Teenage Pregnancy

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Sandra E Handwerk ◽  
Katherine Handwerk
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnancy Prevention ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Healthcare Leadership ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Leadership Context ◽  
Behavior Change Theories ◽  
Current Behavior

This chapter discusses the role of healthcare leaders in reducing teenage pregnancy and in determining the scope and depth of teenage pregnancy in a community. The chapter examines current behavior change theories and the importance of using evidence-based programming to increase the success of teenage pregnancy prevention programs. The chapter will create the foundation for change and through interface with other chapters will provide a comprehensive picture of teenage pregnancy within a healthcare leadership context.

scholarly journals Behavior Change Theories: a New Medical Education Paradigm?

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Essado Rios
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Motivation To Change ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Behavior Change Theories

Abstract: A critical perspective on the importance of evidence-based behavior change theories for medical education is presented. Numerous theoretical models have been proposed to explain behavior changes, with two theories currently emerging as a new paradigm, namely the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) and the Prime Theory of Motivation. Behind this is the fact that these theories were proposed based on comprehensive literature review about explanatory models of behavioral changes, in addition to consensus among experts. The basic principle is that any change in behavior necessarily involves three interrelated aspects: capability, opportunity, and motivation. In the present essay, these theories were addressed with a view to problems involving behaviors in medical education, and emphasis on the problem of obsolete teaching practices in the training of health professionals. Assuming that good teachers have a global view of the teaching profession, and not merely of their specialty, interventions to change outdated teaching performances among health educators should start by understanding their motivation to change. It is also necessary to investigate their knowledge and skills about innovative teaching-learning methods (capability), as well as whether the environment supports methodological diversification and innovation (opportunity). In summary, evidence-based behavior change theories may represent a new paradigm for medical education when the goal involves overcoming behavioral problems.

scholarly journals Improving Healthcare Worker Hand Hygiene Compliance: The Role of Behavior Change Theories

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Corace ◽  
Jeffrey Smith ◽  
Tara Macdonald ◽  
Leandre Fabrigar ◽  
Andrea Chambers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Healthcare Worker ◽  
Hand Hygiene Compliance ◽  
Hygiene Compliance ◽  
Behavior Change Theories

scholarly journals Learning from the COVID-19 pandemic to combat climate change: comparing drivers of individual action in global crises

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijn H. C. Meijers ◽  
Christin Scholz ◽  
Ragnheiður “Heather” Torfadóttir ◽  
Anke Wonneberger ◽  
Marko Markov
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Governmental Policy ◽  
Personal Threat ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Policy Perceptions ◽  
Behavior Change Theories

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic and climate change are two global crises that require collective action. Yet, the inertia typically associated with behavior change to limit climate change stands in contrast to the speed associated with behavior change to stop the spread of COVID-19. Identifying the roots of these differences can help us stimulate climate-friendly behaviors. We assessed the extent to which a number of theory-based drivers underlie behaviors aiming to counter COVID-19 and climate change with an online survey (N = 534). We focused on the role of a number of drivers derived from prominent behavior change theories and meta-analyses in the field, namely, personal threat, threat to close others, threat to vulnerable others, fear, participative efficacy, injunctive and descriptive social norms, and governmental policy perceptions. We investigated (1) what drivers people perceived as most important to engage in behaviors that limit the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change and (2) the strength of the associations between these drivers and engaging in behaviors that limit the spread of the pandemic and climate change. Results highlight three key drivers for climate change action: changing perceptions of governmental policy and perceptions of threat to close others and priming participative efficacy beliefs.

Self-Regulatory Aspects of Bullshitting and Bullshit Detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-253
Author(s):  
John V. Petrocelli ◽  
Haley F. Watson ◽  
Edward R. Hirt
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based ◽  
Regulatory Aspects

Abstract. Two experiments investigate the role of self-regulatory resources in bullshitting behavior (i.e., communicating with little to no regard for evidence, established knowledge, or truth; Frankfurt, 1986 ; Petrocelli, 2018a ), and receptivity and sensitivity to bullshit. It is hypothesized that evidence-based communication and bullshit detection require motivation and considerably greater self-regulatory resources relative to bullshitting and insensitivity to bullshit. In Experiment 1 ( N = 210) and Experiment 2 ( N = 214), participants refrained from bullshitting only when they possessed adequate self-regulatory resources and expected to be held accountable for their communicative contributions. Results of both experiments also suggest that people are more receptive to bullshit, and less sensitive to detecting bullshit, under conditions in which they possess relatively few self-regulatory resources.

Health research capacity in Nepal: Analysis of the trend and the role of local researchers

2021 ◽  
pp. 004947552098277
Author(s):  
Madhu Kharel ◽  
Alpha Pokharel ◽  
Krishna P Sapkota ◽  
Prasant V Shahi ◽  
Pratisha Shakya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Research ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Evidence Based Decision Making

Evidence-based decision-making is less common in low- and middle-income countries where the research capacity remains low. Nepal, a lower-middle-income country in Asia, is not an exception. We conducted a rapid review to identify the trend of health research in Nepal and found more than seven-fold increase in the number of published health-related articles between 2000 and 2018. The proportion of articles with Nepalese researchers as the first authors has also risen over the years, though they are still only in two-thirds of the articles in 2018.

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