Are Speech-Generating Devices Viable AAC Options for Adults with Intellectual Disabilities?

2010 ◽  
pp. 161-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Sutherland ◽  
Jeff Sigafoos ◽  
Ralf W. Schlosser ◽  
Mark F. O’Reilly ◽  
Giulio E. Lancioni
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Communication Intervention ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Absence Of Evidence ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Communication Impairments

Many adults with intellectual disabilities have severe communication impairments and are therefore potential candidates for the use of speech-generating technologies. However, there may be reluctance to prescribe speech-generating devices for adults with intellectual disabilities in the absence of evidence demonstrating that such persons are capable of learning and interested in using this technology. In this chapter, the authors provide an overview of intellectual disability and the use of speech-generating technologies for adults with intellectual disability. This overview is followed by a systematic review of intervention studies that have sought to teach the use of speech-generating technologies to adults with intellectual disability. An overview and review of this type may help to inform and advance evidence-based practice in the provision of communication intervention for adults with intellectual disability.

scholarly journals Long-term condition management in adults with intellectual disability in primary care: a systematic review

BJGP Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. bjgpopen18X101445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hanlon ◽  
Sara MacDonald ◽  
Karen Wood ◽  
Linda Allan ◽  
Sally-Ann Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
General Population ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Health Checks ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

BackgroundAdults with intellectual disabilities have higher morbidity and earlier mortality than the general population. Access to primary health care is lower, despite a higher prevalence of many long-term conditions.AimTo synthesise the evidence for the management of long-term conditions in adults with intellectual disabilities and identify barriers and facilitators to management in primary care.Design & settingMixed-methods systematic review.MethodSeven electronic databases were searched to identify both quantitative and qualitative studies concerning identification and management of long-term conditions in adults with intellectual disability in primary care. Both the screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts, and the quality assessment were carried out in duplicate. Findings were combined in a narrative synthesis.ResultsFifty-two studies were identified. Adults with intellectual disabilities are less likely than the general population to receive screening and health promotion interventions. Annual health checks may improve screening, identification of health needs, and management of long-term conditions. Health checks have been implemented in various primary care contexts, but the long-term impact on outcomes has not been investigated. Qualitative findings highlighted barriers and facilitators to primary care access, communication, and disease management. Accounts of experiences of adults with intellectual disabilities reveal a dilemma between promoting self-care and ensuring access to services, while avoiding paternalistic care.ConclusionAdults with intellectual disabilities face numerous barriers to managing long-term conditions. Reasonable adjustments, based on the experience of adults with intellectual disability, in addition to intervention such as health checks, may improve access and management, but longer-term evaluation of their effectiveness is required.

Best Practice Principles When Working With Individuals With Intellectual Disability and Comorbid Mental Health Concerns

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Man ◽  
Maria Kangas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Mental Health Assessment ◽  
Complex Process

Working with individuals with dual disabilities can be a complex process in the presence of limited evidence base to guide clinical practice. The aims of this qualitative study were to investigate perceptions of best practices of Australian psychologists who work with this specialist population. Thirty-eight Australian psychologists working in the intellectual disability field participated in eight semistructured focus groups. Perceptions of evidence-based practice for individuals with intellectual disabilities and in relation to mental health assessment were explored. Psychologists demonstrated resourcefulness in adapting to limits in available evidence-based practice and in modifying mainstream practice to suit the needs of individuals with dual disabilities. Findings suggest the necessity of practice-based evidence in contributing to the evidence base, and person-centered approaches in relation to best practice for people with intellectual disabilities. Implications for strengthening psychologists’ clinical competency and bridging the research and practice gap are discussed.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Challenging Behaviour in Adults with Intellectual Disabilities, Correlates, and Association with Mental Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren L. Bowring ◽  
Jon Painter ◽  
Richard P. Hastings
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Challenging Behaviour ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Framework Model ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Communication Impairments ◽  
Congregate Care

Abstract Purpose of Review To summarise findings about the prevalence and correlates of challenging behaviour in adults with intellectual disabilities from robust research. We also describe findings on the interplay between challenging behaviour and mental health. Recent Findings Recent studies that have utilised psychometrically evaluated tools, with clear operational definitions, show similar findings on the prevalence of challenging behaviour of about 1 in every 5–6 adults known to services. We describe common correlates identified such as communication impairments, severity of intellectual disability, and living in institutional settings or congregate care. We also describe the complex and multifaceted relationship between challenging behaviour and mental health. Summary Based on recent studies, we propose a revised framework model to help understand challenging behaviour. We propose a number of areas where more research is required, particularly the development of risk tools clinicians can utilise in practice.

scholarly journals Attitudes Towards the Sexuality of Adults with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Belén Correa ◽  
Ángel Castro ◽  
Juan Ramón Barrada
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Attitudinal Changes ◽  
Review Current

AbstractCurrent research in attitudes towards the sexuality of adults with intellectual disabilities yields heterogeneous results. The aim of the present paper was to systematically review current qualitative and quantitative evidence of attitudes towards the sexuality of adults with intellectual disabilities. A systematic review of current literature (2000–2020) was carried out in the ERIC, PsychINFO, SCOPUS, PUBMED, and WebOfScience databases. Thirty-three articles were included for review. The present review protocol is registered in the PROSPERO database. Included studies presented attitudes towards the sexuality of adults with intellectual disabilities in samples comprised of staff, family, members of the community, and adults with intellectual disability. Community samples held more positive attitudes, followed by staff and family. Adults with intellectual disabilities reported interest in intimate relationships but perceived barriers in others’ attitudes. Factors such as familiarity, age, gender of the adult with a disability, and culture seemed to have clear relationships. Other factors such as gender or social status remain unclear. In general, attitudes were considered positive. However, a preference for low intimacy and friendship or Platonic relationships was found. Stereotypes towards intellectual disability may have a strong influence. These findings underline the need to investigate and address attitudinal changes to provide adequate support for adults with intellectual disabilities in regard to a healthy relational and sex life.Prospero registration number: CRD42021222918.

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