Copyright Support Structures

2014 ◽  
pp. 81-93
Keyword(s):  
Copyright Law ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Support Structures ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
New Material ◽  
The Creation

This chapter deals with government and other support structures available to authors internationally and nationally in relation to the enforcement of their copyright and funding. It provides an overview of how the Australian government support structures interact with equivalent global structures and how these mechanisms are utilised to supplement authors’ incomes. These structures rely on the premise that copyright law creates incentives for people to invest their time, talent, and other resources in the creation of new material that benefits society and include government support structures such as grants as well as licensing schemes such as the Copyright Agency Limited (CAL), Public Lending Rights (PLR), and Educational Lending Rights (ELR).

Materials technology: Innovations and progress

Impact ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-53
Author(s):  
Lucy Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Technology Innovations ◽  
Societal Challenges ◽  
New Material ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Novel Applications

Materials technology is a constantly evolving discipline, with new materials leading to novel applications. For example, new material properties arise from combining different materials into composites. Researching materials can help solve societal challenges, with the creation of innovative materials resulting in breakthroughs in overcoming hurdles facing humankind, including energy challenges and medical problems. Innovative materials breathe new life into industries and spur on scientific and technological discovery.

Digital Repatriation

2018 ◽  
pp. 530-552
Author(s):  
Alex Perullo
Keyword(s):  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Local Space ◽  
The Creation

This essay makes two points about digital collections. The first recognizes problems that emerge as archives present indigenous content online. In uploading indigenous songs, speeches, and documents, an archive allows that material to move from a local space with limited access to an international repository with many points of access. This chapter examines conflicts that can occur with this action, including those involving copyright law, fair use, and ethics. A second point of this chapter revolves around technology and repatriation. If repatriation means the return of material to a country of origin, then online archives never fully commit to this task. The material typically remains preserved on servers and in its original forms away from indigenous communities. Despite these ethical, legal, and technological concerns, archives should encourage the creation of digital collections as part of repatriation given the desire by many indigenous communities to preserve and promote their traditions.

Representing and commoning the refugee crisis: The ‘assemblage’ of the Lesvos Migration Atlas

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-42
Author(s):  
Myrto Tsilimpounidi ◽  
Naya Tselepi ◽  
Orestis Pangalos ◽  
Chryssanthi ‘Christy’ Petropoulou
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Representations ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Photographic Material ◽  
New Material ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Collective Process ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Creation

This article uses a critical lens to examine the various representations of the so-called ‘refugee crisis’ in Lesvos, Greece through both the system of the hotspot regime and the performative acts of commoning, defined as the creation of the commons. It also proposes a process of commoning by the creation of an ‘assemblage’ of the Lesvos Migration Atlas. In this manner, the Atlas as an outcome of the research is itself a representation that embraces theory, narratives, practices, and acts; a visual and symbolic tool that provides space for photographic material, videos, artworks, (re)mappings, everyday stories, and reflective texts. At the same time, it is a collective process of capturing, writing and representing, open to new material and scripts – thus a product in a process of becoming. Overall, the online and interactive Lesvos Migration Atlas can well be approached as an ‘assemblage’ that respects the mobility and contingency of the various crises, representations and acts of commoning. In the Atlas, the refugee crisis, the hotspot regime and the common spaces that have been created are brought together through the emergence and critical confrontation of the multiple representations of Lesvos.

Acknowledging Knowledge: Dissemination and Reception of Expertise in Colonial Africa

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitri van den Bersselaar
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Knowledge Dissemination ◽  
Basic Assumptions ◽  
Broad Field ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

At every level, the functioning of African colonial societies depended on the availability and mediation of useful information and knowledge. The majority of the existing literature on “colonial knowledge” focuses on one area of this broad field: the various forms of knowledge about their subjects on which colonial states depended. Most of our attempts to understand such knowledge have tended to analyze colonial knowledge as a system: we have tried to identify which were the sets of shared basic assumptions and rules that governed the creation and presentation of knowledge. In analyzing the processes through which colonial knowledge was produced, we have looked at the role of “Orientalism” and other forms of “Othering.” We have examined various investigative modalities. Finally, we have seen how such knowledge may be compared to a pidgin language that allows for communication between colonizers and representatives of the colonized. We have also examined the opportunities for Africans to manipulate the outcomes of colonial knowledge creation, as well as such basic but essential factors as the realities of government support and funding.

scholarly journals The "Creating Around" Paradox

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Burk
Keyword(s):  
Copyright Law ◽  
The Creation

In his article on Creating Around Copyright, Joseph Fishman argues that the constraints imposed by copyright law promote the creativity of subsequent follow-on authors. He suggests that by limiting creative choices, copyright exclusivity may actually enhances the output of follow-on authors by requiring them to "create around" existing works. Yet embedded in Professor Fishman's theory is a paradox that threatens to disable the putative benefits of creating around. Specifically, the conditions that are necessary for creating around are the same conditions that we would expect to lead to licensing of previously existing works, rather than to the creation of new ones. In other words, it appears that creating around can only occur when we would expect it not to occur. In this essay I illuminate this problem, showing how the logic of Fishman's argument leads inevitably to this paradox, and I offer several suggestions as to how one might escape the creating around paradox.

Photocopying In Australian Libraries Developments In Copyright Law

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Lahore
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
University Libraries ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
High Court ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Balance Of Interest ◽  
Proper Balance

Problems of copyright infringement involved in the extensive and largely uncontrolled use of coin operated photocopying machines in libraries, particularly University libraries, have become the most acute in Australian copyright law at the present time. These problems are not of course unique to Australia, but the recent decision of the High Court in University of New South Wales v Moorhouse and Angus & Robertson (Publishers) Pty Ltd has created a serious and difficult situation for libraries for which a workable solution has not yet been found. In 1974 the Australian government appointed a Committee, known as the Franki Committee, to examine the question of the reprographic reproduction of copyright works in Australia and to recommend any alterations to the copyright law and any other measures considered necessary to effect a proper balance of interest between owners and users of copyright materials in respect of reprographic reproduction. The Committee has not yet made its report and it is not known whether any recommendations will be made which will assist libraries in arriving at a solution to the legal problems now facing them where selfservice coin operated photocopying machines are made available for use by readers.

Copyright Issues Relevant to the Creation of a Digital Archive

2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
June M. Besek
Keyword(s):  
Copyright Law ◽  
Digital Content ◽  
Digital Archive ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Convenient Means ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Long Term Preservation ◽  
Property Regime

The collection and long-term preservation of digital content pose challenges to the intellectual property regime within which libraries and archives are accustomed to working. How to achieve an appropriate balance between copyright owners and users is a topic of ongoing debate in legal and policy circles. This paper describes copyright rights and exceptions and highlights issues potentially involved in the creation of a nonprofit digital archive. The paper is necessarily very general, since many decisions concerning the proposed archive's scope and operation have not yet been made. The purpose of an archive (e.g., to ensure preservation or to provide an easy and convenient means of access), its subject matter, and the manner in which it will acquire copies, as well as who will have access to the archive, from where, and under what conditions, are all factors critical to determining the copyright implications for works to be included in it. The goal of this paper is to provide basic information about the copyright law for those developing such an archive and thereby enable them to recognize areas in which it could impinge on copyright rights and to plan accordingly. After initial decisions have been made, a more detailed analysis will be possible. As the paper indicates, there are a number of areas that would benefit from further research. Such research may not yield definitive legal answers, but could narrow the issues and suggest strategies for proceeding.

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