Community-Based Rehabilitation in Hong Kong

2018 ◽  
pp. 294-319
Author(s):  
Kar-wai Tong ◽  
Kenneth N. K. Fong
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
Community Based Rehabilitation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Public Hospital System

Community care is one of the worldwide strategies for governments to manage contemporary healthcare challenges and long-term care. In response to an ageing population, the Hong Kong government has been promoting the concepts of community care and made initiatives, inter alia, in community-based rehabilitation (CBR). Despite these new drives, there is insufficient supply of CBR services. Provisions of CBR are currently fragmented, project-based, or on a self-financed basis. The authors argue that there is a lack of longer-term plan on CBR and that the government still relies on the heavily subsidized public hospital system. In this chapter, the authors share their views on the opportunities and challenges of CBR in Hong Kong.

Community-Based Rehabilitation in Hong Kong

2021 ◽  
pp. 1029-1054
Author(s):  
Kar-wai Tong ◽  
Kenneth N. K. Fong
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
Community Based Rehabilitation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Public Hospital System

Community care is one of the worldwide strategies for governments to manage contemporary healthcare challenges and long-term care. In response to an ageing population, the Hong Kong government has been promoting the concepts of community care and made initiatives, inter alia, in community-based rehabilitation (CBR). Despite these new drives, there is insufficient supply of CBR services. Provisions of CBR are currently fragmented, project-based, or on a self-financed basis. The authors argue that there is a lack of longer-term plan on CBR and that the government still relies on the heavily subsidized public hospital system. In this chapter, the authors share their views on the opportunities and challenges of CBR in Hong Kong.

scholarly journals Long-term care of the elderly: Current status, policies and dilemmas

Stanovnistvo ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Matkovic
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Cash Benefits ◽  
The Government

In Serbia, the long-term care as a system does not actually exist. One part of the system is regulated through cash benefits, one part through institutional social care and community-based social services, and one part is just being established under the health care system. The linkages among these segments are not strong and there is insufficient awareness of the need to regard the different parts of the system as being interdependent and interconnected. According to the different surveys, home care is needed for the daily functioning of more than 80,000 elderly people, especially for around 27,000 of those who are completely immobile. More than 300 thousand elderly persons have indicated that they are in need of some type of self-care support. By tradition, elderly people in Serbia rely primarily on family support. Some are getting the state support as well. Research shows that 62 thousand elderly persons (5 percent) receive attendance allowance; 9,000 elderly are accommodated in institutions (0.7 percent), while 11.7 thousand (1 percent) persons received some type of support through home care community based services. In addition, in Belgrade there are also 2,000 elderly who are beneficiaries of medical and palliative care at home. The government expenditures for these purposes can be very roughly estimated at 0.55 percent of GDP, largely for cash benefits (0.37 percent). Considered over a medium and longer term, the government expenditures on longterm care in Serbia will inevitably increase significantly, primarily due to an increase in the number and share of elderly people and the increase in additional life years spent in ill health or in need of assistance. An increase in the expenditures will also be influenced by a change in the family models and the increasing number of elderly that will be living alone, as well as the diminishing possibilities for reliance on the closest family members, especially due to emigration flows both at local and national levels. Finally, it is important not to neglect the effect of emulating more developed countries, as well as the EU?s pressure to adequately respond to the needs of the elderly. Therefore, the state and society must promptly prepare a systematic, comprehensive, timely and fiscally responsible response. This response must recognize the capacities of all stakeholders, from family to state and non-state and match the capacities with the appropriate roles in the system of long-term care provision.

Quality of life of patients residing in long-term care psychiatric community settings

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 584-584
Author(s):  
M. Stinga ◽  
E. Moti ◽  
E. Papageorgiou ◽  
T. Ioannou ◽  
V. Paraskevopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Residential Home ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Community Based Rehabilitation ◽  
Sf 36

IntroductionIn the context of psychiatric reformation, the long-term mentally ill have moved from institutionalized care to outpatient-based mental health services and community-based rehabilitation settings.ObjectiveQuality of Life (QoL) constitutes a critical outcome of mental health programs and services and is a multidimensional subjective construct.AimExploring the perceived QoL of long-term psychiatric residents and, identifying possible associations between sociodemographic variables, psychiatric history, cognitive function (MMSE), physical comorbidity and type of residential care.Method104 patients residing for over six months, to community based rehabilitation settings subjected to the PHPO (5 sheltered apartments, 7 hostels, 2 boarding houses) were encountered. QoL of participants was assessed using the self-fulfilling, 36 item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) at a given point of time.ResultsThe majority of the residents expressed good levels of satisfaction in all subscales of the SF-36, with mean values of Physical Component Summary (PCS): 34.90 ± 13.92 (range: 0–50) and Mental Component Summary (MCS): 67.89 ± 20.09 (range: 25-100). Statistical significant differences were recorded concerning the PCS and age (p = 0.000), MMSE scores (p = 0.000), educational level (p = 0.017), marital status (p = 0.049) and type of residential home (p = 0.012). MCS was statistically significant associated with age (p = 0.032), MMSE scores (p = 0.007), socioeconomic status (p = 0.008) and type of residential home, too (p = 0.040). No differences were found concerning psychiatric diagnosis or physical comorbidity.ConclusionsCommunity care models provide subjective positive life satisfactions to the majority of the chronically mentally ill. Thus, besides the care giver's management, independent variables play an important role to perceived QoL.

scholarly journals Geriatrics Perspectives From Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 385-385
Author(s):  
Satoru Mochizuki ◽  
Masahiro Akishita
Keyword(s):  
Community Care ◽  
Geriatric Medicine ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Emerging Issues ◽  
The Government ◽  
Care System

