scholarly journals Prevalence of Challenging Behaviour in Adults with Intellectual Disabilities, Correlates, and Association with Mental Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren L. Bowring ◽  
Jon Painter ◽  
Richard P. Hastings
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Challenging Behaviour ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Framework Model ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Communication Impairments ◽  
Congregate Care

Abstract Purpose of Review To summarise findings about the prevalence and correlates of challenging behaviour in adults with intellectual disabilities from robust research. We also describe findings on the interplay between challenging behaviour and mental health. Recent Findings Recent studies that have utilised psychometrically evaluated tools, with clear operational definitions, show similar findings on the prevalence of challenging behaviour of about 1 in every 5–6 adults known to services. We describe common correlates identified such as communication impairments, severity of intellectual disability, and living in institutional settings or congregate care. We also describe the complex and multifaceted relationship between challenging behaviour and mental health. Summary Based on recent studies, we propose a revised framework model to help understand challenging behaviour. We propose a number of areas where more research is required, particularly the development of risk tools clinicians can utilise in practice.

Antipsychotic prescribing for patients with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviours

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bushra Elhusein ◽  
Yassin Eltorki ◽  
Oraib Abdallah ◽  
Mohamed El Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Challenging Behaviour ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Antipsychotic Prescribing ◽  
Challenging Behaviours ◽  
Audit Standards

Purpose Review of antipsychotic prescribing practices, rationale and follow-up using an internationally standardized audit can be an effective tool to encourage and monitor best practices. The purpose of this study is to audit the current prescribing pattern for people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviours in Qatar. Design/methodology/approach This study was based on the challenging behaviour management guidelines recommended by the Royal College of Psychiatrists. All current electronic medical records in the Mental Health Service-Hamad Medical Corporation were examined to identify patients with intellectual disabilities who received antipsychotics for challenging behaviour. Demographic variables, such as age, sex and nationality, were collected. In addition, details of psychiatric diagnoses, prescribed psychotropic medications and diagnoses of epilepsy were also collected. For patients who were prescribed antipsychotic medication, the clinical rationale for such medication was collected along with evidence of side effect monitoring to allow performance against the audit standards to be measured. Findings This is the first audit on prescribing practices in people with intellectual disability and challenging behaviour in the state of Qatar. The results of this study regarding the pattern of prescribing practices for patients with intellectual disability and challenging behaviour reflect the limitation in knowledge and experience among non-specialist practitioners within mental health service. The result may be helpful to support the development of specialist service provision to improve the care for such vulnerable group. The result may also help other medical centres and clinicians by providing an improved understanding of possible deviations from the best medical practices. Originality/value This is the first audit on prescribing practices in people with intellectual disability and challenging behaviour in the state of Qatar. The study is also noteworthy as, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is one of only a few studies on antipsychotic prescribing for patients with intellectual disability and challenging behaviour in the Middle East; therefore, it will be useful in raising awareness and promoting the best practices in the Middle East region. This study is also among the first few studies that were designed based on the four audit standards by the Royal College of Psychiatrists in this area.

Are Speech-Generating Devices Viable AAC Options for Adults with Intellectual Disabilities?

2010 ◽  
pp. 161-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Sutherland ◽  
Jeff Sigafoos ◽  
Ralf W. Schlosser ◽  
Mark F. O’Reilly ◽  
Giulio E. Lancioni
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Communication Intervention ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Absence Of Evidence ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Communication Impairments

Many adults with intellectual disabilities have severe communication impairments and are therefore potential candidates for the use of speech-generating technologies. However, there may be reluctance to prescribe speech-generating devices for adults with intellectual disabilities in the absence of evidence demonstrating that such persons are capable of learning and interested in using this technology. In this chapter, the authors provide an overview of intellectual disability and the use of speech-generating technologies for adults with intellectual disability. This overview is followed by a systematic review of intervention studies that have sought to teach the use of speech-generating technologies to adults with intellectual disability. An overview and review of this type may help to inform and advance evidence-based practice in the provision of communication intervention for adults with intellectual disability.

scholarly journals Clinical and cost evaluation of intensive support team (IST) models for adults with intellectual disabilities who display challenging behaviour: a comparative cohort study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e043358
Author(s):  
Angela Hassiotis ◽  
Athanasia Kouroupa ◽  
Rebecca Jones ◽  
Nicola Morant ◽  
Ken Courtenay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Cost Evaluation ◽  
Challenging Behaviour ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

IntroductionApproximately 17% of adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) living in the community display behaviours that challenge. Intensive support teams (ISTs) have been recommended to provide high-quality responsive care aimed at avoiding unnecessary admissions and reducing lengthy inpatient stays in England. We have identified two models of ISTs (model 1: enhanced provision and model 2: independent provision). This study aims to investigate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of the two models of ISTs.Methods and analysisA cohort of 226 adults with ID displaying behaviour that challenges who receive support from ISTs from each model will be recruited and assessed at baseline and 9 months later to compare the clinical and cost-effectiveness between models. The primary outcome is reduction in challenging behaviour measured by the Aberrant Behaviour Checklist-Community (ABC-C). The mean difference in change in ABC score between the two IST models will be estimated from a multilevel linear regression model. Secondary outcomes include mental health status, clinical risk, quality of life, health-related quality of life, level of functioning and service use. We will undertake a cost-effectiveness analysis taking both a health and social care and wider societal perspective. Semistructured interviews will be conducted with multiple stakeholders (ie, service users, paid/family carers, IST managers/staff) to investigate the experience of IST care as well as an online survey of referrers to capture their contact with the teams.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the London–Bromley Research Ethics Committee (REC reference: 18/LO/0890). Informed consent will be obtained from the person with ID, or a family/nominated consultee for those lacking capacity and from his/her caregivers. The findings of the study will be disseminated to academic audiences, professionals, experts by experience and arm’s-length bodies and policymakers via publications, seminars and digital platforms.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT03586375).

