Corruption and Anti-Corruption Reform in Central Asia

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-69
Author(s):  
Duane Windsor
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
The Third ◽  
Touristic Development ◽  
Available Information ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter surveys information available in English from public sources concerning levels and composition of corruption in the five countries of Central Asia. Similarly, the chapter examines relevant information available in English from public sources concerning anti-corruption reform efforts in Central Asia. Focus is on the relationship between corruption and reform and economic, educational, and touristic development in the five countries. There is consideration of possible links to foreign direct investment and operations by multinational corporations. There is some comparison to neighboring countries. The chapter proceeds in the following phases. The first step is to assemble available information and studies concerning corruption and anti-corruption conditions in the five countries. The second step is to assess the determinants and consequences of both corruption and anti-corruption reform. The third step is to place information and assessment into regional context. The chapter provides a conceptual framework for interpreting detailed country information.

Transparency and Inward Investment Incentives

2014 ◽  
pp. 303-322
Author(s):  
Frederick Lehmann ◽  
Ana Teresa Tavares-Lehmann
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Investment Incentives ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Inward Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fdi Attraction

This chapter examines transparency in relation to inward foreign direct investment (FDI), particularly inward investment-focused policies and incentives. It begins by reviewing the literature on transparency and inward investment incentives before discussing some of the merits of transparency based on its effects on the quantity and quality as well as the process by which FDI is attracted. It then considers the distinction between transparency in norms versus transparency in processes and how these differences affect FDI attraction. It also explores multilevel transparency and its impact on inward investment, along with multiparty transparency and its effect on FDI. The chapter concludes by focusing on the relationship between multinational corporations and host countries.

scholarly journals PENGARUH LEVERAGE, RETURN ON INVESTMENT (ROI), RETURN ON EQUITY (ROE), COST OF CAPITAL (COC) TERHADAP INVESTASI ASING LANGSUNG PADA MULTINATIONAL CORPORATION YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofyan Halim
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Cost Of Capital ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Investment Return ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to examine and examine the effects of leverage, return on investment, return on equity and cost of capital on foreign direct investment in multinational corporations listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. By using a causal method with the aim to test the hypothesis about the effect of leverage, ROA, ROE and cost of capital to foreign direct investment. In addition, it aims to examine the relationship between variables that are symmetrical, with a sample of 66 PMA companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Based on result of hypothesis test of research get result that Laverage, Return On Investment, Return On Equity and Cost Of Capital have no effect to foreign direct investment, in this case is portion of foreign stock at PMA company that researched

Peer effects in outward foreign direct investment: evidence from China

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruicheng Wang ◽  
William Chongyang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Peer Effects ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Important Influence ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Outward Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internationalization Strategy ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Most previous research assumes that the outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) decisions of multinational corporations (MNCs) are made independently of the actions or characteristics of their peers. Therefore, the important influence of peer effects on the OFDI strategy is often neglected. The purpose of this paper is to identify two broad categories of peer effects, i.e. learning-based and profit-driven imitations and examine the important influence of peer effects on MNCs’ internationalization strategy. Design/methodology/approach Using Chinese manufacturing firms as the empirical sample, the authors employ an econometric method (logit regression) to test the relationship between peer effects and an internationalization strategy. Findings Learning-based and profit-driven imitations are positively associated with a focal MNC’s OFDI decision. Policy uncertainty also positively moderates the relationship between peer effects and the OFDI strategy. Moreover, both peer effects are amplified when a firm is equipped with a dense export network. Originality/value The study offers researchers and practitioners a detailed view of interorganizational imitation behavior in terms of an internationalization strategy.

scholarly journals Global oligopolistic competition and foreign direct investment

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Hansen ◽  
Anne Hoenen
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
International Business ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Oligopolistic Competition ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Modern Context

