Corporate Social Responsibility in Emerging Economies

2020 ◽  
pp. 263-273
Author(s):  
Ayesha Khatun ◽  
Sajad Nabi Dar
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Corporate Sector ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Corporate Social

India, a developing and the second largest populated country in the world after China, is characterized by many burning issues like unemployment, low literacy, lack of modern medical facilities mainly in rural areas, lack of connectivity of the rural areas with the mainland cities, and the like. Although government has been working on all these issues and has been very much successful, it is not possible for the government alone to solve all the issues in such a vast populated country in a desired period of time. Amidst such situation, it is the corporate sector that can play a bigger role in the development of the society through its CSR initiatives. This chapter attempts to study corporate social responsibility, its role and issues in a developing country with special reference to India. The findings show that lack of understanding, inadequately trained personnel, lack of proper policy making, lack of participation of the local people, and so on affects the reach and effectiveness of CSR programs in India.

scholarly journals Expanding the Scope of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Strategizing Skill Development in the Indian Scenario

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupama Sadasivan
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Corporate Sector ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Government ◽  
Proactive Measures ◽  
Public And Private Sector ◽  
Corporate Social

India is transitioning demographically with a large population of youngsters. To harness this population trend into a „demographic dividend,‟ it is essential to enhance the skill level of our youth. The Government of India (GoI) has taken many proactive measures in this regard. „Skill India Campaign‟ is one such measure. Though India‟s corporate sector has also been contributing to skill training through its Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiative, the efforts have been few and far between. The first part of this paper explores the Skill scenario of India, and the role played by both Public and Private sector to address the current skill gap. The second part of the paper suggests a possible solution to address the „skill gap‟ through a proactive Public-private partnership (PPP) by implementing a remodelled CSR strategy. Government and corporate sector can work together in the skill training arena through CSR and make it a mutually beneficial, sustainable activity to develop India into a “skill capital” of the World. The potential advantages of such a partnership for each player involved are also explored in detail in this part.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Poverty Alleviation

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-43
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Corporate Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Causes Of Poverty

Poverty is one of the significant issues of the world. There are several causes of poverty. Numerous countries of the world adopt sustainable policies for its reduction. There are also direct and indirect responsibilities of the corporate sector to play a vital role in its reduction. The aim of writing this chapter is to explain the significant causes of poverty around the world. Furthermore, this chapter also explains how the private and, more specifically, the corporate sector can influence overall poverty reduction.

scholarly journals Corporate Social Responsibility: Is the CSR Law Serving the Purpose it Should Be?

2022 ◽  
pp. 56-66
Author(s):  
GARIMA AGARWAL
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Environmental Resources ◽  
Corporate Sector ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact

Corporate Social Responsibility (hereinafter “CSR”) had emerged as a means to hold companies and organisations accountable for the impact of their actions and operations on society. The idea behind CSR is that Business Organisations generate profits by utilising the community and environmental resources by way of labour and raw material, and so must return at least some part to society by way of quality products, employment generation, and so on. CSR has come a long way from being merely a concept of philanthropy to a mandatory law in India. The paper is an analysis of whether the CSR law has been able to serve the purpose for which it was enacted. It seeks to look into whether or not CSR should have been made mandatory at all. This paper questions the need for a CSR law in India or if it instead works as a mechanism agenda for the government to shift its responsibilities (towards the community) to the corporate sector.

Investigating determinants of localised corporate social responsibility: evidence from Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamran Mohy-Ud-din ◽  
Muhammad Azam ◽  
Hamad Ul Haq ◽  
Shakeel Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Corporate Sector ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Corporate Social

Purpose This study aims to investigate the determinants of localised corporate social responsibility (LCSR) activities in Pakistan. The present study explores factors influencing the corporate sector to promote the welfare of local areas where the company has located its manufacturing plants. Design/methodology/approach The authors selected 100 companies listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange. Data were collected from the companies’ financial reports issued from 2012 to 2017 (N = 700). The authors analysed the data using fixed- and random-effects regression models to test the factors influencing LCSR activities. Findings The findings indicate that directors’ ancestry significantly enhances LCSR. This implies that boards with a greater number of directors whose names indicate their relevant ancestry are more likely to engage in LCSR. Moreover, environmental-protection activity by the corporate sector promotes LCSR initiatives. However, Pakistan’s corporate sectors are not promoting the essential aspects of their workers’ welfare, e.g. health and education. Research limitations/implications The present study was limited to the directors’ ancestry, environmental corporate social responsibility (CSR), CSR for factory workers and donation. Other factors, such as culture and language, may play an important role in determining LCSR. Practical implications The results suggest that the Security and Exchange Commission of Pakistan should emphasise the importance of LCSR to develop rural areas and devise meaningful policy for CSR. These findings provide substantial evidence that regulators and policymakers should encourage the inclusion of LCSR by firms listed on the stock exchange to increase environmental protection through CSR policy. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to explore the determinants of LCSR. Moreover, the present study investigates for the first time the influence of directors’ ancestry on rural development in any of Asia’s developing countries, including Pakistan. The findings of this study contribute theoretically and empirically to the literature.

