Measurement of the relative velocity between an electromagnetic wave and its source/observer using the Doppler effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-443
Author(s):  
Shukri Klinaku ◽  
Naim Syla ◽  
Bashkim Ziberi ◽  
Zeqë Tolaj ◽  
Leutrim Klinaku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Doppler Effect ◽  
Relative Velocity ◽  
Doppler Radar ◽  
Velocity Of Light ◽  
The Doppler Effect

The velocity of light is independent of the velocity of its source/observer. But the relative velocity between light and its source/observers is dependent on the velocity of the light source/observer, and this does not conflict with the first assumption. The velocity of light is <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> </mml:math> everywhere and for everyone, but velocities <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>v</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mi>v</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , where <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mi>v</mml:mi> </mml:math> is the velocity of a light source/observer, do not represent the velocity of light, but the relative velocity between light and its source/observer. The velocity of light can, thus, be added to and subtracted from any velocity—giving a measurable relative velocity. A simple and common proof for this is the Doppler effect or the working of the Doppler radar. If there were no relative velocity between the electromagnetic wave and its source/observer, then there would be no Doppler effect nor would the Doppler radar work. In this paper, we will measure experimentally the relative velocity between the electromagnetic wave and the source/observer, using the Doppler effect.

scholarly journals Gravitational Fields and Gravitational Waves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Doppler Effect ◽  
Relative Velocity ◽  
Gravitational Force ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
Finite Velocity ◽  
Gravitational Fields ◽  
Light Waves ◽  
The Doppler Effect

Abstract For any object with finite velocity, the relative velocity between them will affect the effect between them. This effect can be called the chasing effect (general Doppler effect). LIGO discovered gravitational waves and measured the speed of gravitational waves equal to the speed of light c. Gravitational waves are generated due to the disturbance of the gravitational field, and the gravitational waves will affect the gravitational force on the object. We know that light waves have the Doppler effect, and gravitational waves also have this characteristic. The article studies the following questions around gravitational waves: What is the spatial distribution of gravitational waves? Can the speed of the gravitational wave represent the speed of the gravitational field (the speed of the action of the gravitational field on the object)? What is the speed of the gravitational field? Will gravitational waves caused by the revolution of the sun affect planetary precession?

scholarly journals The "Dimming Effect" Produced by the Application of Doppler Effect on the Quantity of Photons Arriving to a Receiver and its Implication to Astronomy (ver. 2)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Zilberman
Keyword(s):  
Dark Energy ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Doppler Effect ◽  
Time Dilation ◽  
Red Shift ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Wave Component ◽  
Shift Parameter ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
The Doppler Effect

This article describes the "Dimming effect" that is produced by the Doppler effect applied to a quantity of individual photons arriving to a receiver from a moving source of light. The corpuscular-wave dualism of light suggests that the well-known Doppler effect, which is currently applied only to the wave component of light, should also be considered for the corpuscular component of light. Application of the Doppler effect on a quantity of photons leads to the "Dimming Effect" - as the faster light source is moving away from observer - the dimmer its brightness appears. While the described dimming effect is negligible for low-speed light sources, it becomes significant for light sources with a velocity comparable to light speed in a vacuum. The relativistic adjustments for time dilation cause the described dimming effect to be even stronger. For example, the "Dimming Effect" for an object moving away from the observer with the speed 0.1c is 0.904 and for an object moving away from the observer with the speed 0.5c is 0.577. Article also provides the formula for the calculation of "Dimming effect" values using the red-shift parameter Z widely used in astronomy as N/N0=1/(Z+1). If confirmed, the "Dimming effect" must be taken into account in calculations of astronomical "Standard Candles" and in particular in the "Supernova Cosmology Project", which has claimed the acceleration of the Universe's expansion and led to the introduction of dark energy.

Small error—Big confusion: The deep understanding of the Doppler effect

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-421
Author(s):  
Shukri Klinaku
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Effect ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Relative Velocity ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Small Error ◽  
Wave Source ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Doppler Effect

Up to date, physics has neglected the crucial role of the relative velocity in the Doppler Effect. This is a small error in appearance, but it brings big problems to all of physics. Observed frequency is dependent only on the relative velocity between wavefronts and the wave source/observer. This new approach to the Doppler Effect finds application in all kinds of fields, when the source (observer) is moving.

scholarly journals The doppler effect and the speed of light do not change

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
段贤香
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Doppler Effect ◽  
Constant Speed ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Doppler Effect ◽  
Real Universe

The assumption that the speed of light does not change contradicts the doppler effect. In the real universe, the speed of light is not a constant speed between the light source and the observer. The speed of light is relative and time is absolute.

scholarly journals Gravitational Fields and Gravitational Waves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Doppler Effect ◽  
Relative Velocity ◽  
Gravitational Force ◽  
Gravitational Equation ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
Gravitational Fields ◽  
Light Waves ◽  
The Doppler Effect

Abstract For any object with finite velocity, the relative velocity between them will affect the effect between them. This effect can be called the chasing effect (general Doppler effect). LIGO discovered gravitational waves and measured the speed of gravitational waves equal to the speed of light c. Gravitational waves are generated due to the disturbance of the gravitational field, and the gravitational waves will affect the gravitational force on the object. We know that light waves have the Doppler effect, and gravitational waves also have this characteristic. The article studies the following questions around gravitational waves: What is the spatial distribution of gravitational waves? Can the speed of the gravitational wave represent the speed of the gravitational field (the speed of the action of the gravitational field on the object)? What is the speed of the gravitational field? Will gravitational waves caused by the revolution of the sun affect planetary precession? Can we modify Newton’s gravitational equation through the influence of gravitational waves?

ON THE THEORY OF THE DOPPLER EFFECT IN A MOVING MEDIUM

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRUNO BERTOTTI
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Doppler Effect ◽  
Dispersive Medium ◽  
Time Derivative ◽  
Optical Path ◽  
Moving Medium ◽  
Perturbation Theorem ◽  
Hamiltonian Theory ◽  
The Doppler Effect ◽  
Definition Of

The increase in the accuracy of Doppler measurements in space requires a rigorous definition of the observed quantity when the propagation occurs in a moving, and possibly dispersive medium, like the solar wind. This is usually done in two divergent ways: in the phase viewpoint it is the time derivative of the correction to the optical path; in the ray viewpoint the signal is obtained form the deflection produced in the ray. They can be reconciled by using the time derivative of the optical path in the Lagrangian sense, i.e. differentiating from ray to ray. To rigorously derive this result an understanding, through relativistic Hamiltonian theory, of the delicate interplay between rays and phase is required; a general perturbation theorem which generalizes the concept of the Doppler effect as a Lagrangian derivative is proved. Relativistic retardation corrections O(v) are obtained, well within the expected sensitivity of Doppler experiments near solar conjunction.

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