A Quality Assurance Approach to Healthcare

2011 ◽  
pp. 1805-1825
Author(s):  
Mark C. Shaw ◽  
Bernd Carsten Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Class Model ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Standard Terminology ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
The Many

Despite decades of research, healthcare information systems have been characterised by cost over-runs, poor specifications and lack of user uptake. A new approach is required which provides organisations with a reason to invest in this type of software. W Edwards Deming argues that quality is not an entity but derives from using feedback, iteratively to seek improvement to processes, in order to increase productivity and to make better use of resources. The authors propose that supporting this form of quality assurance (QA) using information systems (IS) has the potential to deliver a return on investment. An object-oriented analysis, where healthcare is viewed as the delivery of interdependent processes to which Deming’s form of QA is applied, results in a class model of data types that has some useful characteristics. It is able to store data about medical and nonmedical events; to save descriptions of procedures and to represent the QA process itself. With software based on the model, organisations will have a memory of previous attempts at making improvements as well as data about feedback from patients and staff to drive future change. A critical research in information systems (CRIS) analysis of this model proposes a number of criticisms deriving from theories about rationality; concepts of technology; politics and hidden agendas, as well as the social consequences of technology. The view that QA is a standardised, ongoing conversation about the important characteristics of a process pre-empts many of these counter arguments. The CRIS critique also highlights the need to ensure that development is in harmony with the needs of the many stakeholders in healthcare IS. These concepts lead to new directions in healthcare IS research. The class model needs to be tested against clinical and non-clinical use-cases for its viability not only as support for QA but also as an electronic patient record. A standard terminology is required for processes and for how objects from the model should be used to represent them. The model predicts that user interfaces will have to collect more detailed data than hitherto. Also use of the software should be tested in controlled trials to demonstrate whether the required improvements in quality not only benefit the patient but also the organisations managing their care.

A Quality Assurance Approach to Healthcare

2010 ◽  
pp. 333-352
Author(s):  
Mark C. Shaw ◽  
Bernd Carsten Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Class Model ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Standard Terminology ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
The Many

Despite decades of research, healthcare information systems have been characterised by cost over-runs, poor specifications and lack of user uptake. A new approach is required which provides organisations with a reason to invest in this type of software. W Edwards Deming argues that quality is not an entity but derives from using feedback, iteratively to seek improvement to processes, in order to increase productivity and to make better use of resources. The authors propose that supporting this form of quality assurance (QA) using information systems (IS) has the potential to deliver a return on investment. An object-oriented analysis, where healthcare is viewed as the delivery of interdependent processes to which Deming’s form of QA is applied, results in a class model of data types that has some useful characteristics. It is able to store data about medical and nonmedical events; to save descriptions of procedures and to represent the QA process itself. With software based on the model, organisations will have a memory of previous attempts at making improvements as well as data about feedback from patients and staff to drive future change. A critical research in information systems (CRIS) analysis of this model proposes a number of criticisms deriving from theories about rationality; concepts of technology; politics and hidden agendas, as well as the social consequences of technology. The view that QA is a standardised, ongoing conversation about the important characteristics of a process pre-empts many of these counter arguments. The CRIS critique also highlights the need to ensure that development is in harmony with the needs of the many stakeholders in healthcare IS. These concepts lead to new directions in healthcare IS research. The class model needs to be tested against clinical and non-clinical use-cases for its viability not only as support for QA but also as an electronic patient record. A standard terminology is required for processes and for how objects from the model should be used to represent them. The model predicts that user interfaces will have to collect more detailed data than hitherto. Also use of the software should be tested in controlled trials to demonstrate whether the required improvements in quality not only benefit the patient but also the organisations managing their care.

scholarly journals A Terminology Server for Medical Language and Medical Information Systems

1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 147-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Solomon ◽  
W. A. Nowlan ◽  
T. W. Rush ◽  
P. E. Zanstra ◽  
W. M. A. Claassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Natural Language ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Internal Representation ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Clinical Systems

Abstract:GALEN is developing a Terminology Server to support the development and integration of clinical systems through a range of key terminological services, built around a language-independent, re-usable, shared system of concepts – the CORE model. The focus is on supporting applications for medical records, clinical user interfaces and clinical information systems, but also includes systems for natural language understanding, clinical decision support, management of coding and classification schemes, and bibliographic retrieval. The Terminology Server integrates three modules: the Concept Module which implements the GRAIL formalism and manages the internal representation of concept entities, the Multilingual Module which manages the mapping of concept entities to natural language, and the Code Conversion Module which manages the mapping of concept entities to and from existing coding and classification schemes. The Terminology Server also provides external referencing to concept entities, coercion between data types, and makes its services available through a uniform applications programming interface. Taken together these services represent a new approach to the development of clinical systems and the sharing of medical knowledge.

