Digital Repatriation

2018 ◽  
pp. 530-552
Author(s):  
Alex Perullo
Keyword(s):  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Local Space ◽  
The Creation

This essay makes two points about digital collections. The first recognizes problems that emerge as archives present indigenous content online. In uploading indigenous songs, speeches, and documents, an archive allows that material to move from a local space with limited access to an international repository with many points of access. This chapter examines conflicts that can occur with this action, including those involving copyright law, fair use, and ethics. A second point of this chapter revolves around technology and repatriation. If repatriation means the return of material to a country of origin, then online archives never fully commit to this task. The material typically remains preserved on servers and in its original forms away from indigenous communities. Despite these ethical, legal, and technological concerns, archives should encourage the creation of digital collections as part of repatriation given the desire by many indigenous communities to preserve and promote their traditions.

scholarly journals Taking Access Seriously

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-269
Author(s):  
BJ Ard
Keyword(s):  
Market Failure ◽  
Distinct Type ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Participatory Culture ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Policy Guidance

Copyright is conventionally understood as serving the dual purposes of providing incentives for the creation of new works and access to the resulting works. In most analysis of copyright, however, creation takes priority. When access is considered, it is often in the context of how access relates back to the creation of new works. Largely missing is an account of the value of access on its own terms. So what is the place of access in copyright law and policy? A set of cases dealing with copyright owners’ attempts to enjoin the markets created by new playback and distribution technologies is instructive. These decisions—where the courts refused to enforce copyright where the owners attempted to shut down a market rather than participate in it—have been criticized for their un- clear policy guidance and lack of doctrinal grounding. We can reconcile these cases with copyright policy by focusing on access. These cases provide rich examples showing how expanded access advances copyright’s higher-order goals of promoting a more democratic and participatory culture. Focusing on access also provides a means for bringing doctrinal coherence to these cases through the fair-use defense. The courts permitted the use of copyrighted works in new markets despite the copyright owners’ objections because these markets could expand public access without diminishing the copyright industries’ creative incentives. Indeed, copyright owners often found the markets profitable after being forced to enter them. Copyright owners’ market refusal in these scenarios is a distinct type of market failure, and fair-use doctrine allows courts to correct it.

Toward the Creation of a New Order for Nigerian Women: Recent Trends in Politics and Policies

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-8
Author(s):  
Simi Afonja
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
New Order ◽  
Access To Resources ◽  
Nigerian Women ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The Creation

Women experience numerous contradictions as they undergo social change. Many have celebrated the autonomy of Nigerian women. Some “got drunk” with the notions of this autonomy. Change created a number of problems that supposed autonomy could not come to grips with. Just a few examples: First, women appeared to contribute more labor to the development process than men, burdening them with physical and time constraints. Second, modernization created new resources and along with them, new kinds of inequalities in access to resources. Specifically, women had much more limited access to resources than men. Consequently, women could not invest resources in the same ways as men.

Transformation of public library websites in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Nove E. Variant Anna
Keyword(s):  
Public Library ◽  
External Information ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chat Reference ◽  
Reference Service ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Portal Website ◽  
Library Websites ◽  
Knowledge Portal

Purpose This paper aims to observe the province’s public library websites in Indonesia and to give some recommendation about knowledge portal website that can support the creation and invention of knowledge. Design/methodology/approach Data and information were gathered by observing library websites at the provincial level to see the digital survey and collection. This survey includes 34 province public library websites in the period from August 1 to 15, 2017. As the survey focuses on the availability of online digital collections, availability of digital services such as the user can have conversation with the librarian through a chat reference service, the availability of trusted external information sources, the availability of user forums for discussion. Findings The result of the research showed that the public library websites in Indonesia are still static (less interactive) and only give standard information about the library services, its operational hours, contact numbers and their collection. According to the result, it is recommended for every public library transforms its website into a knowledge portal website that can give a real and direct effect to the users, especially in the creation of innovation. Originality/value This paper also recommends a framework for a knowledge portal that includes e-resources, user needs, partnership, internet resources, integrated OPAC and collaboration. A survey on a library website is rarely conducted in Indonesia; therefore, this result will be beneficial for developing library websites.