scholarly journals Testing the Effectiveness of CSR Dimensions for Small Business Entrepreneurs

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Nor Hadi ◽  
Udin Udin
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Production Equipment ◽  
Loan Terms ◽  
The Government ◽  
Contract Implementation ◽  
Corporate Social

This article is intended to empirically test the effectiveness of the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dimension of assistance to Small Business Entrepreneurs (SMEs) under companies’ guidance of Semen Indonesia in Central and East Java. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) implementation for Small Business Entrepreneurs (SMEs), besides as a social contract implementation, is also an effort to increase legitimacy. This study is essential to obtain effective and relevant CSR dimensions recommended for the SME empowering program. The study was conducted at SMEs domiciled around the mining area and the cement factory. Out of 250 SMEs, 92 SMEs were involved in this study. The research data was primary, including respondents’ opinions, where the data were taken using survey and interview procedures. Data analysis using statistics was a factorial analysis. The results showed that of the eight programs included in CSR in the field of assistance for empowering SMEs, two were effective for empowering SMEs: (1) low-cost revolving funds and (2) production equipment assistance for SMEs. Meanwhile, six other CSR programs showed ineffectiveness: (1) mentoring, (2) marketing, (3) ease of procedure and relief of loan terms, (4) education and training, (5) accessibility of obtaining loans, and (6) the involvement of parties in the implementation of CSR. It indicated that the six CSR programs were not effective in helping to build image and legitimacy. The results of the research make an important contribution to the government and corporations and show that the construction of CSR programs must give attention to the real conditions and needs of SMEs in order to achieve effectiveness in solving problems by SMEs. Especially for the government, regulations are needed that can systemically encourage companies to implement CSR. This research still has limitations, therefore further research should be developed, especially in the area of empirical testing related to the contextual dimensions of CSR that are relevant to assisted stakeholders. Development-based research should be considered.

scholarly journals Corporate Profit Tax and Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility Under Foreign Acquisition

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Xu ◽  
Sang-Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Corporate Tax ◽  
Government Grants ◽  
Corporate Profit ◽  
Foreign Acquisition ◽  
Strategic Csr ◽  
The Government ◽  
Corporate Social

Abstract This study investigates government public policies facing competing firms’ strategic corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities and finds that the choice of CSR crucially depends on corporate profit tax. We demonstrate that strategic CSR decreases while social welfare increases with corporate tax. When the government grants uniform output subsidies, we show that bilateral CSR leads to a lower CSR level than under unilateral CSR but bilateral CSR is always beneficial to society. However, when the government grants discriminatory output subsidies which yield different levels of unilateral CSR, we show that domestic CSR leads to a lower CSR level than under foreign CSR. In an endogenous CSR choice game, domestic CSR (no CSR) is a Nash equilibrium when corporate tax is low (high) under the uniform subsidy, while foreign CSR could be a Nash equilibrium when corporate tax is low under the discriminatory subsidy.

scholarly journals Impact of strategic management, corporate social responsibility on firm performance in the post mandate period: evidence from India

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayan Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Brand Building ◽  
The Government ◽  
To Come ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Corporate Social

AbstractCorporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is like a chameleon, that changes its colour according to the context it is in. In the developed economy, it takes the form of sustainability and/ or philanthropy, whereas, in emerging economies, it speaks the language of religious, political and/ or mandated CSR. India, in recent times came into the limelight with its mandated CSR policy that was incorporated into its Companies Act 2013, which became operational from the financial year 2014 - 2015. Mandated CSR is thus a new area of study that is based on the philosophy that ‘CSR should contribute to the national agenda in emerging economies,’ under some statutory guidelines as laid down by the Government.But, business houses, do look for maximising its profit. Profit can be financial and/ or non-financial. If not money, then at least the effort must be compensated with reputation, image, that helps in brand building! And, to have this as an objective, their efforts should be strategic! But, does all strategies work? With these questions and conceptual thinking, this empirical research aims to identify the key aspects of Strategic Management, CSR and Firm Performance and establish relationship between them; apart from developing a valid and reliable scale to do so. This is indeed one of the first researches and documentations done among the large Indian firms in India immediately in the post mandate period and thus forms a base for understanding the CSR dynamics in the years to come.