A Model Transformation Approach for Automatic Composition of COTS User Interfaces in Web-Based Information Systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Iribarne ◽  
Nicolás Padilla ◽  
Javier Criado ◽  
José-Andrés Asensio ◽  
Rosa Ayala
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Model Transformation ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Transformation Approach ◽  
Automatic Composition

scholarly journals How Regional Trust Cues Could Drive Decentralisation in the Energy Sector—An Exploratory Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3010
Author(s):  
Tobias Menzel ◽  
Timm Teubner
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Sustainable Products ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Exploratory Approach ◽  
Research Stream

The Green Information Systems research stream was initiated by leading information systems researchers to address climate change through information and communications technology. This paper responds to a call for practical research into the design of information systems that support consumers in their decision making in favour of sustainable products. We apply an exploratory approach to improve understanding of regional trust cues in the energy sector and how these could drive the sector’s decentralisation. We explore the still emerging phenomenon of regional text and imagery on digital user interfaces via a multi-method process including quantitative and qualitative content analysis. Our findings suggest that regional energy providers systematically employ regional textual and pictorial trust cues on their websites. We further lay the ground for future experimental work on this matter by defining terms and concepts and systematically capturing design elements. We outline practical implications for designing user interfaces in the energy sector and discuss how this could drive the sector’s platformisation and sustainabilisation. In addition, we discuss implications for consumers who could become the target of regional washing attempts, in other words providers applying regional cues to create a regional company image in the absence of actual regionality.

Towards New Scopes: Sensor-enhanced Regional Health Information Systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (04) ◽  
pp. 476-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Marschollek ◽  
K.-H. Wolf ◽  
R. Haux ◽  
O. J. Bott
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Health Information ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Health Information Systems ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Regional Health ◽  
Tele Monitoring

Summary Objectives: To analyze utilization of sensor technology in telemonitoring and home care and to discuss concepts and challenges of sensor-enhanced regional health information systems (rHIS). Methods: The study is based upon experience in sensor-based telemedicine and rHIS projects, and on an analysis of HIS-related journal publications from 2003 to 2005 conducted in the context of publishing the IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics. Results: Health-related parameters that are subject to sensor-based measurement in home care and tele-monitoring are identified. Publications related to tele-monitoring, home care and smart houses are analyzed concerning scope and utilization of sensor technology. Current approaches for integrating sensor technology in rHIS based on a corresponding eHealth infrastructure are identified. Based on a coarse architecture of home care and telemonitoring systems ten challenges for sensor-enhanced rHIS are identified and discussed: integration of home and health telematic platforms towards a sensor-enhanced telematic platform, transmission rate guarantees, ad hoc connectivity, cascading data analysis, remote configuration, message and alert logistic, sophisticated user interfaces, unobtrusiveness, data safety and security, and electronic health record integration. Conclusions: Utilization of sensor technology in health care is an active field of research. Currently few research projects and standardization initiatives focus on general architectural considerations towards suitable telematic platforms for establishing sensor-enhanced rHIS. Further research finalized by corresponding standardization is needed. Part 2 of this paperwill present experiences with a research prototype for a sensor-enhanced rHIS telematic platform.

