Asymmetric Gray Matter Volume Changes Associated with Epilepsy Duration and Seizure Frequency in Temporal-Lobe-Epilepsy Patients with Favorable Surgical Outcome

Background: Scan acceleration techniques, such as parallel imaging, can reduce scan times, but reliability is essential to implement these techniques in neuroimaging. Objective: To evaluate the reproducibility of the longitudinal changes in brain morphology determined by longitudinal voxel-based morphometry (VBM) between non-accelerated and accelerated magnetic resonance images (MRI) in normal aging, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: Using data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) 2 database, comprising subjects who underwent non-accelerated and accelerated structural T1-weighted MRI at screening and at a 2-year follow-up on 3.0 T Philips scanners, we examined the reproducibility of longitudinal gray matter volume changes determined by longitudinal VBM processing between non-accelerated and accelerated imaging in 50 healthy elderly subjects, 54 MCI patients, and eight AD patients. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) maps differed among the three groups. The mean ICC was 0.72 overall (healthy elderly, 0.63; MCI, 0.75; AD, 0.63), and the ICC was good to excellent (0.6–1.0) for 81.4%of voxels (healthy elderly, 64.8%; MCI, 85.0%; AD, 65.0%). The differences in image quality (head motion) were not significant (Kruskal–Wallis test, p = 0.18) and the within-subject standard deviations of longitudinal gray matter volume changes were similar among the groups. Conclusion: The results indicate that the reproducibility of longitudinal gray matter volume changes determined by VBM between non-accelerated and accelerated MRI is good to excellent for many regions but may vary between diseases and regions.

Download Full-text

Preservation of Gray Matter Volume in Early Stage of Bipolar Disorder: A Case for Early Intervention

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0706743720927827 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 070674372092782 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kamyar Keramatian ◽

Wayne Su ◽

Gayatri Saraf ◽

Trisha Chakrabarty ◽

Lakshmi N. Yatham

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Early Stage ◽

Gray Matter Volume ◽

Volume Changes ◽

Matter Volume ◽

History Of ◽

Bipolar Patients ◽

Gray Matter Volumes ◽

Healthy Participants

Objective: It has been proposed that different stages of the bipolar disorder might have distinct neurobiological changes. However, the evidence for this has not been consistent, as the studies in early stages of the illness are limited by small sample sizes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the gray matter volume changes in bipolar patients who recently recovered from their first episode of mania (FEM). Methods: Using a whole-brain voxel-based analysis, we compared the regional gray matter volumes of 61 bipolar patients who have recovered from their FEM in the past 3 months with 43 age- and gender-matched healthy participants. We also performed a series of subgroup analyses to determine the effects of hospitalization during the FEM, history of depressive episodes, and exposure to lithium. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between gray matter volumes of FEM patients and healthy participants, even at a more liberal threshold ( P < 0.001, uncorrected for multiple comparisons). Voxel-based subgroup analyses did not reveal significant gray matter differences except for a trend toward decreased gray matter volume in left lateral occipital cortex ( P < 0.001, uncorrected) in patients with a previous history of depression. Conclusion: This study represents the largest structural neuroimaging investigation of FEM published to date. Early stage of bipolar disorder was not found to be associated with significant gray matter volume changes. Our findings suggest that there might be a window of opportunity for early intervention strategies to prevent or delay neuroprogression in bipolar disorder.

Download Full-text

Global and regional volume changes in the brains of patients with phenylketonuria

Neurology ◽

10.1212/01.wnl.0000204415.39853.4a ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 66 (7) ◽

pp. 1074-1078 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

B. Pérez-Dueñas ◽

J. Pujol ◽

C. Soriano-Mas ◽

H. Ortiz ◽

R. Artuch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Premotor Cortex ◽

Gray Matter Volume ◽

Relative Increase ◽

Volume Reduction ◽

Periventricular White Matter ◽

White Matter Volume ◽

Volume Changes ◽

Matter Volume

Background: Although phenylketonuria is a treatable disease, patients with late or nonoptimal phenylalanine-restricted diet may experience brain damage. The authors used tridimensional MRI and a voxelwise analysis method to investigate possible volume changes in the brain parenchyma of patients with phenylketonuria.Methods: The authors assessed 27 treated patients (mean age ± SD, 20 ± 7 years) and 27 matched control subjects. Global tissue volumes were compared, and statistical parametric maps of between-group regional volume differences were obtained for gray and white matter. Anatomic data were correlated with relevant clinical and biochemical variables.Results: Patients with phenylketonuria showed smaller gray matter volumes that were associated with lower IQ and older age at diagnosis. Voxel-based maps revealed that significant gray matter volume reduction occurred in motor and premotor cortex and thalamus. A relative increase in gray matter volume was observed in the ventral part of the striatum. The authors found no group differences for global white matter measurements. Higher recent phenylalanine levels, however, were associated with larger global white matter volume in early-treated patients. Voxel-based maps showed a relative volume reduction in periventricular white matter and a relative increase in the region of the internal capsule, extending to the adjacent thalamus and striatum.Conclusions: Treated patients may show significant gray and white matter volume changes related to the duration and strict observation of dietary treatment. Further studies are needed to investigate whether the presence of neurologic symptoms may be explained by specific anatomic alterations.

Download Full-text