LTE Mobility Solutions at Network Level for Global Convergence

2010 ◽  
pp. 405-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balan Titus-Constantin ◽  
Sandu Florin
Keyword(s):  
Mobility Management ◽  
Scalable Architectures ◽  
Global Mobility ◽  
Mobility Management Protocols ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Network Technologies ◽  
3Gpp Long Term Evolution ◽  
3Rd Generation Partnership Project

One of the research challenges for next generation all-IP-based wireless systems is the design of intelligent mobility management techniques that take advantage of IP-based technologies to achieve global seamless roaming among various access technologies. Since Mobile IPv6 is considered a mature protocol, mobility management at the network layer is the frequent approach for heterogeneous networks. The tendency of future convergent scalable architectures is splitting the mobility management in two domains, global mobility and localized mobility management. This chapter presents the advantages of MIPv6, a global mobility protocol, and its enhancements. A case study based on MIPv6 for UMTS and WiFi convergence is also presented. Proxy MIPv6, the newest protocol of the MIPv6 family, already included in the roadmap of future 4G networks, will be analyzed as a solution for localized mobility management. The main goal of the chapter is describing the way mobility protocols (MIPv6 and PMIPv6) will be implemented for the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution architecture. The chapter ends with the presentation of the interoperation between different network technologies using global and localized mobility management protocols, which provide flexibility, scalability and independence between mobility domains.

How Evolving Network Access and Network Management Technologies are Redefining the Competitive Wireless Markets

2013 ◽  
pp. 220-239
Author(s):  
Fernando Beltrán ◽  
Jairo A. Gutiérrez ◽  
José Luis Melús
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Network Access ◽  
Broadband Wireless ◽  
Heterogeneous Technologies ◽  
Policy Based Management ◽  
Network Technologies ◽  
Pricing Schemes ◽  
Wireless Markets

This paper examines some of the key problems users encounter when accessing current generation wireless networks. Using a case study of a hypothetical user, the authors explore the emerging services and the new broadband wireless network technologies necessary to carry them out. This paper analyses the issues associated with an observed trend in the industry that exposes potential changes to the long-term, rigid commercial relation between wireless providers and users: as a result of a range of evolved broadband wireless access standards and technologies, autonomic communications and policy-based management, and new pricing schemes, consumers will likely face new opportunities to enter short-term and spot contracts with the new wireless providers. This new landscape also allow multiple competing Access Providers (APs) to dynamically assign prices, and poses new and interesting challenges to the regulatory function. The paper also discusses a framework for the integration of heterogeneous technologies and management policies based on the network context that make up this emerging, hybrid wireless landscape, and describes the economic characteristics of new markets likely to arise.

scholarly journals Handover with Buffering for Distributed Mobility Management in Software Defined Mobile Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-40
Author(s):  
Battulga Davaasambuu
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Mobility Management ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Data Traffic ◽  
Distributed Mobility Management ◽  
Mobile Cellular ◽  
Network Technologies

The rapidly-growing number of mobile subscribers has led to the creation of a large number of signalling messages. This makes it difficult to efficiently handle the mobility of subscribers in mobile cellular networks. The long-term evolution (LTE) architecture provides software-defined networking (SDN) to meet the requirements of 5G networks and to forward massive mobile data traffic. The SDN solution proposes separation of the control and data planes of a network. Centralized mobility management (CMM) is widely used in current mobile network technologies, such as 4G networks. One of the problems related to CMM is a single point of failure. To solve the problems of CMM and in order to provide for efficient mobility management, IETF has developed a solution called distributed mobility management (DMM), in which mobility is handled via the nearest mobility anchor. In this paper, we propose a DMM solution with handover operations for SDN-enabled mobile networks. The advantage of the proposed solution is that intra and inter handover procedures are defined with the data buffering and forwarding processes between base stations and mobility anchors. We adopt a simulation model to evaluate and compare the proposed solution with the existing solution in terms of handover latency, packet loss and handover failures.

