scholarly journals Research Methods and Tools

2017 ◽  
pp. 22-37
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Target Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Farm Families ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Measurement And Analysis ◽  
Hand Evaluation ◽  
Adaptation Practice

This chapter details the research methods for assessing climate change adaptation among farm families. The methods cover two types of procedures: benchmarking and evaluation. The authors define benchmarking as the documentation, measurement and analysis of current adaptation practice in any given target group, organization or community for purposes of comparison, internal or external, to a given standard, de facto or otherwise. Benchmarking is not done within the bounds of project parameters (i.e., time and resources) and project-determined outcomes. On the other hand, evaluation refers to baseline, mid-term, final and ex-post measurements of adaptation practice vis a vis given interventions. Evaluation is conducted within set project parameters and project-determined outcomes.

scholarly journals Migration among Farmers in Delta State, Nigeria: Is it a Climate Change Adaptation Strategy?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Ofuoku ◽  
Davina Okompu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
Farm Families ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Coping Capacity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Farming Households

Abstract Objective: The study has the purpose of evaluating the nexus between climate change and migration of farmers in Delta State, Nigeria. The influence exerted by cognitive situations and climate – driven stress on farmers’ decisions to migrate and the socioeconomic attributes of migrating and non-migrating farm families are examined. The emphasis is the function of migration in accessing climate and agricultural extension services as well as the contribution made by migration to promote farmers’ climate change coping capacity.Methodology: Survey was articulated using farming households in three agricultural zones of Delta State, Nigeria. Perceptions of farmers about alterations in climate were examined with the use of mental map technique. Binary logistic regression model was applied to assess the function of socioeconomic attributes of farm families while descriptive statistics was employed in evaluating the adaptive capacities of the migrating farming households.Findings: Climate – driven livelihood variables form part of the main propellers of migration among farmers. Migration as well as the socioeconomic attributes are influenced by perception of farmers about climate change. These appears significant difference between migrating and non-migrating farm families with respect to utilization of information, technology and knowledge emanating from agricultural and climate extension services. The gains from remittances, knowledge and social networks from host communities or zones raises migrating farm families capacity to adapt to climate change.Theoretical Implications: This paper contributes to the progressively dynamic body of knowledge by pointing out migration as an alternative climate change adaptation strategy to promote agriculture food security in any part of the world.Originality/Value: Micro – evidence is offered by this study with respect to contribution made by migration to adaptive capacity of farmers and their ability to have access to agricultural and climate extension services. This will be useful in the analysis of climate – driven migration in other nations that are agricultural economies. Insight is also offered regarding policy needs for the scaling down of farmers’ vulnerability to climate change.

scholarly journals Universal Metrics for Climate Change Adaptation Finance? A Cautionary Tale

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9428
Author(s):  
Andrea Klonschinski
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Allocation Process ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Equity And Efficiency

Climate change adaptation is receiving ever more attention in the literature and in practice. Since available funds are not meeting adaptation needs, the question of how to allocate scarce resources becomes pressing. Universal adaptation metrics promise to facilitate the allocation process ex ante and the evaluation of projects ex post. Two such metrics have been proposed recently: Saved Wealth (SW), measured in terms of money, and Saved Health (SH), gauged in terms of disability adjusted life-years (DALYs). The paper analyzes this SWSH approach and shows that it is replete with unresolved conceptual and normative-ethical problems, which are exemplary for universal metrics seeking to combine concerns for equity and efficiency at once. The paper’s aim is to uncover these issues, and its conclusion is modest: universal metrics such as SW and the DALY have to be designed and used with great caution and further research is necessary.

Hidden “holes” in the capital of banks and the supply of credit to the real sector of economy

2018 ◽  
pp. 49-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Mamonov
Keyword(s):  
Credit Risk ◽  
The Other ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Capital Management ◽  
Loan Loss ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Real ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
The One

Our analysis documents that the existence of hidden “holes” in the capital of not yet failed banks - while creating intertemporal pressure on the actual level of capital - leads to changing of maturity of loans supplied rather than to contracting of their volume. Long-term loans decrease, whereas short-term loans rise - and, what is most remarkably, by approximately the same amounts. Standardly, the higher the maturity of loans the higher the credit risk and, thus, the more loan loss reserves (LLP) banks are forced to create, increasing the pressure on capital. Banks that already hide “holes” in the capital, but have not yet faced with license withdrawal, must possess strong incentives to shorten the maturity of supplied loans. On the one hand, it raises the turnovers of LLP and facilitates the flexibility of capital management; on the other hand, it allows increasing the speed of shifting of attracted deposits to loans to related parties in domestic or foreign jurisdictions. This enlarges the potential size of ex post revealed “hole” in the capital and, therefore, allows us to assume that not every loan might be viewed as a good for the economy: excessive short-term and insufficient long-term loans can produce the source for future losses.

An Economic Assessment on Prioritizing Climate Change Adaptation Policies in Water Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-198
Author(s):  
Yongjoon Kim ◽  
Sung-Eun Yoo ◽  
Ji Won Bang ◽  
Kwansoo Kim ◽  
Donghwan An
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Adaptation Policies
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