scholarly journals Project Capabilities and Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: Towards Effective Interviewing for a Better Social Participation

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Stefanie Corona ◽  
Christina Hannum ◽  
Ann-Louise Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Qualitative Interviewing ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Interviewing Techniques

This practice-based paper presents a series of tips and techniques for interviewing for a better social participation. While we worked on Project Capabilities, we learned valuable lessons we wished to share with practitioners and researchers who work within an inclusive perspective. We argue that qualitative interviewing requires skillful means that are not always an integral part of research preparation, and we share tips and techniques that we developed throughout the process. As we collected the qualitative data through one-on-one interviews, and taught participants to selffilm using iPads, we found that traditional interviewing techniques were too rigid to engage with people living with an intellectual disability. Instead, we used a blend of motivational interviewing and collaborative inquiry techniques, and built rapport with the participants through online social networking. Mobile technologies were also used to build rapport, empowering participants and allowing non-intrusive filming of interviews.

Physical Activity Benefits and Needs in Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: Systematic Review of the Literature

2011 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Bartlo ◽  
Penelope J. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions ◽  
Methodological Rigor ◽  
Electronic Database Search ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities

Abstract Regular physical activity is vital for adult individuals with intellectual disabilities. The purpose of this review was to assess critically the evidence on effectiveness of physical activity interventions for adults with intellectual disability. An electronic database search was conducted. Research was then assessed for methodological rigor, and strength of the evidence was determined. Eleven clinical studies met inclusion criteria. Interventions studied included a variety of physical activity modes. Critical review revealed moderate to strong evidence that physical activity positively affected balance, muscle strength, and quality of life in individuals with intellectual disability. The authors also found that the research in this area needs to be translated into practice, specifically the development of physical activity programs that are adaptable to the needs of individuals with intellectual disability.

scholarly journals The Need for More Community Nursing for Adults with Intellectual Disabilities and Mental Health Problems

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Summers ◽  
Judith Adamson ◽  
Elspeth Bradley ◽  
Kerry Boyd ◽  
Stephen Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Community Nursing ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

scholarly journals Are we training psychiatrists to develop skills in intellectual disability psychiatry? Current European context and future directions

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Casanova Dias ◽  
Bhathika Perera ◽  
Florian Riese ◽  
Livia De Picker ◽  
Mariana Pinto da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Training ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

Abstract The majority of people with intellectual disabilities (ID) and psychiatric disorders access mainstream mental health services across Europe. However, only 56% of countries provide postgraduate psychiatric training in ID according to a survey across 42 European countries. We explore the challenges of ID training and make recommendations for education and health policymakers.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of interventions for adults with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities and mental health problems: systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 209 (6) ◽  
pp. 469-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Koslowski ◽  
Kristina Klein ◽  
Katrin Arnold ◽  
Markus Kösters ◽  
Matthias Schützwohl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
System Level ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Moderate Intellectual Disability

BackgroundThere is a lack of available evidence in relation to the effectiveness of interventions for adults with mild to moderate intellectual disability and mental health problems.AimsTo evaluate the efficacy of interventions for adults with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities and co-occurring mental health problems.MethodAn electronic literature search of the databases Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO and EBM Reviews aimed at identifying randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled trials testing any type of intervention (psychotherapy, biological or system level) for people with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities (IQ score 35–69) targeting comorbid mental health problems. Additionally a meta-analysis was conducted.ResultsTwelve studies met the inclusion criteria. No significant effect was found for the predefined outcome domains behavioural problems, depression, anxiety, quality of life and functioning. The effect size for depression (d = 0.49) was moderate but non-significant. Quality of studies was moderate and heterogeneity was high.ConclusionsThere is no compelling evidence supporting interventions aiming at improving mental health problems in people with mild to moderate intellectual disability. The number of available trials is too low for definite conclusions. Some interventions are promising and should be evaluated further in larger and more rigorous trials.

scholarly journals Aspirations held by young adults with intellectual disabilities and their mothers

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
Mary McMahon ◽  
Karen Moni ◽  
Monica Cuskelly ◽  
Jan Lloyd ◽  
Anne Jobling
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Young People ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Future Aspirations ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Nuanced Understanding

This study reports on Australian small-scale exploratory descriptive research into how young people with intellectual disability and their families construct their futures. The aims of this research were to (a) better understand the future aspirations held by young adults with intellectual disability and their parents, (b) identify enablers and barriers to the achievement of these aspirations, and (c) provide insights for career practitioners who support young people with intellectual disability and their parents to achieve their personal and career goals. Participants were four young people with intellectual disabilities aged between 18 and 30 years and their mothers. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed thematically. Results provide a nuanced understanding of the issues facing young people with intellectual disabilities and their families in constructing their futures. Suggestions are offered that can inform career development practice and policy.

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