scholarly journals Learning from the COVID-19 pandemic to combat climate change: comparing drivers of individual action in global crises

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijn H. C. Meijers ◽  
Christin Scholz ◽  
Ragnheiður “Heather” Torfadóttir ◽  
Anke Wonneberger ◽  
Marko Markov
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Governmental Policy ◽  
Personal Threat ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Policy Perceptions ◽  
Behavior Change Theories

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic and climate change are two global crises that require collective action. Yet, the inertia typically associated with behavior change to limit climate change stands in contrast to the speed associated with behavior change to stop the spread of COVID-19. Identifying the roots of these differences can help us stimulate climate-friendly behaviors. We assessed the extent to which a number of theory-based drivers underlie behaviors aiming to counter COVID-19 and climate change with an online survey (N = 534). We focused on the role of a number of drivers derived from prominent behavior change theories and meta-analyses in the field, namely, personal threat, threat to close others, threat to vulnerable others, fear, participative efficacy, injunctive and descriptive social norms, and governmental policy perceptions. We investigated (1) what drivers people perceived as most important to engage in behaviors that limit the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change and (2) the strength of the associations between these drivers and engaging in behaviors that limit the spread of the pandemic and climate change. Results highlight three key drivers for climate change action: changing perceptions of governmental policy and perceptions of threat to close others and priming participative efficacy beliefs.

scholarly journals Improving Healthcare Worker Hand Hygiene Compliance: The Role of Behavior Change Theories

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Corace ◽  
Jeffrey Smith ◽  
Tara Macdonald ◽  
Leandre Fabrigar ◽  
Andrea Chambers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Healthcare Worker ◽  
Hand Hygiene Compliance ◽  
Hygiene Compliance ◽  
Behavior Change Theories

scholarly journals Overestimating one’s ‘green’ behavior: Better-than-average bias may function to reduce perceived personal threat from climate change

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe Leviston ◽  
Hannah Velure Uren
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Average Effect ◽  
Environmental Behaviour ◽  
Personal Threat ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Environmental Behaviours ◽  
Better Than

The actions of others, and what others approve of, can be a powerful tool for promoting pro-environmental behaviour. A potential barrier to the utility of social norms however are cognitive biases in how we perceive others, including the better-than-average effect. This effect describes the tendency for people to think they are exceptional, especially when compared with their peers. In order to investigate the role of the better-than-average effect in the context of climate-relevant pro-environmental behaviour, we administered questions as part of a larger online survey of 5,219 nationally representative Australians. Participants were asked to report whether they engaged in a list of 21 pro-environmental behaviours, and then asked to estimate how their engagement compared with the average Australian. Over half of our participants ‘self-enhanced’; they overestimated their engagement in pro-environmental behaviours relative to others. ‘Self-enhancement’ was related to reduced perceptions of personal harm from climate change, more favourable assessments of coping ability, less guilt, and lower moral and ethical duty to take action to prevent climate change. These relationships held when participants sceptical about anthropogenic climate change were removed from analyses. We discuss the implications of the findings for the use of social norms in promoting pro-environmental behaviour.

scholarly journals The Role of Risk Tolerance in Publics’ Health Risk Perception and Responses

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2019) ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Hyoyeun Jun ◽  
Yen-I Lee
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
Temporal Distance ◽  
Health Risk Perception

To better understand how uncertainty influences publics’ risk perception and responses, this study introduced risk tolerance as a new concept to public relations literature and then investigated how publics react to health risks with different temporal distances: climate change and foodborne illness. Through an online survey, this study found out that uncertainty, induced by risk temporal distance, leads to varied risk tolerance, which subsequently influences where and how people seek and share risk information.

scholarly journals The Role of Risk Tolerance in Publics’ Health Risk Perception and Responses

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2019) ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Hyoyeun Jun ◽  
Yen-I Lee
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Risk Tolerance ◽  
Foodborne Illness ◽  
Temporal Distance ◽  
Health Risk Perception

To better understand how uncertainty influences publics’ risk perception and responses, this study introduced risk tolerance as a new concept to public relations literature and then investigated how publics react to health risks with different temporal distances: climate change and foodborne illness. Through an online survey, this study found out that uncertainty, induced by risk temporal distance, leads to varied risk tolerance, which subsequently influences where and how people seek and share risk information.

Industry: Turning the Titanic

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-154
Author(s):  
Deborah Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies

Chapter 5 examines the structure and role of the oil industry and details the various actors that make up the industry. It argues that self-reported greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are not comprehensive or trustworthy. There are too many ways that companies can game emissions reports. Different companies are surveyed to separate the leaders from the laggards. The investigation reaches beyond multinational and national oil and gas companies and touches upon industry actors in the wings: investors, industry advisers, traders, and certification agents. Efforts to establish industry benchmarks are laid out. The chapter recommends rethinking self-regulation and concludes with a challenging premise about whether the goal is to defeat or partner with the oil and gas industry to effectively combat climate change.

Teenage Pregnancy

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Sandra E Handwerk ◽  
Katherine Handwerk
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnancy Prevention ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Healthcare Leadership ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Leadership Context ◽  
Behavior Change Theories ◽  
Current Behavior

This chapter discusses the role of healthcare leaders in reducing teenage pregnancy and in determining the scope and depth of teenage pregnancy in a community. The chapter examines current behavior change theories and the importance of using evidence-based programming to increase the success of teenage pregnancy prevention programs. The chapter will create the foundation for change and through interface with other chapters will provide a comprehensive picture of teenage pregnancy within a healthcare leadership context.

scholarly journals The Role of Local Government in the Drive for Sustainable Development Public Policies. An Analytical Framework Based on Institutional Capacities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5978
Author(s):  
Miquel Salvador ◽  
David Sancho
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
City Council ◽  
Combat Climate Change

The role of local governments in promoting policies to combat climate change is critical. In order to play this role, local administrations must have different capacities that allow them to analyze, manage and transform their environment through public policies. This article aims to contribute to the academic debate on the role of local governments in the articulation of climate change policies and sustainable development. The proposal combines a conceptual and analytical contribution, which is illustrated by means of a case study analysis. At the conceptual and analytical level, the article proposes a review of the contributions from the perspective of public policies and organizational management models in order to introduce an analytical framework based on four capacities: strategic, analytical, managerial and collaborative. This framework is developed based on the design of a strategy to measure the existence of these capabilities in a given local government by means of specific indicators. This analytical framework is applied through a case study of Barcelona City Council and its policies to combat climate change and promote sustainable development. The results of the analysis highlight the importance of the combined action of the four management capacities mentioned as a precondition for the articulation of this type of policies at the local government level.

scholarly journals Effects of Forestry on Carbon Emissions in China: Evidence From a Dynamic Spatial Durbin Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaijun Li ◽  
Zouheir Mighri ◽  
Suleman Sarwar ◽  
Chen Wei
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Pollution Reduction ◽  
Spatial Durbin Model ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
Total Forest Area ◽  
Good Policy ◽  
Combat Climate Change ◽  
Dynamic Spatial Durbin Model

Research has proved the significance of forests in controlling carbon emissions, however, our research sheds light on the management of existing forests to combat climate change. To examine the role of forestation and forest investment activities, dynamic spatial techniques are used for 30 provinces of China. The results suggest that forest investment and management not only reduce carbon locally but also in neighboring provinces. Furthermore, the findings of the current study confirmed that forest investment is the most viable practice to control carbon emissions in China instead of just increasing total forest area. Reforms regarding the management of forests would be a good policy for both pollution reduction and employment generation.

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