scholarly journals The "Dimming Effect" Produced by the Application of Doppler Effect on the Quantity of Photons Arriving to a Receiver and its Implication to Astronomy (ver. 2)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Zilberman
Keyword(s):  
Dark Energy ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Doppler Effect ◽  
Time Dilation ◽  
Red Shift ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Wave Component ◽  
Shift Parameter ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
The Doppler Effect

This article describes the "Dimming effect" that is produced by the Doppler effect applied to a quantity of individual photons arriving to a receiver from a moving source of light. The corpuscular-wave dualism of light suggests that the well-known Doppler effect, which is currently applied only to the wave component of light, should also be considered for the corpuscular component of light. Application of the Doppler effect on a quantity of photons leads to the "Dimming Effect" - as the faster light source is moving away from observer - the dimmer its brightness appears. While the described dimming effect is negligible for low-speed light sources, it becomes significant for light sources with a velocity comparable to light speed in a vacuum. The relativistic adjustments for time dilation cause the described dimming effect to be even stronger. For example, the "Dimming Effect" for an object moving away from the observer with the speed 0.1c is 0.904 and for an object moving away from the observer with the speed 0.5c is 0.577. Article also provides the formula for the calculation of "Dimming effect" values using the red-shift parameter Z widely used in astronomy as N/N0=1/(Z+1). If confirmed, the "Dimming effect" must be taken into account in calculations of astronomical "Standard Candles" and in particular in the "Supernova Cosmology Project", which has claimed the acceleration of the Universe's expansion and led to the introduction of dark energy.

THE SOLAR AND EXTRAGALACTIC RED SHIFTS

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Gillieson
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Doppler Effect ◽  
Red Shift ◽  
The Doppler Effect ◽  
Peculiar Nature

A photon model is postulated whereby the peculiar nature of the observed solar red shift is explained, and by which the extragalactic red shifts are interpreted as caused not by the Doppler effect, but by interaction and consequent loss of energy of the photon in passing through the inhomogeneities of the gravitational field in space.

scholarly journals Critical Review of Main Cosmogonic Theories

2017 ◽  
pp. 5033-5040
Author(s):  
Dr. Dan Brasoveanu
Keyword(s):  
Infinite Number ◽  
Doppler Effect ◽  
Mass Conservation ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Red Shift ◽  
Field Equations ◽  
Loss Mechanism ◽  
Minute Amount ◽  
Big Bang Theory ◽  
The Doppler Effect

Big Bang theory postulates the red shift of light coming from distant galaxies is caused by the Doppler Effect.  Like Plato’s astronomy, Big Bang theory has to be continuously propped up by countless patches in order to deal with new observations.  Plato’s astronomy required countless epicycles within epicycles.  Big Bang requires patches such as dark energy, dark matter, cosmic inflation, accelerating expansion of the Universe and countless revisions of Hubble’s constant.  In addition, this theory and the fundamental law of mass and energy conservation are mutually exclusive; according to Big Bank all energy and mass appeared suddenly out of nothing.  There are of course Big Bang versions that try not to contradict the conservation law.  Such theories postulate a multi-verse populated by an infinite number of Universes or an infinite number of Universe instances.  In other words, either the most basic law of physics or Occam’s razor must be rejected in the most outrageous manner possible because otherwise the Doppler Effect cannot be used to explain the cosmic red shift.  For these reasons, some astronomers promoted the stationary Universe theory and assumed that photons lose a significant amount of energy while traversing intergalactic distances and therefore suffer a red shift.  This assumption is the basis of all Tired Light theories.  According to Tired Light, photon energy loss is caused by collisions with other objects such as gas molecules or dust.  As a result, this theory was quickly dismissed, because this loss mechanism cannot explain the broadening of supernova spectra, the variable rate of photon frequency decay and the fact that the image of distant objects is not blurred.  Subsequently other versions of Tired Light theories were ignored because supposedly any other loss mechanism is not compatible with GTR field equations.  According to these equations, when the photon structure is ignored, the energy momentum-tensor of a photon moving freely through space is constant.   Experiments with laser beams show this conclusion is not exactly true.  Therefore even free photons actually lose some minute amount of energy.   What physical mechanism may explain this loss?  A simple experiment with a common object will immediately reveal this mechanism.  Internal interactions are the main mechanism responsible for the gradual dampening of spring oscillations and loss of energy, not collisions with other objects.   When damping of photon oscillations caused by internal friction is considered, a new version of Tired Light can be formulated; a version that is validated by all astronomic observations without recourse to any patches and without rejecting the law of energy and mass conservation or Occam’s razor.

