Malignant Epithelial Tumors of the Parotid Gland

2021 ◽  
pp. 213-232
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Large Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Parotid Tumors ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Epithelial Myoepithelial Carcinoma ◽  
The Individual

Cancer of the parotid gland represents about 20% of all parotid tumors. It either occurs “de-novo” or “on top of pleomorphic adenoma.” There is no sex predilection, and the age of developing this cancer is usually above 50 years. Malignant tumors are as varied as their benign counterparts. Certain tumors are “low-grade” (polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma, acinic cell carcinoma, epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma), while others are “high-grade” (salivary duct carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma). The first echelon lymph node (LN) of metastases is the intra- and peri-glandular nodes. The next echelon is level II LNs. Hematogenous spread occurs very late and is mainly to the lungs and bones. However, adenoid cystic carcinoma tends to grow through peri-neural lymphatics with increased risk of nerve involvement, intra-cranial extension, and increased rate of recurrence. In this chapter, characteristic features and management of the individual types of malignant parotid tumors will be discussed.

Early results of real-time qualitative sonoelastography in the evaluation of parotid gland masses: A study with histopathological correlation

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Celebi ◽  
Abdullah S Mahmutoglu
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Early Results

Background Sonoelastography has been used to differentiate malignant from benign lesions in numerous types of tissues including breast, prostate, liver, blood vessels, thyroid, musculoskeletal structures, and salivary glands. Purpose To evaluate the efficacy and application of real-time qualitative sonoelastography in the differentiation of benign and malignant focal parotid gland lesions. Material and Methods A total of 75 patients (36 boys/men, 39 girls/women; age range, 10–83 years) with 81 lesions were evaluated prospectively by sonoelastography performed and interpreted by two expert radiologists. The results of these experts classification and scoring of lesions according to relative stiffness of the mass were compared with each other and with histopathological findings. The interpretation of sonoelastography scores of 1–4 were as follows: 1, soft; 2, mostly soft; 3, mostly stiff; and 4, stiff. Results The kappa statistic of 0.508 (P <, 0.001) indicated moderate agreement between the two radiologists. The sonoelastography scores correctly diagnosed 30 of 49 benign tumors (sensitivity, 61.2%) and 19 of 32 malignant tumors (specificity, 59.4%). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.603. The diagnostic value of sonoelastography for evaluating pleomorphic adenomas, Warthin tumors, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and high-grade tumors was low, whereas the diagnostic rates for low-grade tumors such as mucoepidermoid carcinoma, acinic cell carcinoma, and metastases of basal cell carcinoma were better with sonoelastography. Conclusion Although sonoelastography seems to be promising in the differentiating of low-grade malignancies, the primary role of radiology is currently limited to determination of localization, size, and morphology of parotid tumors.

scholarly journals Case Study of a Parotid Gland Adenocarcinoma Dedifferentiated from Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salih Aydın ◽  
Umit Taskin ◽  
Kadir Ozdamar ◽  
Kadir Yücebas ◽  
Mehmet Sar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Malignant Tumor ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Myoepithelial Carcinoma ◽  
Poorly Differentiated Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Epithelial Myoepithelial Carcinoma ◽  
Histopathological Results

Dedifferentiation is defined as high-grade malignant tumor development out of a low-grade malignant tumor. We present an adenocarcinoma tumor of the parotid gland that was dedifferentiated from a low-grade epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma and was followed up for 3 years. Our patient, a 46-year-old female, presented with a left parotid mass of 20-year duration. Histopathologic results showed that there was only one area of typical epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, with foci of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (not otherwise specified; NOS) and clear cytoplasm in the parotid gland. Immunohistochemical staining results showed SMA (+), P63 (+), CK8 (+), and S100 (+) on epithelial cells. A review of the literature revealed 22 previously reported cases of dedifferentiated epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma. In these cases, the malignant tumors that dedifferentiated from epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma were adenoid cystic carcinoma, actinic cell carcinoma, polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and intraductal carcinoma. In our case, the malignant tumor that dedifferentiated from the epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma was a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Histopathological results showed that metastases were not seen in the neck-dissection material. As a result, our case will make a contribution to the literature in terms of prognosis, because there are very few reported cases of dedifferentiated adenocarcinoma development arising from epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma.

scholarly journals Dedifferentiated Acinic Cell Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland With Myoepithelial Features

2002 ◽  
Vol 126 (9) ◽  
pp. 1104-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simonetta Piana ◽  
Alberto Cavazza ◽  
Corrado Pedroni ◽  
Rosa Scotti ◽  
Luigi Serra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Acinic Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Epithelial Proliferation ◽  
Acinic Cell

Abstract Dedifferentiated acinic cell carcinoma of the salivary gland is an uncommon variant of acinic cell carcinoma, characterized by the coexistence of both an usual low-grade acinic cell carcinoma and a high-grade dedifferentiated component, as well as by an accelerated clinical course. We describe a case of acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland in a 67-year-old woman, which recurred 4 times after surgery and radiotherapy. The recurrences consisted of residual foci of acinic cell carcinoma intermingled with a high-grade epithelial proliferation; the latter was focally constituted by cells with morphologic and immunohistochemical features of myoepithelium.

scholarly journals Nodal Metastases in Acinic Cell Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Grasl ◽  
Stefan Janik ◽  
Matthaeus C. Grasl ◽  
Johannes Pammer ◽  
Michael Formanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Acinic Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Elective Neck Dissection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Acinic Cell ◽  
Neck Metastases ◽  
High Grade Carcinoma

The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of patients with acinic cell carcinomas of the parotid gland after elective neck dissection (END). A retrospective chart review was performed including 66 patients with acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland. Clinical parameters were retrieved and statistically analyzed regarding disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). An END was done in 27 (40.9%) patients, and occult metastases were detected in 4 (14.8%) patients of whom three were low-grade carcinoma. Positive neck nodes were associated with significantly worse DSS (p = 0.05). Intermediate and high-grade carcinoma (HR 8.62; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.69–44.01; p = 0.010), perineural invasion (HR 19.6; 95%CI: 0.01–0.37; p = 0.003) and lymphovascular invasion (HR 10.2; 95%CI: 0.02–0.59; p = 0.011) were worse prognostic factors for DFS. An END should be considered in patients with acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland due to (i) a notable rate of occult neck metastases in low-grade tumors and (ii) the worse DSS of patients with positive neck nodes.