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to re-visit and re-invigorate the oligopolistic industry perspective on multinational corporations (MNC) strategy. Design/methodology/approach Based on insights from the industrial organization tradition and strategic management, the paper brings the original insights of the oligopolistic industry perspective into a modern context by outlining a conceptual framework that may guide future international business (IB) research on MNC strategy in oligopolistic industries. Findings This paper demonstrates how contemporary IB literature pays little attention to a key insight of the early IB literature, namely, that foreign direct investment (FDI) often is driven by strategic interaction among MNCs in oligopolistic industries. Instead, the contemporary IB literature focuses on the FDI as a way to reduce transaction costs and/or as a way to leverage and build capabilities across borders. The paper argues that progressing global concentration in many industries warrants a rediscovery of the oligopolistic perspective on FDI. Originality/value The paper provides a comprehensive and unique literature review of the literature on MNC strategy in oligopolistic industries. Based on this review, the paper develops a novel conceptual framework that may inspire future IB research on MNC strategy in oligopolistic industries.

scholarly journals Empirical Research on the Relationship amongst Renewable Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and Foreign Direct Investment in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 332
Author(s):  
Janusz Grabara ◽  
Arsen Tleppayev ◽  
Malika Dabylova ◽  
Leonardus W. W. Mihardjo ◽  
Zdzisława Dacko-Pikiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
The Relationship

In this contemporary era, environmental problems spread at different levels in all countries of the world. Economic growth does not just depend on prioritizing the environment or improving the environmental situation. If the foreign direct investment is directed to the polluting industries, they will increase pollution and damage the environment. The purpose of the study is to consider the relationship between foreign direct investment in Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan and economic growth and renewable energy consumption. The study is based on data obtained from 1992 to 2018. The results show that there is a two-way link between foreign direct investment and renewable energy consumption in the considered two countries. The Granger causality test approach is applied to explore the causal relationship between the variables. The Johansen co-integration test approach is also employed to test for a relationship. The empirical results verify the existence of co-integration between the series. The main factors influencing renewable energy are economic growth and electricity consumption. To reduce dependence on fuel-based energy sources, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan need to attract energy to renewable energy sources and implement energy efficiency based on rapid progress. This is because renewable energy sources play the role of an engine that stimulates the production process in the economy for all countries.

scholarly journals Does Foreign Direct Investment Influence Renewable Energy Consumption? Empirical Evidence from South Asian Countries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3470
Author(s):  
Xueqing Kang ◽  
Farman Ullah Khan ◽  
Raza Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Arif ◽  
Shams Ur Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
The Relationship

In selected South Asian countries, the study intends to investigate the relationship between urban population (UP), carbon dioxide (CO2), trade openness (TO), gross domestic product (GDP), foreign direct investment (FDI), and renewable energy (RE). Fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) models for estimation were used in the study, which covered yearly data from 1990 to 2019. We used Levin–Lin–Chu, Im–Pesaran–Shin, and Fisher PP tests for the stationarity of the variables. The outcomes of the panel cointegration approach looked at whether there was a long-run equilibrium nexus between selected variables in Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, and Sri Lanka. The FMOLS approach was also used to assess the relationship, and the results suggest that there is a significant and negative nexus between FDI and renewable energy in south Asian nations. The study’s findings reveal a strong and favorable relationship between GDP and renewable energy use. In South Asian nations (Sri Lanka, Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh), the FMOLS and DOLS findings are nearly identical, but the authors used the DOLS model for robustification. According to the findings, policymakers in South Asian economies (Sri Lanka, Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh) should view GDP and FDI as fundamental policy instruments for environmental sustainability. To reduce reliance on hazardous energy sources, the government should also reassure financial sectors to participate in renewable energy.

Higher education, gender, and foreign direct investment: Evidence from OECD countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 095042222199727
Author(s):  
George Pantelopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Education Statistics ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Relationship

The objective of this study was to explore and empirically investigate the relationship between the labour force across educational levels and foreign direct investment (FDI), and to facilitate comparisons of education statistics and indicators across countries based on uniform and internationally agreed definitions. The analysis focuses on OECD countries. The empirical findings suggest that an educated labour force positively affects inward FDI. However, different educational levels do not have the same level of significance; tertiary education appears to have the greatest influence. As far as gender is concerned, the level of female participation in the workforce seems to be crucial in attracting FDI, and governments should therefore adopt policies to promote women’s empowerment.

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