Unseeing propaganda: How communication scholars learned to love commercial media

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Pickard
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Commercial Media ◽  
The Many

A new disinformation age is upon us—or so it seems. But much of what appears to be unprecedent-ed is not new at all. Concerns about misinformation’s effects on democracy are as old as media. The many systemic failures abetting Trump’s ascendance—as well as more recent election- and pandem-ic-related conspiracies—were decades in the making. Yet, our degraded information systems es-caped sufficient scrutiny for so long. Why?

scholarly journals PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PENJAMINAN MUTU PERGURUAN TINGGI BIDANG SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Yeni Nuraeni
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Requirements Analysis ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Quality Assurance Process ◽  
Assurance Process

Sumber daya manusia (SDM) di lingkungan perguruan tinggi yang terdiri dari dosen dan tenaga penunjang memiliki posisi yang sangat strategis, karena memiliki pengaruh langsung terhadap proses belajar, mutu lulusan dan pola keluaran yang kompetitif. Efektivitas kinerja dalam proses belajar mengajar dan perbaikan atmosfer akademik sangat dipengaruhi oleh standardisasi mutu yang ingin dicapai serta proses penjaminan mutu yang harus dilakukan oleh sebuah perguruan tinggi salah satunya dalam bidang sumber daya manusia (SDM). Syarat yang harus dipenuhi agar penerapan sistem penjaminan mutu SDM di sebuah perguruan tinggi dapat dilaksanakan dengan baik adalah ketersediaan basis data akurat yang dapat digunakan pada setiap pengambilan keputusan. Untuk itu perlu dikembangkan sistem informasi penjaminan mutu SDM di lingkungan perguruan tinggi. Sistem informasi penjaminan mutu SDM ini dapat berfungsi untuk memudahkan bagi perguruan tinggi dalam menjalankan penjaminan mutu, sehingga proses penjaminan mutu bisa dijalankan melalui tahap-tahap yang terangkai dan didukung oleh pangkalan data (basis data), sistem informasi manajemen, dan sistem pendukung keputusan yang terintegrasi. Adapun tahapan yang dilakukan dalam perancangan sistem informasi ini meliputi analisis kebutuhan, perancangan model proses, analisis kebutuhan perangkat lunak, dan desain. Human resources (HR) in the college environment consisting of lecturers and support staff have a very strategic position, because it has a direct impact on the learning process, the quality of graduates and the competitive output pattern. Effectiveness of performance in teaching and learning and improved academic atmosphere is strongly influenced by the standardization of quality to be achieved and the quality assurance process that should be done by a university either in the field of human resources (HR). Condition that must be met in order for the application of quality assurance system in a college human resources can be successfully implemented is the availability of accurate database that can be used in any decision-making. It is necessary to develop human resources information system of quality assurance in higher education environments. Human resource quality assurance information system can serve to make it easier for universities in implementing quality assurance, so that the quality assurance process can be run through the connected stages and supported by the data base (database), management information systems, and integrated decision support system. The stage that is done in designing information systems include requirements analysis, design process models, software requirements analysis, and design.

IMPROVING THE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY OF CONCESSION PROJECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2450-2462
Author(s):  
A.S. Onufrieva ◽  
◽  
O.A. Goranova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Project Implementation ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Target Values ◽  
Quality Infrastructure

The purpose of this article is to study the question, to which extent the tasks of transition to sustainable urbanization through high-quality infrastructure investments are taken into account in the framework of concession agreements implemented in Russia. Analysis of the tender documentation for 70 announced tenders for concluding concession agreements showed that the criteria for competitive selection are, as a rule, economic indicators related to the volume of investments, financial obligations of the grantor and the time frame for the creation or reconstruction of the concession object. Environmental and social criteria when concluding concessions are used as long-term regulation parameters and target values for the performance indicators of the concessionaire, mainly in the utilities sector. The article substantiates the need for a transition to a sustainable-oriented approach to the implementation of concession agreements. The principle of project sustainability means that the project uses green technologies (use of energy obtained from renewable sources, environmentally friendly materials, innovative solutions to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, waste, rational use of resources, etc.) and sustainable institutions (rules, contributing to the achievement of social and environmental sustainability). The role of the state in enhancing the environmental sustainability of concession agreements should be to build a system of incentives that will primarily contribute to the initiation of a green multiplier and a more complete provision of environmental and social risks of the project implementation at all stages of its life cycle. This will be facilitated by the inclusion of sustainability criteria in the tender documentation and the assessment of projects at the pre-project stage using the total cost of ownership (TCO) methodology, which takes into account the costs, including for the elimination of negative environmental and social consequences of the concession project implementation. The inclusion of criteria to ensure that environmental requirements are met throughout the supply chain throughout the life of a project will provide multiplier environmental benefits. This will require additional costs on the part of the grantor, but it will create market incentives for environmental innovation and attract additional private investment in quality infrastructure.

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