) propionate production.<strong></strong></p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, fermented oil palm fronds can be substituted with jengkol peel powder at 2% substrate that did not disturb rumen microbes profile, decreased methane production, acetate proportion, A/P ratio and increased propionate production on <em>in vitro</em>.<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Yield and nutritional value of BRS Capiaçu grass at different regrowth ages

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 2045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Pinto Monção ◽  
Marco Aurélio Moraes Soares Costa ◽  
João Paulo Sampaio Rigueria ◽  
Marielly Maria Almeida Moura ◽  
Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility

The objective was to evaluate the productivity, chemical composition, ruminal degradability of dry matter and digestibility of BRS capiaçu grass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) managed at five regrowth ages. A completely randomized design with ten replications was used in the BRS capiaçu elephant grass subjected to five cutting intervals (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days) in the summer, making a total of 50 plots with a useful area of 4 x 2 m. There were daily increases in the dry matter production in the order of 382 kg ha-1, with 49,859 kg ha-1 being produced at 150 regrowth days. The dry matter content and organic matter linearly increased (P < 0.01) at different regrowth ages. The crude protein content, in vitro dry matter digestibility and in vitro digestibility of neutral detergent fiber linearly reduced (P < 0.01) 0.037%, 0.196% and 0.256% per day, respectively. Potential degradability of dry matter decreased from 68.9% at 30 days to 44.7% at 150 regrowth days (0.194 percentage units per day). The rate of degradation of fraction B 'c' was not modified (P = 0.94), averaging 1.46% hour-1. In the cultivation of BRS capiaçu elephant grass in the summer season, in the northern region of Minas Gerais, the age for harvesting between 90 and 120 days of regrowth is recommended.

scholarly journals Improving Ruminal Degradibility Of Oil Palm Fronds Using Enzyme Extracts From White Rot Fungi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fariz - Nicholas ◽  
H.A. - Hassim ◽  
A.F. - Nicholas ◽  
Marta - Lourenço ◽  
A.A - Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
Rumen Degradation ◽  
Oil Palm Fronds ◽  
Palm Fronds

Abstract Background: Oil palm fronds (OPF) when pretreated with white rot fungi (WRF) shows increased rumen degradability but with significant biomass loss. Thus, effects of pre-treated OPF with enzyme extracts from WRF on rumen degradability were studied in vitro. The enzyme extracts were prepared by inoculating OPF with three WRF, i.e Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, Lentinula edodes and Ganoderma lucidum, for 15, 30 and 45 days with either ammonium sulphate, (NH4)2SO4 and sodium nitrate, NaNO3 added to the culture media for each inoculation period. After preparation of enzyme extracts, the enzyme activities were determined. OPF was then pre-treated with enzyme extracts in a citrate buffer (pH 5.0) in a forced air oven at 40 oC during 5 days. Further, the in vitro rumen degradation of OPF pre-treated with enzyme extracts, with respect to the short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, was determined after 24 h incubation. Activity of lignolytic (laccase and MnP), cellulolytic (CMCase and avicelase) and hemicellulolytic (xylanase) enzymes were measured in all of the extracts irrespective on the inoculation period. Results: Treatment of OPF with enzyme extracts from G. lucidum after 45 days of inoculation showed a numerical increase (13%) in total SCFA and apparently rumen degradable carbohydrates (ARDC) after 24 h in vitro incubation, without any loss of biomass. However, this increase was not clearly correlated to results of the enzyme assays. Conclusion: This study indicates pre-treatment of OPF with enzyme extracts from specific WRF to be promising to enhance the ruminal degradability of OPF without simultaneous loss of biomass.

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