Innovation immunity of Russian economy

Introduction. The article examines the general immunity of the Russian economy to innovation, which is inherent in it at the present stage. It is caused by a number of macro and microeconomic, as well as institutional factors. This was an important reason that did not allow us to achieve a number of ambitious economic goals set by the country’s leaders. Theoretical analysis. The review of empirical and statistical material confirms the negative trends that exist in Russian economy, associated with a decrease in the innovative activity of enterprises and organizations. Among the macroeconomic factors of innovation immunity of the Russian economy, the following are distinguished: a one-sided developed economic structure with a hypertrophied predominance of raw materials and energy-producing industries with a low added value of the final product; insufficient aggregate demand for innovation on the part of the state, firms and households, as well as the lack of investment resources for enterprises and organizations to implement innovation activities. Microeconomic factors of the Russian economy’s immunity to innovation are: lack of internal sources of financing from enterprises; the high cost of credit resources; lack of tax incentives and the lack of effective state support for innovation, especially at the level of small and medium-sized businesses. support for innovation, especially at the level of small and medium-sized businesses. Results. It is concluded that the support of innovation activity requires the protection of property rights, a fair tax and judicial system, the absence of administrative barriers and excessive regulation, the presumption of innocence of the entrepreneur, and general political and economic stability. At the present stage, it is necessary to develop a unified state strategy for innovative development, focused on increasing labor productivity and achieving sustainable economic growth, support innovation, especially at the level of small and medium-sized enterprises.

The Influence of Public Support for Innovations on the Economic Performance of Enterprises

The paper aims to assess how public support for innovation activities influences the economic performance of Czech companies. In the framework of the research, attention was paid to more than 600 Czech companies that received support to start their innovation activities. The analysis was performed on the case of the Innovation Program, which was co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund. The Innovation Program is the largest Czech program for innovation support and mainly supports the launching of technological innovations in practice. The detailed analysis included 214 defined enterprises, for which all necessary information was available. The research analyzed the turnover of companies before obtaining support and after the implementation of the project. The research results show how the grant affects different size categories of enterprises and how the effect of the aid varies across sectors of the national economy. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Development Status and Countermeasures of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Service Platform in China's Universities

Innovation and entrepreneurship service platforms in colleges and universities bear the dual responsibility of education on and support for innovation and entrepreneurship. However, at present, they are confronted with such problems as insufficient government policy publicity, insignificant transformation effect of scientific research achievements, fragile business environment, and weak financing function. To continue to advance the construction of innovation and entrepreneurship service platform for college students, it is necessary to improve the government environment of those platforms within colleges and universities, build the service platform based on the transformation of teachers’ scientific research achievements, enhance the business environment for college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship, and promote the financing capacity of colleges’ incubators.

Rewards and employee creativity among rural healthcare employees: the mediating role of organizational support for innovation and the moderating impact of supervisory support

Purpose This paper aims to explore the mediating effect of organizational support for innovation and moderating impact of supervisory support on how rewards shape employee creativity among rural healthcare employees, a group with few resources and considerable expectations. Design/methodology/approach Using a regression-based moderated path analysis, the authors tested the hypotheses with healthcare employee survey data from a large Southern rural hospital in the USA. Findings The empirical results suggest organizational support for innovation mediates the influence of rewards on employee creativity. In addition, the indirect effect of rewards on employee creativity via organizational support for innovation is moderated by supervisory support, such that the indirect effect is more pronounced at high levels of supervisory support than at low levels of supervisory support. Originality/value This study contributes to the organizational support and creativity literature by exploring the indirect relations of rewards on employee creativity through organizational support for innovation, and the moderating role of supervisory support in such relations.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY IN POLAND IN THE CONTEXT OF NEW OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION: CONCLUSIONS FOR UKRAINE

In the short term, the measures of the Polish government in the process of European integration proved to be ineffective and did not allow to achieve the goal set by 2002: to strengthen the competitiveness of pharmaceutical companies. The implementation of EU standards and regulations, the adoption of the law on forms of support for innovation have created the basis for the government (co-financed by EU funds) to support research and development and innovation projects and launch the sectoral program InnoNeuroPharm, which, together with tax incentives for research and development and other activities politicians, gave positive impetus to business. With the accession to the EU, Polish pharmaceutical manufacturers have improved their economic results, but still lag far behind German manufacturers, in terms of both technological level and innovation activity, as well as in terms of productivity and wages. The development of the industry is hampered by a number of obstacles: lack of a clear strategy and lack of coordination between concerned authorities; lack of incentives to attract investment; human factor and “industrial corruption”. In the process of European integration, Poland quickly managed to introduce top-down formal institutions, but the transformation of informal institutions continues today. One of the factors that caused falling behind and weak competitiveness of Ukrainian medicines is that European integration processes are aimed primarily at harmonizing the legislative and regulatory framework for pharmaceuticals production, rather than building the potential for endogenous development of the industry. It is noted that only the introduction of a purposeful comprehensive state policy of building "technological champions" in pharmaceuticals based on endogenous innovations can “convert” European integration processes into competitive Ukrainian products and bring them to European markets. It is substantiated that without mental and value changes, transformation of informal institutions and improvement of framework conditions for innovations, the country's benefits from European integration for the development of Ukrainian pharmaceuticals will be limited and unable to reduce the technological and economic gap with European industry leaders.

PHASES OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN AN ENDOGENOUS GROWTH MODEL WITH INNOVATION AND EDUCATION

This paper analyzes the transitional dynamics of an endogenous growth model with physical capital, human capital and R&D in which both human capital and innovation drives long run growth. The model suggests that the developing economy follows different stages of development. The first phase is characterized by physical capital accumulation. At the second stage, human capital accumulation represents the main engine of long run growth. The third phase is identified by an increasing variety of intermediate good originating from innovation. However, innovation is not assured for poor economies. In this case, permanent support for innovation can lead a sustainable exit from poverty trap.