Malignant Parotid Tumors Diagnostic Considerations and Therapeutic Suggestions

1989 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lippo Lippi ◽  
Wolfango De Meester ◽  
Alessandro Norberti ◽  
Paolo Porzio
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Parotid Tumors ◽  
Adenoid Cystic ◽  
Therapeutic Protocol ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Lost To Follow Up ◽  
Malignant Parotid Tumors ◽  
Mixed Tumors

This paper presents our experience of the problem of diagnosis and surgical treatment of malignant parotid tumors, based on a retrospective evaluation of a series of 478 parotid tumors, of which 100 were malignant. Out of 75 primaris malignant tumors of epithelial origin, 35 belonged to the « epidermoid » group (adenocarcinomas, undifferentiated carcinomas, malignant mixed tumors, squamous cell carcinoma), 20 were muco-epidermoid carcinomas, 15 adenoid cystic carcinomas and 5 were acinic cell carcinoma. Altogether, 58.7% of the treated patients do not at the moment present evidence of disease; 33.3% are dead from the disease or are alive with active disease; 5.3% are dead from other causes and 2.7% are lost to follow-up. Underlining the importance of histologic examination of the swelling by intraoperative biopsy, the authors propose a diagnostic and therapeutic protocol.

Unilateral aneuploid dedifferentiated acinic cell carcinoma associated with bilateral-low grade diploid acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland

1999 ◽  
Vol 434 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Di Palma ◽  
Valentina Corletto ◽  
Cinzia Lavarino ◽  
Sarah Birindelli ◽  
Silvana Pilotti
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Acinic Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Acinic Cell

Extracapsular dissection as sole therapy for small low-grade malignant tumors of the parotid gland

2017 ◽  
Vol 127 (8) ◽  
pp. 1804-1807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Mantsopoulos ◽  
Michael Koch ◽  
Heinrich Iro
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Extracapsular Dissection

scholarly journals A Case of Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma of Parotid Gland and Analysis of 33 Cases Reported in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Ji Won Kim ◽  
Min Soo Kim ◽  
Bo Sung Kim ◽  
Seong Dong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Myoepithelial Carcinoma ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Epithelial Myoepithelial Carcinoma

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is rare, low-grade malignant neoplasm that compromises approximately 1% of all salivary gland neoplasms. We reported a 68-year-old woman with epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma in the parotid gland. We analyzed demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of salivary gland epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma which has been reported in 33 cases in Korea from 1992 to 2017, and compared this result to overseas retrospective cohort studies. There was no significance in terms of mean age at diagnosis, the predominance of females, low frequency in regional lymph nodes, and distant metastasis between the two groups. However, T classification and AJCC stage at diagnosis in domestic cases are more advanced than those of overseas cases. Although the recurrence rate in domestic cases has been reported lower than that of overseas, further study may be needed considering that the follow-up period after treatment is short in domestic cases.

Investigation of Sonographic Criteria for Reliable Identification of T1–T2 Low-Grade Malignant Tumors of the Parotid Gland

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Berner ◽  
Michael Koch ◽  
Sarina Katrin Müller ◽  
Mirco Schapher ◽  
Philipp Grundtner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Reliable Identification

The Feasibility of Thoracoscopic Left Pneumonectomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (02) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Hao Xu ◽  
Linyou Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Thoracoscopic Surgery ◽  
Bronchopleural Fistula ◽  
Sarcomatoid Carcinoma ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Large Cell Carcinoma ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Left Pneumonectomy

Objective In this study, we describe our experience with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) left pneumonectomy as a treatment for advanced malignant and benign diseases.Methods Patients who underwent VATS left pneumonectomy in our clinic between October 2013 and August 2017 were retrospectively evaluated. VATS pneumonectomy was successfully completed in 46 patients. We reviewed and analyzed the characteristics of the patients in addition to intraoperative parameters, chest tube duration, length of hospital stay, morbidity, and mortality. Results A total of 46 patients underwent VATS left pneumonectomy. Of these, 43 patients had malignant tumors and 3 patients had destroyed lung. The histologic types were squamous cell carcinoma in 24 patients, adenocarcinoma in 11, large cell carcinoma in 2, sarcomatoid carcinoma in 1, follicular dendritic cell sarcoma in 1, and small cell carcinoma in 4. Primary lung cancers were classified as stage IA1 in 2 patients, IA2 in 2, IA3 in 1, IB in 3, IIA in 3, IIB in 11, IIIA in 18, and IIIB in 3. The mean operation time was 160.54 ± 43.44 minutes, and the mean blood loss was 401.09 ± 284.32 mL. There was no perioperative mortality and no secretion retention and bronchopleural fistula. Arrhythmia was found in three patients. Pneumonia was found in four patients. The median follow-up time in this cohort was 25 months. A total of 15 patients (34.8%) developed recurrent diseases, 12 developed distant or multiple metastasis, and 3 developed locoregional recurrence. Conclusion VATS pneumonectomy is a safe, feasible treatment for complicated diseases that induces acceptable damage and has lower morbidity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document