Fair Use of Existing Books

2020 ◽  
pp. 111-124
Author(s):  
Lea Shaver
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Hypothetical Situation ◽  
Popular Belief ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Address Book ◽  
Famous Book ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Broad Interpretation

This chapter analyzes the nuances of the copyright law book, such as translating a book into another language for academic use, adapting a famous book to make it more multicultural, or cheaply photocopying a book to give away to low-income families. Copyright exceptions are sometimes quite specific and clearly defined, while others are open-ended and subject to broad interpretation. It talks about the doctrine of “fair use” in America. Contrary to popular belief, the fact that something is widely done is no assurance that it is legally recognized as fair use. The chapter also provides a hypothetical situation in order to illustrate how the fair use doctrine might apply to a potential non-profit publishing project to address book hunger.

scholarly journals A Pattern-Oriented Approach to Fair Use

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Madison
Keyword(s):  
Social Practices ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Social ◽  
Case Application ◽  
Use Factors ◽  
Oriented Approach

More than 150 years into development of the doctrine of "fair use" in American copyright law, there is no end to legislative, judicial, and academic efforts to rationalize the doctrine. Its codification in the 1976 Copyright Act appears to have contributed to its fragmentation, rather than to its coherence. This Article suggests that fair use is neither badly conceived nor badly applied, but that it is too often badly understood. As did much of copyright law, fair use originated as a judicially-unacknowledged effort via the law to validate certain favored social practices and patterns. In the main, it has continued to be applied as such, though too often courts mask their implicit validation of these patterns in the now-conventional "case-by-case" application of the statutory fair use "factors" to the defendant's use of the copyrighted work in question. A more explicit acknowledgement of the role of these patterns in fair use analysis is consistent with fair use and copyright policy and tradition. Importantly, it helps to bridge the often-difficult conceptual gap between fair use claims asserted by individual defendants and the social implications of accepting or rejecting those claims. Finally, a pattern-oriented approach is normatively appropriate, when viewed in light of recent research by cognitive psychologists and other social scientists on patterns and creativity. In immediate terms, the approach should lead to a more consistent and predictable fair use jurisprudence. In the longer term, it should enhance the ability of copyright law to promote creative expression.

scholarly journals CAREER GUIDANCE FOR REMIGRANTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Oksana Gruznova ◽  
Gunārs Strods
Keyword(s):  
Career Guidance ◽  
Home Country ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Successful Career ◽  
The Creation

People have always looked for the best opportunities for life and for a variety of reasons there has been migration from country to country. The aim of the study is to find out, through questionnaires and interviews, the reasons for people leaving and the creation of support that would encourage returns. 23 respondents were surveyed, who answered 87 questions. Emigrants were interviewed using email lists to find out what people expected from their country, what differences they see in their home country and in their country of origin. The reasons for leaving are mentioned is credit, debt, marriage with foreigner and many other reasons. Career guidance for remigrants have the task to help them to find a job that is consistent with their abilities and interests and helping to build a successful career.

scholarly journals Perpustakaan Digital, Koleksi Digital dan Undang-Undang Hak Cipta

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Siti Wahdah
Keyword(s):  
Fair Use ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Digital Collections ◽  
Regulatory Issues ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Descriptive Approach

Preliminary. Librarians as digital library managers need to pay attention to issues related to digital collections, including legal and regulatory issues related to intellectual property rights or copyrights related to taking and making digital collections and plagiarism.Method. This research is a qualitative type with a descriptive approach. The data was obtained using a literature study technique by searching the latest journal articles and books.Data analysis. By using four stages, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation and the last step is drawing conclusions and verification.Results and Discussion. In connection with the copyright, in accordance with the provisions of the library legislation, in carrying out the task of digitizing the collection, there will be no problem and conflict with the legal provisions of copyright as long as the purpose is only for educational and research purposes, and not for commercial purposes.Conclusion. Libraries as information processing institutions can make institutional regulations to address copyright issues related to legal issues such as regulations: Deposit Trade-Secrecy, Copy Left, Doktrin Fair Use.

A Line of Blood and Dirt

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Hoy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African American ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Coast Salish ◽  
Historical Gis ◽  
Regional Conflicts ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Social Upheaval ◽  
Indigenous Land

This book examines the creation and enforcement of the border between Canada and the United States from 1775 until 1939. Built with Indigenous labor and on top of Indigenous land, the border was born in conflict. Federal administrators used deprivation, starvation, and coercion to displace Indigenous communities and undermine their conceptions of territory and sovereignty. European, African American, Chinese, Cree, Assiniboine, Dakota, Lakota, Nimiipuu, Coast Salish, Ojibwe, and Haudenosaunee communities faced a diversity of border closure experiences and timelines. Unevenness and variation served as hallmarks of the border as federal officials in each country committed to a kind of border power that was diffuse and far-reaching. Utilizing historical GIS, this book showcases how regional conflicts, political reorganization, and social upheaval created the Canada–US border and remade the communities who lived in its shadows.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document