scholarly journals High Speed Mobility Management Performance in a Real LTE Scenario

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5175-5179
Author(s):  
A. A. M. K. Abuelgasim ◽  
K. M. Yusof
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Mobility Management ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Mobile Operator ◽  
Seamless Connectivity ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
Network Technologies

This paper discusses the mobility management for high-speed users, which is a crucial challenge for all mobile operators, especially when users are moving vertically across different network technologies. Mobility, also known as seamless connectivity, is directly influencing the quality of service (QoS). Mobility management-Handover (HO) performance was evaluated by field measurements of a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network of a mobile operator in the Middle East. Drive test measurements were used to analyze the results of different high-speed scenarios. User Equipment (UE) with high speed of 80-140km/h causes a high risk of failure of seamless connectivity as the HO procedure timing is longer than for UE with smaller speed. HO failure and call drop may occur when UE is moving with high speed across two adjacent cells in highways. During measurements, HO failure occurred when UE speed was 140km/h, and HO preparation timing increased when UE speed increased.

How Evolving Network Access and Network Management Technologies are Redefining the Competitive Wireless Markets

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Beltrán ◽  
Jairo A. Gutiérrez ◽  
José Luis Melús
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Network Access ◽  
Broadband Wireless ◽  
Heterogeneous Technologies ◽  
Policy Based Management ◽  
Network Technologies ◽  
Pricing Schemes ◽  
Wireless Markets

This paper examines some of the key problems users encounter when accessing current generation wireless networks. Using a case study of a hypothetical user, the authors explore the emerging services and the new broadband wireless network technologies necessary to carry them out. This paper analyses the issues associated with an observed trend in the industry that exposes potential changes to the long-term, rigid commercial relation between wireless providers and users: as a result of a range of evolved broadband wireless access standards and technologies, autonomic communications and policy-based management, and new pricing schemes, consumers will likely face new opportunities to enter short-term and spot contracts with the new wireless providers. This new landscape also allow multiple competing Access Providers (APs) to dynamically assign prices, and poses new and interesting challenges to the regulatory function. The paper also discusses a framework for the integration of heterogeneous technologies and management policies based on the network context that make up this emerging, hybrid wireless landscape, and describes the economic characteristics of new markets likely to arise.

scholarly journals Handover with Buffering for Distributed Mobility Management in Software Defined Mobile Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-40
Author(s):  
Battulga Davaasambuu
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Mobility Management ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Data Traffic ◽  
Distributed Mobility Management ◽  
Mobile Cellular ◽  
Network Technologies

The rapidly-growing number of mobile subscribers has led to the creation of a large number of signalling messages. This makes it difficult to efficiently handle the mobility of subscribers in mobile cellular networks. The long-term evolution (LTE) architecture provides software-defined networking (SDN) to meet the requirements of 5G networks and to forward massive mobile data traffic. The SDN solution proposes separation of the control and data planes of a network. Centralized mobility management (CMM) is widely used in current mobile network technologies, such as 4G networks. One of the problems related to CMM is a single point of failure. To solve the problems of CMM and in order to provide for efficient mobility management, IETF has developed a solution called distributed mobility management (DMM), in which mobility is handled via the nearest mobility anchor. In this paper, we propose a DMM solution with handover operations for SDN-enabled mobile networks. The advantage of the proposed solution is that intra and inter handover procedures are defined with the data buffering and forwarding processes between base stations and mobility anchors. We adopt a simulation model to evaluate and compare the proposed solution with the existing solution in terms of handover latency, packet loss and handover failures.