Measurement of the relative velocity between an electromagnetic wave and its source/observer using the Doppler effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-443
Author(s):  
Shukri Klinaku ◽  
Naim Syla ◽  
Bashkim Ziberi ◽  
Zeqë Tolaj ◽  
Leutrim Klinaku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Doppler Effect ◽  
Relative Velocity ◽  
Doppler Radar ◽  
Velocity Of Light ◽  
The Doppler Effect

The velocity of light is independent of the velocity of its source/observer. But the relative velocity between light and its source/observers is dependent on the velocity of the light source/observer, and this does not conflict with the first assumption. The velocity of light is <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> </mml:math> everywhere and for everyone, but velocities <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>v</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>c</mml:mi> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mi>v</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , where <mml:math display="inline"> <mml:mi>v</mml:mi> </mml:math> is the velocity of a light source/observer, do not represent the velocity of light, but the relative velocity between light and its source/observer. The velocity of light can, thus, be added to and subtracted from any velocity—giving a measurable relative velocity. A simple and common proof for this is the Doppler effect or the working of the Doppler radar. If there were no relative velocity between the electromagnetic wave and its source/observer, then there would be no Doppler effect nor would the Doppler radar work. In this paper, we will measure experimentally the relative velocity between the electromagnetic wave and the source/observer, using the Doppler effect.

scholarly journals The doppler effect and the speed of light do not change

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
段贤香
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Doppler Effect ◽  
Constant Speed ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Doppler Effect ◽  
Real Universe

The assumption that the speed of light does not change contradicts the doppler effect. In the real universe, the speed of light is not a constant speed between the light source and the observer. The speed of light is relative and time is absolute.

scholarly journals The age of our universe

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 313-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Octave Levenspiel
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Effect ◽  
Red Shift ◽  
The Doppler Effect ◽  
The Universe

If we assume that the observed Redshift of starlight is due to the Doppler effect we end up with models of the universe which contradict the basic laws of science. If we assume that the red shift may be due to a tiring of light, an assumption still to be tested, we end up with no contradiction with the laws of science. You the reader must choose.

The misunderstood Sagnac effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-485
Author(s):  
John-Erik Persson
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Effect ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Red Shift ◽  
Sagnac Effect ◽  
First Order ◽  
Pioneer Anomaly ◽  
The Doppler Effect ◽  
Stellar Aberration

The Sagnac effect of first order (in one-way light) is shown to explain the aberration observed in the very long base interferometry tests. This fact is also consistent with Sagnac’s results and with the observed stellar aberration. The Sagnac effect of second order (in two-way light) is shown to be real, but not observable, in the experiments that were done by Michelson and Morley. However, it is also shown that the same second order effect is observable in the Pioneer anomaly. The Doppler effect of second order is also demonstrated to explain the cosmic red shift, due to a radial ether wind.

Organic Light Emitting Diodes - Innovative Light Sources

2019 ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Sergei A. Stakharny
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Organic Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Organic Leds ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Organic Light ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Physical Principles ◽  
Prospects Of Application

This article is a review of the new light source – organic LEDs having prospects of application in general and special lighting systems. The article describes physical principles of operation of organic LEDs, their advantages and principal differences from conventional non-organic LEDs and other light sources. Also the article devoted to contemporary achievements and prospects of development of this field in the spheres of both general and museum lighting as well as other spheres where properties of organic LEDs as high-quality light sources may be extremely useful.

scholarly journals Analysis on High-Power Seaport LED Luminaire with Uniform Light Distribution Based on Optimized Lens and Heatsink

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4035
Author(s):  
Jinsheon Kim ◽  
Jeungmo Kang ◽  
Woojin Jang
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
High Power ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Light Distribution ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Led Light ◽  
High Power Led ◽  
Distribution Requirement ◽  
Lighting Application

In the case of light-emitting diode (LED) seaport luminaires, they should be designed in consideration of glare, average illuminance, and overall uniformity. Although it is possible to implement light distribution through auxiliary devices such as reflectors, it means increasing the weight and size of the luminaire, which reduces the feasibility. Considering the special environment of seaport luminaires, which are installed at a height of 30 m or more, it is necessary to reduce the weight of the device, facilitate replacement, and secure a light source with a long life. In this paper, an optimized lens design was investigated to provide uniform light distribution to meet the requirement in the seaport lighting application. Four types of lens were designed and fabricated to verify the uniform light distribution requirement for the seaport lighting application. Using numerical analysis, we optimized the lens that provides the required minimum overall uniformity for the seaport lighting application. A theoretical analysis for the heatsink structure and shape were conducted to reduce the heat from the high-power LED light sources up to 250 W. As a result of these analyses on the heat dissipation characteristics of the high-power LED light source used in the LED seaport luminaire, the heatsink with hexagonal-shape fins shows the best heat dissipation effect. Finally, a prototype LED seaport luminaire with an optimized lens and heat sink was fabricated and tested in a real seaport environment. The light distribution characteristics of this prototype LED seaport luminaire were compared with a commercial high-pressure sodium luminaire and metal halide luminaire.

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