Abstract In 2025, Japan’s baby boomers will cross the threshold of 75 years of age; a phenomenon that has been referred to as “the 2025 crisis”, resulting in a significant burden on the healthcare system. To address this issue, the Japanese government is establishing the Integrated Community Care System, to provide comprehensive medical and long-term care services in each community. In cooperation with government and affiliated organizations, the Japan Geriatrics Society (JGS) has been working to develop the Integrated Community Care System. As a result of this effort, geriatric medicine is being integrated into the health care system through incentives for practitioners. For instance, medical facilities can be reimbursed if they perform comprehensive geriatric assessments (CGA) and CGA-based management/care. Additionally, home care medicine and polypharmacy are emerging issues of interest to the government. In this symposium, I will discuss how JGS has been trying to achieve “Aging in Place” in Japan.

scholarly journals Changes in home care clients’ characteristics and home care in five European countries from 2001 to 2014: comparison based on InterRAI - Home Care data

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Kristinsdottir ◽  
P. V. Jonsson ◽  
I. Hjaltadottir ◽  
K. Bjornsdottir
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Older People ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Cognitive Performance Scale ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
The Government

Abstract Background Policymakers advocate extended residence in private homes as people age, rather than relocation to long-term care facilities. Consequently, it is expected that older people living in their own homes will be frailer and have more complex health problems over time. Therefore, community care for aging people is becoming increasingly important to facilitate prevention of decline in physical and cognitive abilities and unnecessary hospital admission and transfer to a nursing home. The aim of this study was to examine changes in the characteristic of home care clients and home care provided in five European countries between 2001 and 2014 and to explore whether home care clients who are most in need of care receive the care required. Methods This descriptive study used data from two European research projects, Aged in Home Care (AdHOC; 2001–2002) and Identifying best practices for care-dependent elderly by Benchmarking Costs and outcomes of Community Care (IBenC; 2014–2016). In both projects, the InterRAI-Home Care assessment tool was used to assess a random sample of home care clients 65 years and older in five European countries. These data facilitate a comparison of physical and cognitive health and the provided home care between countries and study periods. Results In most participating countries, both cognitive (measured on the Cognitive Performance Scale) and functional ability (measured on the Activities of Daily Living Hierarchy scale) of home care clients deteriorated over a 10-year period. Home care provided increased between the studies. Home care clients who scored high on the physical and cognitive scales also received home care for a significantly higher duration than those who scored low. Conclusion Older people in several European countries remain living in their own homes despite deteriorating physical and cognitive skills. Home care services to this group have increased. This indicates that the government policy of long-term residence at own home among older people, even in increased frailty, has been realised.

scholarly journals Trends in Prevalence and Mortality of Dementia in Elderly Hong Kong Population: Projections, Disease Burden, and Implications for Long-Term Care

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruby Yu ◽  
Pui Hing Chau ◽  
Sarah M. McGhee ◽  
Wai Ling Cheung ◽  
Kam Che Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Older People ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Term Care ◽  
People With Dementia

Background. We describe the trends in prevalence and mortality of dementia among older people in Hong Kong over time. Projections of the number of older people with dementia through 2039 and estimation of the disease burden are also included.Methods. Prevalence data were extracted from previous studies in Hong Kong. Mortality data were obtained from the Department of Health of Hong Kong. Projections of the number of people with dementia were calculated by applying the prevalence rates of dementia obtained from previous studies to Hong Kong population projections. The burden of dementia was measured by Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs).Results. The number of people aged 60 and above with dementia is projected to increase by 222%, from 103,433 in 2009 to 332,688 in 2039, with a large proportion of those living in institutions. The number of deaths due to dementia among people aged 60 and above has more than doubled between 2001 and 2009. Mortality rates for dementia have also risen. In 2006, about 286,313 DALYS were lost due to dementia.Conclusions. The information presented may be used to formulate a long-term care strategy for dementia of the ageing population in Hong Kong.

scholarly journals Transition of Hospital Acute-Centric to Long Term Care in An Ageing Population in Hong Kong - Is it an issue of service gap?

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommy K. C. Ng ◽  
Ben Y.F Fong ◽  
Catherine K. Y Kwong
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government ◽  
Service Gap

Health expenditure at around 5.7% GDP is low for a developed society like Hong Kong, which is unique in having a dual track of public and private services in its health care system. Such phenomenon has been steady over the last three decades, apparently not affected at all by a major change in the Government in 1997. The public and private sections have equal share of the total health dollars consistently over the years, despite the increase of Government’s annual spending from 11% to 17% since 1990, implying a similar trend in the private sector, which is funded predominantly by out of the pocket expenses with some insurance contribution. However, Hong Kong has the longest life expectancy in the world. This has resulted in the increase in the demand for health and long-term care, casting doubt on whether the traditional model of financing and delivery of care will be sustainable. The Government has pledged that that no one is denied adequate medical treatment due to lack of means, a stance in existence for decades and being reflected by the steady state of public and private share of health expenditure. Apart from two major re-structuring of the governance system, there has been little change in the service provision organisations. The system is often criticized for being heavily hospital based and acute-centric, particularly in the public services. Primary care is taken up predominantly by the private sector, mostly in clinical services, not focusing on prevention. It is apparent that there is a significant service gap, that needs to be examined and addressed systematically before a practical solution can be formulated. A more holistic, humanistic and better integrated system of care, with innovative care patterns, shall be the way forward.

scholarly journals Workforce issues in home‐ and community‐based long‐term care in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 746-755
Author(s):  
Eva Maria Gruber ◽  
Silvana Zeiser ◽  
Dorit Schröder ◽  
Andreas Büscher
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Care ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Workforce Issues
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document