Interpersonal Trust in Online Partnerships

2011 ◽  
pp. 107-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Davenport ◽  
Leo McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Pattern Matching ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Interpersonal Trust ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Management Techniques

In this chapter, trust is treated as a form of tacit knowledge that can be made explicit to some extent by means of knowledge management techniques such as codification and pattern matching. The authors explore the issue of representing interpersonal trust by means of a case study. This describes the development of an online platform to support partnership among small firms where remoteness, and/or lack of time, preclude the long-term build-up of trusting relationships. The authors argue that in such a situation, infrastructure and process may be designed to support trustful interaction. They review a number of empirical studies of interpersonal trust that suggest that judgments about trust in the early stages of the formation of partnerships are indicative of relationship quality in subsequent stages. Such assessments may be seen as “representations” of trust. A specification to support such assessment is described.

scholarly journals Localization and mobility management in heterogeneous wireless networks with network-assistance

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Διονύσιος Ξενάκης
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Ieee 802.11 ◽  
Mobility Management ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Networks ◽  
Long Term Evolution ◽  
Term Evolution ◽  
3Rd Generation Partnership Project ◽  
Long Term Evolution Advanced

Το σημερινό ετερογενές δίκτυο ασυρμάτων επικοινωνιών αποτελείται από ένα σύνολο πανταχού-παρόντων ασυρμάτων δικτυακών στοιχείων, τα οποία υποστηρίζουν διαφορετικές τεχνολογικές δυνατότητες και εξυπηρετούν διαφορετικού-τύπου ανάγκες δικτύωσης. Σε ένα τέτοιο ετερογενές δικτυακό περιβάλλον, ο υπολογισμός σχετικής θέσης και η διαχείριση κινητικότητας θα διαδραματίσουν καθοριστικό ρόλο στην απρόσκοπτη υποστήριξη αναδυόμενων καινοτόμων εφαρμογών, όπως η κοινωνική δικτύωση, τα δικτυακά παιχνίδια με εξαιρετικά μεγάλο αριθμό χρηστών, επικοινωνίες συσκευής-με-συσκευή, έξυπνων μετρήσεων, επικοινωνιών έκτακτης ανάγκης, καθώς και η αυτόνομη πλοήγηση ρομποτικών κόμβων που έχουν δυνατότητα δικτύωσης. Καθώς όλο και περισσότερες ασύρματες δικτυακές τεχνολογίες επιτρέπουν στα ασύρματα δικτυακά στοιχεία τους να αξιολογούν την τρέχουσα κατάσταση του καναλιού επικοινωνίας τους και να εκτιμούν άμεσα (ή έμμεσα) την σχετική τους απόσταση και γωνία ως προς άλλους δικτυακούς κόμβους της ιδίας τεχνολογίας, η αξιοποίηση-ενοποίηση των ανωτέρω πληροφοριών από τα πανταχού-παρόντα ασύρματα δικτυακά στοιχεία, αναδεικνύεται ως η πλέον εφικτή και αποτελεσματική λύση για α) τον υπολογισμό της σχετικής απόστασης μεταξύ δύο (όχι υποχρεωτικά της ίδιας τεχνολογίας) δικτυακών κόμβων ενδιαφέροντος και β) για την διαχείριση κινητικότητας κινητών δικτυακών κόμβων με περιορισμένους πόρους, π.χ. όσους λειτουργούν με μπαταρία. Υπό το πρίσμα της αξιοποίησης των ανωτέρω πληροφοριών για την βελτίωση του υπολογισμού σχετικής θέσης και της διαχείρισης κινητικότητας, στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή επικεντρώνουμε και συμβάλλουμε στις ακόλουθες τέσσερις ερευνητικές περιοχές: i) υπολογισμός σχετικής θέσης και εύρεση σημείου-προς-σημείο μεταξύ ετερογενών ασύρματων δικτυακών στοιχείων, ii) εύρεσης συνδέσεων συσκευής-προς-συσκευή σε κυψελωτά δίκτυα με υποβοήθηση από το δίκτυο, iii) ενεργειακά-αποδοτικών οριζόντιων μεταπομπών σε δίκτυα μακροκυψελών - φεμτοκυψελών, iv) υποβοηθούμενης από το δίκτυο κάθετης μεταπομπής σε ενοποιημένα δίκτυα κυψελωτών επικοινωνιών και επικοινωνιών τοπικής πρόσβασης.Στην περιοχή υπολογισμού σχετικής θέσης και εύρεσης σημείου-προς-σημείο σε ετερογενή δίκτυα, εξάγουμε αναλυτικές σχέσεις κλειστού τύπου για την κατανομή της σχετικής απόστασης μεταξύ δύο ετερογενών ασυρμάτων δικτυακών στοιχείων, δοσμένης μερικής (ή πλήρους) γνώσης για την γενικότερη τοπολογία του ετερογενούς δικτύου. Η εξαχθείσες σχέσεις μας επιτρέπουν να αναλύσουμε την απόδοση της διαδικασίας υπολογισμού σχετικής θέσης και εύρεσης σημείου-προς-σημείο μεταξύ ασυρμάτων δικτυακών στοιχείων διαφορετικής τεχνολογίας. Στην περιοχή εύρεσης συνδέσεων συσκευής-προς-συσκευή σε κυψελωτά δίκτυα με υποβοήθηση από το δίκτυο, αναλύουμε την απόδοση της εύρεσης συνδέσεων συσκευής-προς-συσκευή σε κυψελωτά δίκτυα με τυχαία κατανομή κόμβων και δυνατότητα υποβοήθησης από το δίκτυο, και εξάγουμε χρήσιμες κατευθυντήριες γραμμές για την βελτίωση της εν λόγω λειτουργίας σε σημερινά κυψελωτά δίκτυα. Στην περιοχή οριζόντιων μεταπομπών σε δίκτυα μακροκυψελών – φεμτοκυψελών, προτείνουμε έναν ενεργειακά-αποδοτικό αλγόριθμο μεταπομπής για δίκτυα μακροκυψελών – φεμτοκυψελών και εξετάζουμε όλες τις απαιτήσεις εφαρμογής του στο κυψελωτό σύστημα Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) που αναπτύχθηκε από την 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). Στην περιοχή κάθετων μεταπομπών σε ετερογενή ασύρματα δίκτυα, προτείνουμε έναν ενεργειακά-αποδοτικό αλγόριθμο κάθετης μεταπομπής, ο οποίος αξιοποιεί την δυνατότητα εξαγωγής ράδιο-μετρήσεων για την κατάσταση του καναλιού στους κυψελωτούς σταθμούς LTE-A και στα σημεία πρόσβασης που είναι συμβατά με το πρότυπο IEEE 802.11-2012.

