Gender Issues in HCI Design for Web Access

2008 ◽  
pp. 3203-3216
Author(s):  
Stefania Boiano ◽  
Ann Borda ◽  
Jonathan P. Bowen ◽  
Xristine Faulkner ◽  
Giuliano Gaia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
General View ◽  
Home Pages ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Web Access ◽  
Design Case ◽  
Different Levels

We consider the design and provision of Web sites, with respect to gender issues, from various perspectives. A general view of the field is given, and educational issues are specifically considered in relation to gender differences in the use of IT as an effective educational aid, especially by children. Human-computer interaction (HCI) models at different levels of abstraction are presented, together with how gender issues could impinge at each of these levels. A number of examples, both from the commercial and cultural fields, are discussed as design case studies of home pages for Web sites that exhibit gender-related orientation. Finally, looking to the future, online gaming is discussed in the context of usage. It is hoped that the guidance provided here will help minimize any gender discrimination on Web sites with respect to their interfaces, increasing general accessibility in the process.

Gender Issues in HCI Design for Web Access

2007 ◽  
pp. 116-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Boiano ◽  
Ann Borda ◽  
Jonathan Bowen ◽  
Xristine Faulkner ◽  
Giuliano Gaia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
General View ◽  
Home Pages ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Web Access ◽  
Design Case ◽  
Different Levels

We consider the design and provision of Web sites, with respect to gender issues, from various perspectives. A general view of the field is given, and educational issues are specifically considered in relation to gender differences in the use of IT as an effective educational aid, especially by children. Human-computer interaction (HCI) models at different levels of abstraction are presented, together with how gender issues could impinge at each of these levels. A number of examples, both from the commercial and cultural fields, are discussed as design case studies of home pages for Web sites that exhibit gender-related orientation. Finally, looking to the future, online gaming is discussed in the context of usage. It is hoped that the guidance provided here will help minimize any gender discrimination on Web sites with respect to their interfaces, increasing general accessibility in the process.

Brand Engagement and Brand Loyalty

2012 ◽  
pp. 121-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald E. Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Brand Loyalty ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Brand Engagement ◽  
Emotional Loyalty ◽  
A Company ◽  
Different Levels

Marketers value and seek brand loyalty. Consequently, they have developed a variety of strategies to encourage both behavioral (repeat purchase) and attitudinal (emotional) loyalty among customers. A recent concept has emerged related to the latter goal: brand engagement. Although marketers give a variety of definitions for brand engagement, the essential concept is an emotional attachment to a brand as though the customer has an emotional relationship with it perhaps because the brand acts as an important reflection of self-identity or is an important symbol of something meaningful to the consumer. Consumers manifest different types of engagement (with advertising, media, web sites, a company, as well as specific brands). Engagement is also conceptualized at different levels of abstraction: engagement with the marketplace, engagement with a product category, engagement with a specific brand, and brand engagement in self-concept, which refers to differences in how much consumer use brands in general to represent themselves to others. This chapter discusses these issues in some detail and presents theoretical, managerial, and theoretical implications of this concept.

scholarly journals Model-Driven Architectural Framework towards Safe and Secure Nuclear Power Reactors

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5136
Author(s):  
Bassem Ouni ◽  
Christophe Aussagues ◽  
Saadia Dhouib ◽  
Chokri Mraidha
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Nuclear Reactors ◽  
System Development ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Case System ◽  
Architectural Framework ◽  
Performance Check ◽  
High Level ◽  
Different Levels

Sensor-based digital systems for Instrumentation and Control (I&C) of nuclear reactors are quite complex in terms of architecture and functionalities. A high-level framework is highly required to pre-evaluate the system’s performance, check the consistency between different levels of abstraction and address the concerns of various stakeholders. In this work, we integrate the development process of I&C systems and the involvement of stakeholders within a model-driven methodology. The proposed approach introduces a new architectural framework that defines various concepts, allowing system implementations and encompassing different development phases, all actors, and system concerns. In addition, we define a new I&C Modeling Language (ICML) and a set of methodological rules needed to build different architectural framework views. To illustrate this methodology, we extend the specific use of an open-source system engineering tool, named Eclipse Papyrus, to carry out many automation and verification steps at different levels of abstraction. The architectural framework modeling capabilities will be validated using a realistic use case system for the protection of nuclear reactors. The proposed framework is able to reduce the overall system development cost by improving links between different specification tasks and providing a high abstraction level of system components.