scholarly journals State-Mediated Globalization Processes and the Adoption of Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Marquis ◽  
Juelin Yin ◽  
Dongning Yang
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Csr Reporting ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting ◽  
Global Norms ◽  
The Government ◽  
Corporate Social

ABSTRACTDespite the prevalence of global diffusion, little is known about the processes by which international practices are adopted and adapted within organizations around the world. Through our qualitative research on the introduction of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting at two leading Chinese companies, we identify a unique set of political mechanisms that we labelstate-mediated globalization, whereby powerful nation-state actors influence the ways in which corporations adopt and adapt global norms and practices. We find that businesses’ needs for political legitimacy from a key stakeholder, in this case the government, leads them to deviate systematically from the global practice in bothformandcontent. These intentional practice adaptations are then legitimized by the government to createinternationalization toolsandlocalized standardsto aid adoption by other organizations. Our findings illustrate previously unidentified mechanisms by which powerful stakeholders such as the Chinese government may mediate, and thereby direct, the ways in which corporations adopt and adapt global CSR practices. Contributions to understanding the political processes of institutional translation in the context of globalization are discussed.

Mandatory corporate social responsibility in India: reporting reality, issues and way forward

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Taneja ◽  
Ameeta Jain ◽  
Mahesh Joshi ◽  
Monika Kansal
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Csr Reporting ◽  
Reporting Requirements ◽  
Expectation Gap ◽  
The Government ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Since 2013, the Indian Companies Act Section 135 has mandated corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting by Indian central public sector enterprises (CPSEs). CSR reporting is regulated by multiple Government of India ministerial agencies, each requiring different formats and often different data. This study aims to understand the impact of these multiple regulatory bodies on CSR reporting by Indian CPSEs; evaluate the expectation gap between regulators and the regulated; and investigate the compliance burden on CPSEs. Design/methodology/approach An interview-based approach was adopted to evaluate the perspectives of both regulators and regulated CPSEs on the impact of the new regulations on CSR reporting quality. The authors use the lens of institutional theory to analyse the findings. Findings Driven by coercive institutional pressures, CPSEs are overburdened with myriad reporting requirements, which significantly negatively impact CPSEs’ financial and human resources and the quality of CSR activity and reports. It is difficult for CPSEs to assess the actual impact of their CSR activities due to overlapping with activities of the government/other institutions. The perceptions of regulators and the regulated are divergent: the regulators expect CPSEs to select more impactful CSR projects to comply with mandatory reporting requirements. Originality/value The findings of this study emphasise the need for meaningful dialogue between regulators and the regulated to reduce the expectation gap and establish a single regulatory authority that will ensure that the letter and spirit of the law are followed in practice and not just according to a tick-box approach.

Integrating corporate social responsibility into efforts to realize millennium development goals

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Katamba ◽  
Cedric Marvin Nkiko ◽  
Charles Tushabomwe-Kazooba ◽  
Sulayiman Babiiha Mpisi ◽  
Imelda Kemeza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government ◽  
Corporate Social

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present corporate social responsibility (CSR) as an alternative roadmap to accelerating realization of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in Uganda, even after 2015. Design/methodology/approach – Using a mixed research methodology, this research documented CSR activities of 16 companies operating in Uganda. Data collection was guided by quantitative and qualitative methodologies (semi-structured interviews with CSR managers, plus non-participant observation of CSR activities and projects linked with MDGs). Triangulation was used to ensure credibility and validity of the results. For data analysis, the authors followed a three-stepwise process, which helped to develop a framework within which the collected data could be analyzed. For generalization of the findings, the authors were guided by the “adaptive theory approach”. Findings – Uganda will not realize any MDGs by 2015. However, CSR activities have the potential to contribute to a cross-section of various MDGs that are more important and relevant to Uganda when supported by the government. If this happens, realization of the MDGs is likely to be stepped up. CSR's potential contributions to the MDGs were found to be hindered by corruption and cost of doing business. Lastly, MDG 8 and MDG 3 were perceived to be too ambiguous to be integrated into company CSR interventions, and to a certain extent were perceived to be carrying political intentions which conflict with the primary business intentions of profit maximization. Practical implications – Governments in developing countries that are still grappling with the MDGs can use this research when devising collaborations with private-sector companies. These documented CSR activities that contribute directly to specific MDGs can be factored into the priority public-private partnership arrangements. Private companies can also use these findings to frame their stakeholder engagement, especially with the government and also when setting CSR priorities that significantly contribute to sustainable development. Originality value – This research advances the “Post-2015 MDG Development Agenda” suggested during the United Nations MDG Summit in 2010, which called for academic and innovative contributions on how MDGs can be realized even after 2015.

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