Caregivers' Perceptions of Speech-Language Pathologist Talk About Child Language and Literacy Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2049-2067
Author(s):  
Karmen L. Porter ◽  
Janna B. Oetting ◽  
Loretta Pecchioni
Keyword(s):  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Collective Case Study ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Therapy Goals ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Types Of Information

Purpose This study examined caregiver perceptions of their child's language and literacy disorder as influenced by communications with their speech-language pathologist. Method The participants were 12 caregivers of 10 school-aged children with language and literacy disorders. Employing qualitative methods, a collective case study approach was utilized in which the caregiver(s) of each child represented one case. The data came from semistructured interviews, codes emerged directly from the caregivers' responses during the interviews, and multiple coding passes using ATLAS.ti software were made until themes were evident. These themes were then further validated by conducting clinical file reviews and follow-up interviews with the caregivers. Results Caregivers' comments focused on the types of information received or not received, as well as the clarity of the information. This included information regarding their child's diagnosis, the long-term consequences of their child's disorder, and the connection between language and reading. Although caregivers were adept at describing their child's difficulties and therapy goals/objectives, their comments indicated that they struggled to understand their child's disorder in a way that was meaningful to them and their child. Conclusions The findings showed the value caregivers place on receiving clear and timely diagnostic information, as well as the complexity associated with caregivers' understanding of language and literacy disorders. The findings are discussed in terms of changes that could be made in clinical practice to better support children with language and literacy disorders and their families.

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