Older Adults’ Constraints to Participation in Structured Exercise Classes

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane E. Whaley ◽  
Vicki Ebbeck
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Program Planning ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
Feminist Perspective ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Exercise Classes

This study used a qualitative, feminist perspective to examine issues pertaining to exercise constraints among older adults. Participants were 8 male and 9 female older adults (mean age = 76.7) who chose not to engage in structured exercise classes. Twenty-six self-identified constraints were elicited (mean = four per person). Additionally, four constraints per person from previous research were selected. The most frequently cited self-reported constraints were “get enough exercise elsewhere,” health-related items, and issues related to time. From the constraints most frequently cited in past studies, inconvenience, time, and type of activity were selected most often. Gender differences were apparent in the constraints chosen as well as reasons why a particular constraint inhibited or prohibited activity. Specific suggestions for strategies included having programs with a purpose, building in flexibility, and encouraging men to participate. The influence of gender is explored, especially how expanding our understanding of gender issues might improve program planning.

scholarly journals Do gender differences in career aspirations contribute to sticky floors?

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 580-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Deschacht ◽  
Ann-Sophie De Pauw ◽  
Stijn Baert
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Career Decisions ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Employee Preferences ◽  
Job Offers ◽  
Female Professionals ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to test hypotheses regarding the importance of employee preferences in explaining sticky floors, the pattern that women are, compared to men, less likely to start to climb the job ladder. Design/methodology/approach The authors use original data obtained using a survey and a vignette study in which participants had to score the likeliness with which they would accept job offers with different promotion characteristics. Findings The main findings are that young female professionals have a less pronounced preference for more demanding and less routinary jobs and that this effect is mediated by the greater risk aversion and anticipated gender discrimination among women. No gender differences were found in the relative likeliness to apply for jobs that involve a promotion in terms of job authority. Research limitations/implications The vignette method assumes that artificial settings with low stakes do not bias results. Another limitation follows from the focus on inter-organizational promotions among young professionals, which raises the question to what extent the results can be generalized to broader settings. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature on gender differences in careers by measuring the impact of employee preferences on gender differences in career decisions.

Moral und Hypermoral

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold Gehlen
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Philosophical Anthropology ◽  
The State ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Broad Scope ◽  
Magnum Opus ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Evolutionary Interpretation

Moral and Hypermoral, Arnold Gehlen´s final book-length publication, is an elaboration on basic theses which had initially been brought forward in Gehlen´s anthropological magnum opus "Der Mensch". In this respect, this draft of a "pluralistic ethics" is conceived as an elaboration on as well as a concretion of his doctrine of man. In this book, Gehlen set himself the task of combining anthropology, behavioral science, and sociology in a “genealogy of morality”, thus exposing four interdependent forms of ethics: from an ethos of "reciprocity" via “eudaimonism” and “humanitarianism” to an ethos of institutions, including the state. Gehlen made a decisive stand against the "abstract ethics of the Enlightenment": systematically, his book is primarily an anthropological justification of ethics, conceived as a "majority of moral authorities" and "social regulations." These are not subjected to an evolutionary interpretation, that is, as progress from an ethics of proximity to a world-encompassing morality. Moralities, whether based on instinct or arising from the needs of particular institutions, are always culturally shaped and set on different levels of abstraction. With its broad scope, the book belongs in the context of basic philosophical-sociological research known as philosophical anthropology.

scholarly journals The Parietal Cortex in Sensemaking: The Dissociation of Multiple Types of Spatial Information

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanlong Sun ◽  
Hongbin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Perceptual Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sensemaking Process ◽  
Network Simulations ◽  
Different Levels

According to the data-frame theory, sensemaking is a macrocognitive process in which people try to make sense of or explain their observations by processing a number of explanatory structures called frames until the observations and frames become congruent. During the sensemaking process, the parietal cortex has been implicated in various cognitive tasks for the functions related to spatial and temporal information processing, mathematical thinking, and spatial attention. In particular, the parietal cortex plays important roles by extracting multiple representations of magnitudes at the early stages of perceptual analysis. By a series of neural network simulations, we demonstrate that the dissociation of different types of spatial information can start early with a rather similar structure (i.e., sensitivity on a common metric), but accurate representations require specific goal-directed top-down controls due to the interference in selective attention. Our results suggest that the roles of the parietal cortex rely on the hierarchical organization of multiple spatial representations and their interactions. The dissociation and interference between different types of spatial information are essentially the result of the competition at different levels of abstraction.

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